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I Lazúrová

Publications and source records attributed to I Lazúrová.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Autoimmune thyropathies in diabetics].

Autoimmune thyropathies are frequent in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Some recently published papers confirm similarly high prevalence of autoimmune thyropathies also in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is the most frequent form of autoimmune thyropathies. Authors examined 79 accidentally selected diabetics (38 women and 41 men, x = 55.4 +/- 2.8). Diabetic patients were divided into three groups. 20 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus - classical form were the first group, 12 patients with LADA were the second group and 47 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus constituted the third group. Authors diagnosed chronic autoimmune thyroiditis in 8 (40 %) patients in the group of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, in 6 (50%) in the group of patients with LADA and in 20 (43%) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. They didn't find out statistically more frequent prevalence of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis in all groups of patients with diabetes (patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, patients with LADA, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus) in comparison with control group of non-diabetic subjects. They found out statistically significant more frequent prevalence of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis in diabetics of woman gender and in diabetics with positive family history of thyropathies. Results of paper confirm recommendation of examining once or twice a year autoantibodies against thyroid gland and level of thyrotropin (TSH) with the aim of early finding of laboratory manifestation of thyroidal autoimmunity or developing functional disorder.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2006

Adrenal incidentalomas and the metabolic syndrome--are there any differences between adenoma and hyperplasia?

Authors evaluated the prevalence of symptoms of the metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in 25 patients with adrenal incidentalomas (10 men, 15 women) of the mean age 57.9+/-15 years. 15 patients had adrenal adenoma determined by CT or MR scan and 10 had unilateral or bilateral hyperplasia. The prevalence of obesity was 72%, arterial hypertension 60%, diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance 28%, hyperlipidemia 56% and hyperuricemia 20%, respectively, which is more frequent occurrence than that in normal human population. Patients with adrenal adenomas had mildly but significantly higher body mass index (BMI, p<0.05) and insulin resistance calculated as HOMA IR (p<0.05) and FIRI (p<0.05) and significantly higher values of serum ferritin (p<0.01). Plasma cortisol values were slightly but not significantly higher in the group with adrenal adenomas. Authors conclude that adrenal adenomas are probably more related to the metabolic syndrome than adrenal hyperplasia.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2006

[Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and connective tissue system diseases].

Autoimmune thyroiditis is often related to non-specific autoimmune organ diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or polymyalgia rheumatica. Etiology of autoimmune diseases has not been clearly discovered yet. In many aspects, mechanisms leading to organ-specific autoimmune diseases are identic with mechanisms causing organ-nonspecific autoimmune disease. In many cases genetic disposal combined with specific antigens can be seen. Another possible factor in terms of endogenesis is genus. External factors are important too, such as undergoing infection, stress situations, exposion to ultraviolet radiation. Authors of this work summarize facts about chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and system connective tissue disease. The most literature supports more frequent appearance of these diseases, while the thyroiditis can appear both in clinical form with typical symptoms and in subclinical form.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed2006

[Affection of cardiovascular system in diabetic patients with thyroid dysfunctions].

Affection of cardiovascular system is one of the most frequent and--especially in higher age groups--the most serious clinical manifestations of thyroid dysfunction. Moreover, diabetics, mainly type 2 diabetes patients, have a marked predisposition to cardiovascular diseases, especially to atherosclerosis and its visceral complications. Simultaneous occurrence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and thyroid dysfunctions involves a very high risk of development and progression of various forms of cardiovascular diseases. There are two basal aspects of the influence of hypothyreosis on cardiovascular system. Decreasing basal metabolism in the whole organism reduces requirements on the cardiovsuclar system. The second aspect of the influence of hypothyreosis on the cardiovascular system is its atherogenic effect. Hypothyreosis in diabetics accelerates the development of chronic, primarily macroangiopathic complications. As opposed to hypothyreosis, the clinical picture of which is not characterised by cardiovascular system disorders, cardiac involvement in patients with hyperthyreosis is more pronounced. In older diabetics hyperthyreosis is often manifested only by cardiovascular symptomatology. Subclinical hyperthyreosis in DM patients may stimulate cardiac function and increase the risk of atrial fibrillation.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed2004

Adrenal myelolipoma. 6 cases and a review of the literature.

Adrenal myelolipoma is an uncommon, benign and hormonally inactive tumor. Most lesions are asymptomatic and usually are discovered incidentally at autopsy studies. Authors report on 6 patients (5 women, 1 man) with adrenal myelolipomas (5 right, 1 left), analyze their morphological findings and association with an adrenal hormonal overproduction. Five of the patients underwent surgery because of tumor size, in 3 of them histological evaluation confirmed myelolipoma and in 2 cases an adrenocortical adenoma with foci of myelolipoma. All the patients were asymptomatic and in 4 cases hormonal overproduction was not found. One female patient has oveproduction of dehydroepiandrosteron-sulphate (DHEAS) indicating a 3beta hydroxylase deficiency in this tumor and 1 patient has primary aldosteronism with a histological finding of an association of adrenocortical adenoma with foci of myelolipoma. Neither Cushings syndrome nor congenital adrenal hyperplasia were present in our group of patients.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed2002

[Prolactin levels before and after stimulation with thyroliberin in primary hypothyroidism].

