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Biomedical subjects

I Lang

Publications and source records attributed to I Lang.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels in patients with chronic angina pectoris with or without angiographic evidence of coronary sclerosis.

Increased plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) have been shown to exist in 40 to 60% of patients with stable coronary artery disease and have been suggested to be responsible for the development of coronary thrombotic complications. However, it is also discussed whether PAI-1 elevation might mainly be due to variables like increased age or to reactive mechanisms caused e.g. by the chest pain itself. To exclude age dependent or pain related influences, age-matched patients with stable angina pectoris (NHYA II) and angiographically proven coronary artery disease (CAD, n = 16) or without evidence for coronary sclerosis (variant angina, n = 10; angina-like syndrome with normal coronary angiogram, n = 5; non-CAD, n = 15) have been investigated for their plasma PAI-1 activity and t-PA antigen levels. The mean PAI activity in CAD patients (17.5 U/ml) was significantly higher than in non-CAD patients (9.6 U/ml) (p less than 0.0001). In the CAD patients no significant variation in plasma PAI-1 values could be demonstrated when related to the extent of the disease or to a history of previous myocardial infarction. t-PA antigen was also elevated in CAD patients as compared to the non-CAD group (p less than 0.02). The results suggest therefore a strong correlation between coronary artery disease itself and elevated levels of components of the plasma fibrinolytic system.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term follow-up of pulmonary hypertension of unknown etiology].

Since 1967, 166 patients with primary pulmonary hypertension of unknown etiology have been followed-up at the Department of Cardiology at the University of Vienna. Although an exact etiopathogenetic differentiation was not possible, three groups of patients were identified clinically: patients with so-called primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH)--group 1; patients with pulmonary hypertension induced by anorexipens (aminorex fumarate)--group 2; and patients with pulmonary hypertension due to emboli in the large pulmonary vessels--group 3. In addition to non-invasive echocardiographic assessment of pulmonary pressures, regular cardiac catheterizations were carried out, which revealed right atrial mean pressure, cardiac output, and mixed venous saturation to be prognostic predictive factors. Patients with anorexigen-induced pulmonary hypertension have a clearly better life expectancy than those with PPH. Owing to the temporally limited effect of the pulmonary hypertension-inducing agent, aminorex fumarate (Menocil), patients with anorexigen-induced pulmonary hypertension may be considered a model group for drug-induced vascular pathology.

Aminorex↗
PubMed1988

[Penicillin-induced acute renal failure as a rare severe complication of erysipelas treatment].

Penicillins are the most commonly used antibiotics in dermatology owing to their bacteriocidal effect and the high responsiveness of most bacterial dermatoses to penicillin treatment. Although there is a wide range of adverse reactions to penicillins, severe complications are seen very rarely. We report on two cases of penicillin-induced acute interstitial nephritis and summarize the characteristic features of this serious adverse reaction to penicillin administration.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

The influence of age on human pancreatic growth hormone releasing hormone stimulated growth hormone secretion.

63 non-obese healthy subjects aged 18 to 95 years were investigated for age-dependence of GHRH-stimulated GH-secretion. In addition, priming of GH-secretion with three oral doses of propranolol (3 x 80 mg, the last dose 2 hours prior to the second GHRH-bolus) was carried out in 15 subjects below 40 years and 13 subjects older than 70 years. We found that mean maximal incremental GH-levels were inversely correlated with chronological age (r = -0.44, P = 0.001) of the probands. Propranolol premedication caused a significant rise of both basal and peak GHRH-induced relative increases in all subjects tested, whereas GHRH-induced relative increases of GH remained unchanged. In a well selected group of non-obese healthy subjects stimulated GH-secretion is found to undergo an aging process that is supposed to be of pituitary and suprapituitary origin. Priming GH-secretion with a beta-Blocker is possible both in young and very old healthy subjects and is likely to affect the basal GH secretory tone and not GHRH-stimulated GH-secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Recurrent paradoxical embolism complicating severe thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

A patient with a three-year history of recurrent pulmonary embolism is presented. Thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension was proven in the final stage of disease in the presence of repeated episodes of systemic embolic events. Paradoxical embolism was assumed to be present on the basis of blood-gas analysis and contrast echocardiography that demonstrated a right-to-left shunt at atrial level. Autopsy revealed a patent foramen ovale and provided strong evidence for the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease in a patient with unilateral absence of right pulmonary artery.

A 25-year-old patient had unilateral absence of the right pulmonary artery (UARPA) and severe left pulmonary artery hypertension. After death from congestive right heart failure, autopsy revealed histologic signs of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH). An accessory arterial vessel that was thrombotically occluded was found connecting the ascending aorta and the right pulmonary hilum. There was also histologic evidence of arterial thrombi within the right lung arterial vascular bed. The PH in UARPA usually occurs very early during the course of disease. From histologic findings and medical history, it is likely that in this case, late-onset elevation of pulmonary pressures was triggered by the occurrence of PVOD. This is the first case of UARPA and PVOD--a congenital unilateral arterial malformation in the presence of bilateral involvement in a possibly acquired venous obliterative disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in patients with chronic renal failure.

The recently described human corticotropin-releasing factor was administered to eight patients with chronic renal failure in order to assess hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) function. Acute administration of corticotropin-releasing factor lead to a diminished increase of the basally elevated levels of ACTH and beta-endorphin immunoreactivity in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Basal plasma cortisol concentration was normal in end-stage renal disease; however, considering the corresponding elevated ACTH concentrations, cortisol levels were inadequately low. Thus, the hypothalamus as well as the adrenal gland seems to contribute to the alterations in HPA function observed in patients with chronic renal failure; involvement of the pituitary gland and effects of metabolic alterations cannot be ruled out.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1987

Effects of sex and age on growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone in healthy individuals.

