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Biomedical subjects

I Krüger

Publications and source records attributed to I Krüger.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Technical aspects of isolation extremity perfusion: experimental studies and clinical experience.

In experiments with dogs (n = 68), the influence of temperature, flow rate, perfusate, and perfusion duration on the hind leg subjected to an isolation perfusion was studied. The perfusion pressure, the blood gases, and the metabolic status in specimens of skeletal muscle obtained at the end of the perfusion period served as parameters. A perfusion of 1 and 2 h with whole blood, a flow rate of 10 mL/10 g/min, and temperatures of up to 42 degrees C did not result in alterations of the energy metabolism. When the flow rate was lowered to 5 mL/100 g/min, when other perfusates were used, or when the in temperature was raised to 43.5 degrees C, then tissue damage occurred. Knowledge gained in these experiments was utilized in the treatment of 371 patients with malignancies of the extremities, and an extremely low complication rate was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The role of regional hyperthermic cytostatic perfusion in the treatment of extremity melanoma.

To evaluate the effectiveness of regional hyperthermic cytostatic perfusion in patients with malignant melanomas of the extremities, 107 patients were included in a prospective randomized study. In a control group (A, n = 54) the tumors were widely excised, and the regional lymph nodes were dissected. The patients in the perfusion group (B, n = 53) received additional hyperthermic (42 degrees C) perfusion with melphalan. The disease-free survival time was chosen as the criterion for success. An intermediate evaluation (average follow-up observation period of 550 days) revealed a highly significant difference between the groups (P = 0.0001): 21 recurrences in the control group versus four recurrences in the perfusion group. In a second analysis 3 1/2 years after premature discontinuation, 26 recurrences were diagnosed in Group A, whereas only six recurrences were noted in Group B (P = 0.0001). A retrospective analysis of the entire test group revealed the following figures. In Group A seven recurrences in Stage I were diagnosed, seven in Stage II, and 12 in Stage III. In Group B one was observed in Stage I, one in Stage II, and four in Stage III. The level of significance was calculated to be P = 0.05 in Stage I, P = 0.05 in Stage II, and P = 0.01 in Stage III. The results of the study show that additional perfusion in the treatment of extremity melanomas is superior to conventional methods.

Arm↗
PubMed1987

[Diagnosis and surgical therapy of lung metastases].

Operations for pulmonary metastases were carried out on 33 patients from January 1st 1976 to December 31st 1985 at the Surgical Division, University of Cologne. In six cases each, the primary tumors were hypernephromas, colorectal carcinomas and osteocarcinoma. There were five cases of melanoma, three cases of testicular carcinoma, two cases of corpus carcinoma and two cases of soft-tissue sarcoma as well as one case each of parotid, tonsillar and laryngeal carcinoma. The large number of metastases could be determined in 21 cases (64%) by means of preoperative radiodiagnostics with X-rays of the chest in two planes, conventional tomography and computer tomography of the thorax. Computer tomography was the most efficient single investigation. 17 patients received atypical resection and lobectomy was carried out in 16 cases. For all patients, the cumulative survivals revealed a one-year actuarial survival of around 70% and a three-year actuarial survival of about 20%. Patients with several metastases (two to six) had a very much poorer prognosis than patients with solitary pulmonary metastases. There was no connection between the surgical technique selected and the expected survival time in any case. The tumor-free interval between operation on the primary tumor and resection of the pulmonary metastases only had a slight prognostic significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Miniature equipment for the perfusion of rat limbs.

A simple, reliable and efficient miniaturized extracorporeal circulation system for the use in small animals, especially for the perfusion of rat hind limbs, has been described. The system consists of a newly devised bubble oxygenator and heat exchanger and of commercially available roller pumps, polyethylene cannulas and silicone tubes. The minimal and maximal priming volume of the entire system is 4.7 and 16.7 ml, respectively. The efficiency of the system is reflected in a high value of oxygen uptake in the range of 0.061 ml O2 X min-1 X ml-1 blood, a heat transfer coefficient ranging from 0.96 to 0.31 at flow rates between 1 and 20 ml X min-1, a low pulsation amplitude of the roller pump, a constant flow resistance at the arterial cannula, which implies optimal flow conditions, and in a low blood trauma with plasma hemoglobin concentrations of 47.5 +/- 5 mg dl-1 after 60 min of in vitro perfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Creatine and density of red blood cells in perinatal hypoxia.