The authors examined the concentration of thyrotropic hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) before and after stimulation with synthetic thyroliberine (0.2 mg TRH i.v.) in a group of 72 women with primary hypothyroidism (mean age 45 years, range 17-69 years) and 12 controls (mean age 35 years, range 17-49 years). According to the total thyroxin concentrations (TT4) and TSH they divided the group into three smaller subgroups: developed primary hypothyroidism (n = 8, mean age 50 years, TT4 < 65 nmol/l, basal TSH concentration > 15.0 mIU/l nmol/l), subclinical hypothyroidism, severe grade (n = 23, mean age 36 years, TT4 > 65 nmol/l, basal TSH concentration < 4.5 mIU/l), subclinical hypothyroidism mild degree (n = 39, mean age 42 years, TT4 > 65 nmol/l, basal TSH concentration < 4.5 mIU/l, TSH after TRH stimulation > 25 mIU/l). Mean basal PRL concentrations were in all three patient groups significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.01) but mutually they did not differ significantly. Poststimulation PRL concentrations were also significantly higher than in controls however the values in developed hypothyroidism were significantly higher than in subclinical patients. No correlation was found between TSH and PRL concentrations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Hyperinsulinemia and disorders of the menstrual cycle].

Hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance are usually associated phenomena of obesity and the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO syndrome). On the other hand the PCO syndrome and obesity are often associated with disorders of the menstrual cycle and/or sterility. The authors examined 35 women aged 21 to 38 years (x = 27 +/- 4.4) with a history of anovulation cycles and/or sterility. 24 of them (68.6%) suffered from PCO syndrome. Their mean BMI was 28.95 kg/m2. 11 patients had a normal body weight, 6 were overweight and 18 were obese. The authors used the oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) and during minute 0 and 120 blood samples were collected for assessment of the blood sugar and plasma insulin. Insulin levels in minute 0 (Io above 20 and in minute 120 (I120) above 65 uIU/ml were classified as hyperinsulinaemia. In the follicular stage of the anovulation cycle the authors assessed FSH, LH, testosterone, progesterone and prolactin. Hyperinsulinaemia ws recorded in 16 of 35 women. The mean insulin level at minute 0 was 11.9 +/- 1.3 and during minute 120 54.2 +/- 8.1 uIU/ml. The authors found significant differences in levels of I0 (6.4 +/- 1.2 vs. 16.1 +/- 1.9 uIU/ml, p < 0.01) and I120 (17.5 +/- 3 vs. 71.3 +/- 10.3 uIU/ml, p < 0.01) between obese and non-obese patients, Also in patients with the PCO there was a statistically significant difference in insulin levels of slim (BMI less than 25) as compared with obese women (BMI more than 30) (p < 0.01). A positive correlation was found between insulin levels and BMI (p < 0.01) and a liminal correlation between insulin and testosterone (p = 0.05). Patients with hyperinsulinaemia were treated with oral antidiabetics from the group of biguanides--metformin for a period of three months. During metformin treatment the insulin level declined and subsequently the menstrual cycle became normal in 11 of 16 patients with hyperinsulinaeia (68.7%), incl. two women who became pregnant. The results indicate a possible new indication of metformin in the treatment of ovarian hyperandrogenism in insulin resistant patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Obesity and disorders of the menstrual cycle].

Obesity, the result of combined genetic and environmental factors, is in recent decades one of the most frequent diseases and is encountered mainly in Europe and North America. In women it is associated with the risk of several diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular diseases, sleep apnoea syndromee, breast cancer, cancer of the uterus and also with impairment of reproductive functions. Already during the last century some observations confirmed that a very low or very high body weight is more frequently associated with disorders of the menstrual cycle (MC), infertility and poor reproductive capacity. However only during the last decades the pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms of this relationship were gradually elucidated. The main factors which influences the menstrual cycle in obesity are: impaired estrogen metabolism, changes in the concentration of sex hormone binding globulin, hyperinsulinaemia, and probably also leptin levels.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2000

[Endothelins--physiology, pathophysiology and importance in arterial hypertension].

Endothelins are peptide tissue hormones with a powerful vasoconstrictor effect. The most important one among them, endothelin-1, is the most powerful vasoconstrictor substance in the human organism which causes constriction of the blood vessels, in particular renal, coronary, pulmonary and cerebral arteries, bronchioles, and inhibits the secretion of atrial natriuretic factor and vasopressin. Because of these effects importance in the pathogenesis of some diseases is ascribed to it, e.g. myocardial infarction, cardiac failure, asthma bronchiale, Raynaud a syndrome, renovascular disease, cyclosporin-induced nephrotoxicity and cerebrovascular attacks. Although there is little direct evidence on the role of endothelins in arterial hypertension, some authors prove its importance at least in some of its forms, e.g. salt sensitivity, or in complications of hypertension. The results of experimental and human studies with antagonists of endothelin receptors and endothelin-converting enzyme blockers also support the role of endothelin in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The use of these antagonists in the treatment of hypertension calls however for further long-term studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Catecholamine plasma levels during the tilt-table test in patients with vasovagal syncope].