The influence of age and sex on human GH secretion is controversial. In previous studies, serum GH responses to arginine and insulin-induced hypoglycemia were significantly higher in pre- and postovulatory women than in men. In contrast, recent studies suggest that GH responsiveness to GHRH is higher in normal young men than in age-matched women. To clarify the question of sex and age influence on GHRH-(1-44)-stimulated GH secretion, we studied 116 normal women and men (with body mass indexes of 18-25 and 19-26, respectively) between the ages of 18 and 95 yr. The peak serum GH increments after GHRH administration were significantly higher in premenopausal women than in age-matched men (P less than 0.003 for the age group 18-30 yr and P less than 0.03 for the age group 30-50 yr, as assessed by analysis of variance). The responses were not different in postmenopausal women and age-matched men. Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between GHRH-induced GH responses (integrated area under the curve) and age in both women (P less than 0.002) and men (P less than 0.001). In addition, we determined basal serum testosterone, estradiol, cortisol, and PRL levels in all subjects. Multivariate regression analysis of the GH responses to GHRH administration revealed a significant positive correlation (P less than 0.01) between serum estradiol and both GH increase and the area under the GH response curve. No correlation was found between GHRH-stimulated GH secretion and basal serum cortisol, testosterone, or PRL concentrations. Our data clearly demonstrate a marked influence of both sex and age on GHRH-stimulated GH secretion. We found a higher GH increase in premenopausal women compared with age matched-men and an age-dependent decrease in GHRH-stimulated GH secretion in both sexes. Furthermore, in women a significant influence of estradiol on GH secretion after GHRH administration could be demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Successful treatment of antimony-resistant cutaneous leishmaniasis].

We report the case of a patient who acquired cutaneous leishmaniasis in Israel, with multiple lesions on the face and wrists. The diagnosis was made several months after the onset of disease. We observed large multiple ulcers, which at first responded to sodium stibogluconate (600 mg daily for 2 weeks). After initially decreasing in size, the lesions remained unchanged. Several weeks later clinical exacerbation of the cutaneous leishmaniasis was observed. Fearing late complications on the upper eyelid, we administered two 2-week courses of ketoconazole, 800 mg daily. The early and rapid improvement achieved indicates that ketoconazole was successful in this case of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Molecular mobility and nucleocytoplasmic flux in hepatoma cells.

Fluorescence microphotolysis (photobleaching) was used to measure, in single polyethylene glycol-induced polykaryons of hepatoma tissue culture cells, nucleocytoplasmic flux and intracellular mobility for a series of dextrans ranging in molecular mass from 3 to 150 kD and for bovine serum albumin. For the dextrans, the cytoplasmic and the nucleoplasmic translational diffusion coefficients amounted to approximately 9 and approximately 15%, respectively, of the value in dilute buffer. The diffusion coefficients depended inversely on molecular radius, suggesting that diffusion was dominated by viscosity effects. By application of the Stokes-Einstein equation, cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic viscosities were derived to be 6.6 and 8.1 cP, respectively, at 23 degrees C. Between 10 and 37 degrees C nucleoplasmic diffusion coefficients increased by approximately 45-85%, whereas cytoplasmic diffusion coefficients were virtually independent of temperature. In contrast to that of the dextrans, diffusion of bovine serum albumin was more restricted. In the cytoplasm the diffusion coefficient was approximately 1.5% of the value in dilute buffer; in the nucleus albumin was largely immobile. This indicated that albumin mobility is dominated by association with immobile cellular structures. Nucleocytoplasmic flux of dextrans depended inversely on molecular mass with an exclusion limit between 17 and 41 kD. This agrees with previous measurements on primary hepatocytes (Peters, R., 1984, EMBO [Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.] J. 3:1831-1836), suggesting that in both cell types the nuclear envelope has properties of a molecular sieve with a functional pore radius of approximately 55 A.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Depressed lectin-dependent and enhanced antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in patients with stage I cancer of the larynx.

Lectin-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (LDCC) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with stage I cancer of the larynx (LC) was evaluated using human adherent 3H-TdR-prelabeled HEp-2 carcinoma cells as targets at 50:1 effector-target ratio with 25 micrograms/ml concanavalin A (Con A) in a 24-hour assay. Under these conditions, but without Con A, no considerable natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity (NCMC) was performed by PBMC either from control or from LC donors. Depressed levels of LDCC, but augmented ADCC to chicken red blood cells were detected in LC patients. Natural killer activity to K562 targets was not different from that of control subjects. In parallel studies, normal Con A-induced blastogenesis and B cell counts, low T, and active T cell counts, as well as high Leu-11a+ cell counts were detected in patients with LC. The relationship between depressed LDCC and low T, and active T cell counts, and enhanced ADCC and high Leu-11a+ cell counts is suggested in stage I LC patients.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1986

[The spectrum of transient acantholytic dermatoses].

In reviewing the literature, we made an attempt to expand the term "transient acantholytic dermatosis" (TAD) beyond the criteria of classical Grover's disease to a broader spectrum of diseases and to systematically categorize the variety of reported clinical pictures. Moreover, we endeavoured to separate these conditions from Darier's and Hailey-Hailey's disease and from immunofluorescence-positive acantholytic dermatoses. Three patients of our own are presented with a heretofore undescribed bullous exanthematic variant.

Acantholysis↗