Signs of stimulated erythropoiesis, such as increased creatine and decreased density of red cells are good indicators of hypoxemia in adults and older children. The sensitivity of both tests in perinatal hypoxia was found to be reduced. The causes for this reduction were investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[A new model for the regional perfusion of the extremities in rats: metabolism and hemodynamics].

A pelvic extremity of the rat was recirculatorily perfused by means of a self-developed perfusion equipment in a perfusion pressure of 65 +/- 6 mmHg and a blood temperature of 35 degrees C during one hour. Tissue specimens were taken away in the end of the perfusion and 3 weeks later and the metabolite contents was determined in comparison with control groups. No change of the metabolite status was provable by the perfusion. The technical practicability of the perfusion of rat extremities could be shown, therefore, contrary to hitherto existing assumptions.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Distinction between Cytosol and Chloroplast Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolases from Pea, Wheat, and Corn Leaves.

A reinvestigation of cytosol and chloroplast fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) aldolases from pea (Pisum sativum L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and corn leaves (Zea mays L.) revealed that the two isoenzymes can be separated by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-cellulose although the separation was often less clear-cut than for the two aldolases from spinach leaves. Definite distinction was achieved by immunoprecipitation of the two isoenzymes with antisera raised against the respective isoenzymes from spinach leaves. The proportion of cytosol aldolase as part of total aldolase activity was 8, 9, 14, and 4.5% in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), pea, wheat, and corn leaves, respectively. For corn leaves we also obtained values of up to 15%. The K(m) (FBP) values were about 5-fold lower for the cytosol (1.1-2.3 micromolar concentration) than for the chloroplast enzymes (8.0-10.5 micromolar concentration). The respective K(m) (fructose-1-phosphate, F1P) values were about equal for the cytosol (1.0-2.3 millimolar concentration) and for the chloroplast aldolase (0.6-1.7 millimolar concentration). The ratio V (FIP)/V (FBP) was 0.20 to 0.27 for the cytosol and 0.07 to 0.145 for the chloroplast aldolase. Thus, cytosol and chloroplast aldolases from spinach, pea, wheat, and corn leaves differ quite considerably in the elution pattern from DEAE-cellulose, in immunoprecipitability with antisera against the respective isoenzymes from spinach leaves, and in the affinity to FBP.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1986

[Randomized melanoma study of perfusion of the extremities. Results of treatment 2 1/2 years after premature discontinuation].

To evaluate the effectiveness of regional hyperthermic cytostatic perfusion in patients with malignant melanomas of the extremities 107 patients were included in a prospective randomized study. In a control group (A, n = 54) the tumors were excised widely and the regional lymph nodes were dissected. The patients in the perfusion group (B, n = 53) received additional hyperthermic (42 degrees C) perfusion with Melphalan. We chose the disease-free-survival time as the criterion for success. An intermediate evaluation (mean follow-up observation period of 550 days) revealed a highly significant difference between the groups (p = 0.0001) of 21 resp. 4 recurrences. A second evaluation, 2 1/2 years after prematurely discontinuation, also shows a highly significant difference in favour of perfusion (p = 0.0001).

Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion↗
PubMed1983

Purification, subunit structure and immunological comparison of fructose-bisphosphate aldolases from spinach and corn leaves.

