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Biomedical subjects

I Koçak

Publications and source records attributed to I Koçak.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

The comparison of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy and intraperitoneal Ringer's lactate solution in prevention of postoperative adhesion formation in rat models.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a) therapy and intraperitoneal Ringer's lactate solution (RL) for the prevention of postsurgical adhesion formation in rat models. STUDY DESIGN: Forty rats were randomized into four groups: Group I was the control; in group II, RL was applied at the surgery; group III and IV received preoperative subcutaneous injections of the GNRH-a leuprolide acetate and only the diluent of the GNRH-a respectively. A standard lesion was created over the uterus of each rat. Adhesions were scored at relaparotomy 3 weeks later. Analysis of variance (Kruskal-Wallis) and Mann-Whitney U-tests were used for the statistical evaluation. RESULTS: The average adhesion scores were 2.7+/-0.26, 1.4+/-0.27, 0.9+/-0.18, and 2.5+/-0.34 in groups I, II, III, and IV respectively. There were significant differences between the scores of groups I and II (P<0.01), groups I and III (P<0.001), groups II and IV (P<0.05), and groups III and IV (P<0.01); but not between the scores of groups II and III, and groups I and IV (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: GNRH-a was successful in reducing postoperative adhesion formation but was not superior to intraperitoneal RL.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Analysis of the pregnancy-related deaths within the last two decades: a university hospital-based study from Turkey.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the causes of pregnancy-related deaths at Ondokuz Mayis University Hospital. STUDY DESIGN: The death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy regardless of the cause of death, including accidental or incidental causes, was accepted as a 'pregnancy-related death'. Such deaths were evaluated in Ondokuz Mayls University Hospital in the years 1978-1997 inclusive. They were classified as direct obstetric, indirect obstetric, and accidental or incidental deaths. RESULTS: Eighty-seven pregnancy-related deaths were identified via hospital death records. Maternal mortality ratio was calculated to be 822.2 per 100,000 live births. Seventy seven percent of the deaths were due to direct obstetric causes; most commonly due to toxemia, infection and hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: Direct obstetric deaths, which are largely preventable with proper antenatal care and health services, are still problems in our country.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Evaluation of vocal cord function after thyroid surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical evaluation and indirect laryngoscopy with videolaryngostroboscopy (VLS), which is a new method of diagnosing abnormalities and dysfunction of the vocal folds. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Teaching hospital, Turkey. SUBJECTS: 218 patients who required thyroidectomy and who had no vocal abnormality preoperatively. INTERVENTIONS: Clinical evaluation, indirect laryngoscopy, and VLS before operation and on the second postoperative day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: The specificity of all three investigations was 100%. The sensitivity of VLS was 100%, of clinical evaluation 81%, and of indirect laryngoscopy 67%. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical evaluation and indirect laryngoscopy are safe ways of evaluating abnormalities of the vocal cords postoperatively. It would probably not be cost-effective to use VLS routinely, but for differential diagnosis and evaluation of prognosis of vocal abnormalities after thyroidectomy it is more accurate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Variability in the measurement of corneal temperature using a noncontact infrared thermometer.

PURPOSE: To assess the variability of corneal temperature and the reproducibility of its measurement by means of a noncontact infrared thermometer in healthy subjects. METHODS: The THI-500 noncontact infrared thermometer (Tasco Japan, Osaka, Japan) was used for the measurement of corneal temperature. The reproducibility of corneal temperature measurements was assessed for 5 consecutive temperature readings obtained within 45 min or within 5 days. In addition, the interocular difference in corneal temperature and the diurnal temperature changes of the cornea were assessed. For each experiment, 10 healthy subjects were recruited. RESULTS: The reliability of 5 consecutive corneal temperature measurements obtained within 45 min and within 5 days was 97.92 and 85.35%, respectively. Interocular differences in corneal temperature were not statistically significant (p = 0.70). Average corneal temperature varied significantly during the day (p < 0.0001), with lower corneal temperature readings during the morning hours compared to those obtained during the afternoon. CONCLUSION: The assessment of corneal temperature by means of noncontact infrared thermometry is highly reproducible. Corneal temperature varies throughout the day, and this variation is independent of variations in environmental temperature.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Comparison of the anti-inflammatory effects of diclofenac and flurbiprofen eye drops after cataract extraction.

PURPOSE: A clinical double-blind study was performed in patients who had undergone extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation (ECCE+IOL) to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of diclofenac sodium 0.1% and flurbiprofen 0.03% eye drops. METHODS: The diclofenac group included 21 eyes of 21 patients and the flurbiprofen group included 22 eyes of 22 patients. The parameters compared were pachymetry of the cornea, corneal surface changes, intraocular pressure (IOP) and the degree of inflammation of the anterior chamber at one, three and six weeks after cataract surgery. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups in corneal pachymetry, corneal surface changes, IOP and the anterior chamber inflammation (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Both drugs were well tolerated and may be safely used to reduce inflammation for cataract surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Effects of Ringer's lactate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue and its diluent on the prevention of postsurgical adhesion formation in rat models.

