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False Positive Reactions↗
Biomedical subjects
I Kupryś
Publications and source records attributed to I Kupryś.
[The role of leukotrienes and the effect of leukotriene receptor antagonists in allergic rhinitis].
Allergic rhinitis is associated with persistent inflammation of nasal mucosa. Characteristic feature of this inflammation is an accumulation of eosinophils. These cells are the major source of cysteinyl leukotrienes--potent pro-inflammatory mediators responsible for nasal blockade, rhinorrhoea and hyperresponsiveness. Because leukotriene receptor antagonists inhibit activity of endogenous leukotrienes and decrease tissue eosinophilia it is speculated that these drugs may be useful also in the management of allergic rhinitis. This article is an overview of the publication on the role of leukotrienes in allergic rhinitis and the effect of leukotriene receptor antagonists.
Humans↗
[Clinical efficacy and safety of spiramycin and clarithromycin in the treatment of outpatients with lower respiratory tract infections].
Macrolide antibiotics have a broad spectrum of activities against the common pathogens responsible for lower respiratory tract infections, therefore for over 40 years they have been useful in treatment of these diseases. The aim of this open randomised multicentre trial is to compare the efficacy and safety of spiramycin, one of the first macrolides, to clarithromycin, a new generation macrolide, in their normal condition of use in patient presenting with acute non-complicated lower respiratory tract infections. 55 adult non-hospitalised patients with clinical diagnosis of bronchitis or pneumonia were randomised to receive either spiramycin 3 MIU twice daily or clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily for 7 or 10 days. For clinical evaluable patients, successful outcome was noted for 96.15% (25/26) spiramycin-treated patients and 96.43% (27/28) clarithromycin-treated patients. Clinically significant improvement in signs and symptoms was comparable between treatment groups. 2 patients in the spiramycin group (7.69%) and 3 in clarithromycin group (10.71%) complained of adverse events which severity was mild or moderate and did not require interruption of conducting antibioticotherapy. Efficacy and safety analysis showed that the two macrolides were equally effective and well-tolerated, at the given doses, for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections and may play important role in out-patient therapy of these diseases.
Adult↗
[Regulation of immunoglobulin E synthesis].
Immunoglobulin E plays a central role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Therefore an understanding of mechanisms which regulate production of IgE is very important. Recent studies have demonstrated that the induction of IgE synthesis in B cells requires two signals. The first one, IgE isotype-specific, is delivered by interleukins 4 or 13 and results in epsilon germ line transcription. The second B-cell-activating factor is responsible for switch recombination and expression of mature epsilon RNA transcripts. This signal is delivered by lymphocytes T, but these cells can be replaced by Epstein-Barr virus infection, protein gp39 (CD40L), monoclonal antibodies to CD40 and CD58, membrane-TNF-alpha, as well as corticosteroids. Besides this a variety of factors can modulate the IgE synthesis. Interleukin-2, -5, -6, -9, -10, MIP1-alpha, RANTES and sCD23 enhance the production of IgE whereas PAF, PGE2, IL-8, -12 and 18, IFN-alpha and gamma, TGF-beta, sIL-4R, IL-1Ra, and probably sIL-1R inhibit it. In this article, we review current knowledge about the mechanisms underlying the synthesis of IgE in humans, including molecular events and clinical attempts at reduction of the total IgE level in patients with allergic diseases.
B-Lymphocytes↗
[Mast cells and cytokines--a new insight on the participation of mast cells in inflammatory reactions].
Tissue mast cells are multifunctional immune cells and have been implicated in allergic and inflammatory reactions. They used to be regarded merely as a source of histamine, prostaglandins and leukotrienes which mediated the symptoms of the acute allergic reaction but more recent work has indicated they are involved in many inflammatory reactions. The discovery of production and secretion of a unique array of cytokines by these cells has suggested new ways in which they could influence to the development of inflammation. Many experiments have disclosed that mast cells owning to cytokines can not only initiate but also regulate and modulate this process. With the results come the realisation that these cytokines might represent important effector molecules in a variety of pathologic and physiologic processes where mast cells involvement had been postulated but an understanding of the mechanisms remained obscure. The aim of this article is introduction the biology of mast cells and presentation the information concern production and secretion of cytokines by these cells like also influence of these biologically active molecules on inflammatory process.
Cytokines↗