The cytosol and chloroplast fructose-bisphosphate aldolases from spinach leaves were separated by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, and were purified by subsequent affinity chromatography on phosphocellulose to apparent homogeneity as judged from polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The two aldolases had specific activities of 7.2 and 7.8 units mg protein-1. Molecular weight determinations by electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate gels and by sedimentation velocity centrifugation in sucrose gradients showed that the aldolases contained four subunits of Mr 38 000 and 35 000, respectively. Antibodies against the cytosol and chloroplast aldolase from spinach leaves were raised in a guinea pig and in a rabbit, respectively. In the Ouchterlony double-diffusion test, the two aldolases did not cross-react. A small degree of cross-reaction was observed by a test in which immune complexes were adsorbed to a solid-phase support (Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I cells) and nonbound enzyme activity was determined after centrifugation. These results imply major structural differences between the two spinach leaf aldolases. Only one major aldolase could be resolved on DEAE-cellulose from corn leaves. The aldolase was purified and had a specific activity of 6.4 units X mg protein-1. The corn leaf aldolase cross-reacted with the antiserum raised against the chloroplast enzyme from spinach leaves, but not with the other antiserum. Thus, the corn leaf aldolase could be identified as a chloroplast enzyme. Since aldolase activity is mostly restricted to the bundle sheath cells of corn leaf, it was concluded that it is compartmentalized in the chloroplasts of these cells but not in chloroplasts of the mesophyll cells.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1983

Intracellular compartmentation of isozymes of sugar phosphate metabolism in green leaves.

The present paper has summarized evidence for the presence of two isozymes for many enzyme activities of sugar phosphate metabolism in plant leaves. These two isozymes are clearly compartmentalized in the chloroplasts and in the cytosol of plant leaf cells. In C4 plants there exists an additional isozyme in the mesophyll cells of these leaves in addition to the two isozymes in the bundle sheath cells. Such cell-compartment-specific and cell-specific isozymes provide duplicate (and possibly triplicate) enzyme systems for complete or almost complete pathways (ie, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway). They provide a basis for the understanding as to how many isozymes one may expect in plants. They also provide a challenge to determine what their function is particularly in the differential regulation of metabolic pathways in different cell compartments. Based on his genetic analyses Weeden [1981] has recently proposed a model for the evolution of chloroplast-specific isozymes of sugar phosphate metabolism. This model rests on the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of chloroplasts. It still is highly speculative. However, cell-compartment specific isozymes may eventually provide a means of studying plant evolution, especially if we succeed in analyzing their primary structure.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1981

[Quantitative determination of protein fractions in the colostrum of clinically health dairy cows between the 1st-8th day post partum using agar gel microelectrophoresis].

Micro-agargel electrophoresis was used to determine normal value patterns in foremilk protein fractions of 50 clinically intact Friesian dairy cows, between the first and eighth days from calving. The average total protein levels recorded from foremilk samples dropped from 10.67 g/100 ml to 4.85 g/100 ml, between the first and fifth days from calving. Four fractions were clearly distinguished by electrophoretic separation. Fractions II (beta-lactoglobulin) and III (alpha-lactalbumin) increased clearly, in the course of lactation, whereas considerable drops were recorded from fractions I (serum albumin) and IV (immunoglobulin). Decline in immunoglobulin levels was from 62 rel. per cent on the first day of lactation to 25 rel. per cent on the third day. Hints are given on drinking diet for calves, and reference is made to qualitative demands on foremilk from other animals than mother.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Leiomyoblastoma (epithelioid leiomyoma) of the stomach: a pathomorphological and retrospective study of 6 cases (author's transl)].