Fifty adult female rats were randomly divided into five groups. Before the standard surgical procedure which consisted of creating a lesion with electrocautery over the uterus, leuprolide acetate (LA) together with its diluent, the diluent alone and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) were injected to the third, fourth, and fifth groups, respectively. Ringer's lactate (RL) solution was applied intraperitoneally to the second group at the end of the surgery. Group I received no medication. Relaparotomy was performed 3 weeks later to evaluate the adhesions. The mean adhesion scores were (mean +/- SD) 2.6 +/- 0.7, 1.4 +/- 0.8, 0.9 +/- 0.6, 2.3 +/- 0.8, and 0.8 +/- 0.6 in groups I, II, III, IV, and V, respectively. The postsurgical adhesions were significantly less in the groups treated with RL, LA, and MPA.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Measurement of intraocular pressure with a modern noncontact tonometer.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) in a population without known glaucoma as measured by means of a noncontact tonometer (NCT). METHODS: IOP values of 842 persons, measured by means of a Pulsair 2000 NCT (Keeler Instruments, Inc., Broomhall, Pennsylvania) by 5 investigators were evaluated. Three consecutive measurements were taken first on the right eye and then on the left eye in each subject. Topical anesthesia was not used. RESULTS: The distribution of the measured IOP values was significantly different from a normal distribution. The median IOP was 15.0 mmHg (lower quartile/ upper quartile 12.5/17.2). There were no differences in IOP values between male and female subjects or between right and left eyes. There was no correlation between age and IOP values. Ninety percent of the subjects had an IOP within a range of 9-24 mmHg in both eyes. Among the examined subjects, the IOP was above 24 and 21 mmHg in 4,6 and 11%, respectively, in at least one eye. The median range of consecutive IOP measurements in one eye was 3 mmHg (lower quartile/upper quartile 2.0/4.0). The median interocular IOP difference was 1.7 mmHg (0.7/2.7). The median individual coefficient of variation (CV) values were 10.0% for the right eyes, -10.8% for the left eyes. Among the 5 different examiners, the IOP values, range of 3 consecutive IOP readings in one eye, interocular asymmetry and CV values were statistically comparable. CONCLUSION: The Pulsair 2000 NCT is very simple to use and its handling is mostly independent of the operator. The results of the present investigation might be of some value for future screening programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Evaluation of the Brusini glaucoma staging system for typing and staging of perimetric results.

BACKGROUND: Brusini's recently introduced glaucoma staging system (GSS) categorizes visual-field damages into different types (i.e. generalized, mixed and localized) and classifies them into stages similar to those of Aulhorn-Karmeyer. Basically, the Brusini GSS is a scatterplot of mean defect (x-axis) and corrected loss variance (CLV; y-axis). The Brusini GSS charts are claimed to be simple to understand due to their 2-dimensional spatial representation and there is no subjective interpretation necessary, since their numerical presentation provides an objective evaluation. Inter- and intraindividual comparisons are, thus, provided 'at a glance'. METHODS: Retrospectively, 610 visual fields (Octopus 201, Program G1) for each eye of 32 glaucoma patients were inspected on screen with PeriData 7.0. The performance of the Brusini GSS was evaluated in terms of typing of visual-field defect and staging as defined by the Aulhorn-Karmeyer classification. RESULTS: Typing of defects into 'normal' and various degrees of generalized and localized damage agreed with PeriData in 89% of fields; 5% were wrongly classified as normal by the Brusini GSS. The type of visual defect showed in 1.3% fields as marked and in 5% a minor discrepancy. Most of the 11% of nonagreement was due to high short-term fluctuation. Agreement could potentially be enhanced by using loss variance instead of CLV Staging of visual-field defects with Brusini GSS charts was in agreement with the Aulhorn-Karmeyer classification in 73% of fields. CONCLUSION: The authors recommend the Brusini GSS because of its simplicity to concisely describe visual-field damage for clinical use as well as research work and because of the remarkably good agreement with the well-known Aulhorn-Karmeyer classification.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Descriptive information of topographic parameters computed at the optic nerve head with the Heidelberg retina tomograph.

PURPOSE: To analyze the frequency distribution and descriptive information of topometric data obtained with the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) in a normal population. METHODS: Topographic measurements of the optic disc were acquired and evaluated using the HRT in 225 subjects between 12 and 90 years of age. After randomly selecting one eye per subject, the frequency distributions, mean values, minima, maxima, and first, fifth, fiftieth, ninety-fifth, and ninety-ninth percentiles were evaluated for topographic parameters computed by the HRT. The influence of age, intraocular pressure (IOP), disc size, and disc shape on optic disc topometric data was analyzed. A principal component analysis of the topometric parameters was performed. The frequency distributions, mean values, minima, maxima, and first, fifth, fiftieth, ninety-fifth, and ninety-ninth percentiles of the interocular difference in topographic parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: All topographic parameters showed a unimodal but not necessarily normal distribution. None of the parameters showed a relevant correlation with age, IOP (in the normal range), and overall shape of the anterior optic nerve, but a few parameters showed a clinically significant correlation with disc size. A principal component analysis identified four relevant factors (optic nerve cup, retinal nerve fiber layer, optic disc size, and optic nerve cup shape) in the entire data set of optic nerve topometric data. The absolute value of all interocular differences in topographic parameters showed an asymmetric but unimodal distribution. CONCLUSION: The mathematical description of the optic nerve cup shape provides information on optic nerve head topography independently from cupping, nerve fiber layer thickness, and disc size. Potentially, quantification of further aspects in optic nerve head topography might improve the discriminatory power of computerized quantitative optic nerve head analysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Autosomal recessive nanophthalmos.

Nanophthalmos is a rare congenital ocular malformation which is generally recognized at middle age when serious complications have already developed. In this report 7 early diagnosed nanophthalmic cases are presented and diagnostic criteria, complications, inheritance and various modalities of treatment are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Acute endophthalmitis outbreak after cataract surgery.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the source of organisms causing an epidemic of postoperative endophthalmitis and to emphasize the importance of prompt intervention with an early diagnosis. SETTING: S.B. Ankara Hospital Eye Department, Ankara, Turkey. METHODS: Thirteen patients who had surgery on the same day and developed acute postoperative endophthalmitis were evaluated. Clinical patterns were observed and intraocular cultures and stains performed in 10 eyes. Broad-spectrum intravitreal antibiotics were injected on an empirical basis. RESULTS: Intravitreal cultures showed Pseudomonas aeruginosa in four cases and coagulase-negative staphylococci in three cases; three cases were culture negative. P. aeruginosa were also isolated from irrigation solutions used on the same day. Two patients with P. aeruginosa had a visual acuity of 20/200 and 20/300, respectively. CONCLUSION: The different culture results were probably related to the amount of inoculation, individual risk factors, and the subconjunctival antibiotic injection given at the end of surgery. That one patient with P. aeruginosa endophthalmitis retained a visual acuity of 20/200 shows the importance of rapid intravitreal antibiotic treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Anti-bacterial activity of the fluid contents of spermatoceles and epididymal cysts.

OBJECTIVE: To show that the fluids obtained from spermatoceles and epididymal cysts are not infected, even though they may be present for long periods, and that these fluids have bactericidal activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen patients, 13 with a spermatocele and three with an epididymal cyst, were included in the study. Protein, glucose, chloride, inorganic phosphorus, calcium and magnesium contents were measured and cultures of the fluids were carried out. Bactericidal activity against the Escherichia coli NTCC 10418 clone was tested in different dilutions. RESULTS: Biochemical analysis showed that the protein, glucose and ionic content of the fluids was lower than that of serum, except for chloride. Microbiological cultures were negative for all samples. A significant bactericidal effect was obtained with 1/1 dilution and no reproduction was seen with this dilution. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the fluids within spermatoceles and epididymal cysts do not become infected under normal circumstances.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of sildenafil on ocular hemodynamics in 3 months regular use.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sildenafil on ocular hemodynamics in a group of men with erectile dysfunction in 3 months regular use. A total of 15 patients with erectile dysfunction were included in this prospective study. All patients received 50 mg doses of sildenafil (Viagra, Pfizer) two times per week regularly for 3 months. The following examinations were performed on both eyes before and after sildenafil treatment: best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), color vision, anterior segment, and fundus examination. Using color Doppler imaging, we measured hemodynamic variables in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and short posterior ciliary artery (SPCA). No significant changes in BCVA, color vision and IOP were found after sildenafil treatment. The anterior segment and fundus examinations showed no abnormalities. All Doppler parameters of OA, CRA, and SPCA remained nonsignificant for both eyes after sildenafil treatment. Oral sildenafil in 3 months regular use seems to have no effect on ocular hemodynamics.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Visual acuity and color vision deficiency in amblyopia.

PURPOSE: To investigate color vision and its relation with the type of amblyopia and visual acuity of amblyopic eyes. METHODS: In this prospective study, 67 amblyopic eyes of 64 patients, aged from 4 to 13 years (mean 6.8 +/- 2.1) and 26 eyes of 13 control subjects aged from 5 to 13 years (mean 7.3 +/- 1.6) were examined with the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue Test (FM-100). Amblyopic eyes were grouped as strabismic (21 eyes) and anisometropic (46 eyes). Each group was subdivided according to their visual acuity, as less than 5/10 and 6/10 or better. The total errors, blue-yellow (B-Y) and red-green (R-G) partial error scores were obtained for each group. One-way ANOVA was used to assess differences between groups. RESULTS: The error scores of all axes were lower in the control group than the amblyopic groups (p<0.001), but the differences within amblyopic groups were not significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Deficient color vision in the amblyopic eyes was not related to the visual acuity and type of amblyopia.

Adolescent↗