Gastric leiomyoblastoma is a well defined mesenchymal tumor originating from the smooth muscle tissue (tunica propria) of the body and pyloric antrum of the stomach. Although these tumors are usually benign, some of them may be malignant or potentially malignant. On gross inspection the mostly solitary lesions protrude hemispherically or polypoidly into the gastric lumen. The mucous membranes overlaying the tumor may be eroded or deeply ulcerated so that gastric hemorrhage is the most important clinical finding. Microscopically the tumor tissue is composed of large, rounded or polyhedral cells, which often contain empty vacuoles in their finely granulated acidophilic cytoplasm. The round or oval nuclei are located in the center or at the periphery of the cell, sometimes giving the impression of "signet ring" cells. The size and chromatin density of the nuclei may vary, mitotic figures are rare or missing. Often the tumor cells are disaggregated by accumulations of PAS-positive edema, which may also contain many large and confluent empty vacuoles. The reticulum stain reveals a dense network of fibers encircling individual or small groups of tumor cells, as it is characteristic for smooth muscle tissue. In 4 cases we observed small nodules, which were composed of concentrically arranged fibers and tumor cells resembling hemangiopericytoma without central blood vessel. During 6 years (1970 to 1975) we observed 6 cases of gastric leiomyoblastoma. None of these patients had evidence of recurrent disease or metastatic spread 2 to 6 1/2 years after operation and histological diagnosis of the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Quantitative determination of blood-plasma protein fractions using micro-agar gel electrophoresis in highly pregnant dairy cows close to the day of delivery].

Ten clinically intact Jersey dairy cows in advanced pregnancy were examined and tested over a span of three hours before to seven hours after parturition. Blood was sampled from them in intervals of ten tp 20 minutes, and the blood plasma was checked total protein and the "classical" fractions. The average total protein value of the plasma samples was 6.5 g/100 ml. The albumin and alpha 1-fractions were inversely proportional the psi-globulin concentrations before, during, and after parturition. The albumin values were on a declining trend three hours prior to parturition and recommenced to rise ten minutes prior to parturition. They were relatively constant after parturition. The pri-globulins went up slightly prior to parturition, but that rise remained statistically unsecured. It is assumed that in a certain period of time from before to somewhen after parturition change of the fractions is caused by the corticoids and sexual hormones.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1976

[Quantitative determinations of plasma protein fractions in pregnant dairy cows during a 24-hour period using micro-agargel electrophoresis].

Total protein and the socalled classical blood plasma fractions were examined in hourly intervals over 24 hours in ten clinically intact pregnant Jersey cows. The average total protein values recorded from the plasma samples were 6.9 per cent and thus physiologically normal. The arithmetic mean values within one circadian rhythm did not differ markedly within each of the following fractions:albumin (38.7 +/- 5.08) alpha1-globulin (11.22 +/- 2.22),alpha2-globulin (14.25 +/- 1.95), and beta-globulins (12.56 +/- 0.91). Moderate rises were established only for the gamma-globulins at 1 a.m., 7 a.m., and 7 p.m. The protein fractions of blood plasma, consequently, are not subject to any circadian rhythm, and the time of blood sampling, therefore, has no bearings on laboratory diagnosis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hyperthermic perfusion with chemotherapy for melanoma of the extremities.

A prospective randomized study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of additional regional cytostatic perfusion of the extremities in patients with malignant melanoma. In a control group (n = 54), the tumors were widely excised, and regional lymph nodes were dissected. The patients in the perfusion group (n = 53) received additional hyperthermic (42 degrees C) perfusion with Melphalan. The disease-free survival time was chosen as the criterion for evaluation. An intermediate analysis revealed a highly significant difference between the 2 groups (21 recurrences in the control group and 4 recurrences in the perfusion group, p less than 0.001). Therefore, the study was discontinued prematurely. In an analysis of the data performed after a median observation time of 5 years and 11 months, 26 recurrences were diagnosed in the control group, whereas 6 recurrences were noted in the perfusion group (p less than 0.001). The retrospective breakdown into different risk groups according to tumor thickness also demonstrates a significant difference. For patients with a primary tumor of 1.5-3.0-mm in thickness, 2 of 25 in the perfusion group and 10 of 25 in the control group have relapsed. For those with a primary tumor of greater than 3.0-mm in thickness, 4 of 28 in the perfusion group and 16 of 29 in the control group have relapsed. Eleven patients in the control group and 3 patients in the perfusion group have died due to metastatic spread of the melanoma (p less than 0.01). The results most clearly demonstrate the benefits of additional hyperthermic cytostatic perfusion.

Arm↗