BACKGROUND: The head-up tilt test (HUT) makes it possible to diagnose vasovagal syncope. The objective of the trial was to follow up changes of catecholamine plasma levels during HUT and test their importance in the pathogenesis of vasovagal syncope. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 25 patients with syncope of obscure etiology during HUT the noradrenalin, adrenalin and dopamine levels were followed up. In 125 patients (8 men and 7 women, mean age 34.3 years) HUT was positive. The control group was formed by 10 patients with negative HUT (4 men, 6 women, mean age 41.1 years). The catecholamine levels were assessed by the method of high resolution liquid chromatography during minutes 0, 5 and after completion of the test (i.e. during development of the syncope or the 45th minute). On comparison by the t-test no statistically significant difference between the group with vasovagal syncope and the control group was found. Noradrenalin 0 min: 186.4 +/- 61.6 pg/ml vs. 190.5 +/- 67.4 pg/ml (n.s.), 5th min. 506.3 +/- 178.9 pg/ml vs. 566.8 +/- 195.6 pg/ml (n.s.), end of test 457.3 +/- 154.1 pg/ml vs. 352.3 +/- 169.9 pg/ml (n.s.). Adrenalin 0 min. 54.0 +/- 12.6 pg/ml vs. 54.9 +/- 13.6 pg/ml (n.s.), 5th min. 114.3 +/- 35.6 pg/ml vs. 128.1 +/- 41.0 pg/ml n.s., end of test 98.2 +/- 40.6 vs. 783 +/- 31.2 pg/ml (n.s.). Dopamine 0 min. 113.9 +/- 36.5 pg/ml vs. 158.4 +/- 67.2 pg/ml (n.s.), 5th min. 318.1 +/- 72.7 vs. 328.5 +/- 119.7 pg/ml (n.s.), end of test 279.4 +/- 93.8 pg/ml vs. 231.7 +/- 98.5 pg/ml (n.s.). CONCLUSIONS: Catecholamine plasma levels in patients with vasovagal syncope did not differ from the control group. The importance of catecholamines in the pathogenesis of vasovagal syncope thus cannot be confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

A study of the renal sodium excretion during the normal menstrual cycle using method of passive leg rising.

12 healthy women (age 18-38 years) were examined using the 2-hour's method of passive leg rising (PLR) in follicular (FP) and luteal (LP) phases of normal ovulatory cycle. Renal and hormonal response to PLR was investigated. There was a significant increase of diuresis (from 53 +/- 9 ml/h to 298 +/- 27 ml/h in FP, from 69 +/- 12 to 324 +/- 28 ml/h in LP) and natriuresis (from 4.5 +/- 0.9 to 9.8 +/- 1 mmol/h in FP, from 5.7 +/- 0.3 to 12.1 +/- 1.1 mmol/h in LP), simultaneously with a decrease of plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone (PA) in both FP and LP. Baseline PRA was mildly and PA was significantly higher in LP compared to FP. Urinary osmolarity, heart rate and systolic blood pressure dropped significantly. Renal and hormonal response to PLR were identical in the two phases of the menstrual cycle. Authors conclude that 1/PLR causes significant diuresis and natriuresis due to central volume expansion and may be used as a simple stimulating test of renal sodium excretion, 2/renal sodium retention does not occur in the LP of normal ovulatory cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and serum lipoproteins in patients with essential hypertension].

The authors investigated the relationship between the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and serum lipid levels in patients with essential hypertension (EH). They examined 72 patients with EH stage I and II WHO classification (group A, n = 72, age bracket 16-70 years). They investigated the plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone (PA) and total cholesterol (TCH), HDL, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides (TG). They divided the group into three sub-groups according to the PRA into low (L), normal (N) and high renin groups (H) In the whole group they did not find significant differences in the lipid levels in relation to PRA. They selected from the group patients older than 40 years (group B) and in those they recorded significantly higher TCH levels in group H as compared with normal (N) (p < 0.05) and L (p < 0.05) and significantly higher LDL levels in group H as compared with L (p < 0.01). They found a significant direct relationship between PRA and TCH (p < 0.05) and between PRA and LDL (p < 0.01), a liminal relationship between PA and TCH (p = 0.05). They did not find a significant relationship between the RAAS activity and HDL or TG. The authors conclude that patients with EH above 40 years and high PRA a markedly greater hyperlipoproteinaemia as compared with the low- or normal-renin group. This may partly explain the higher incidence of cardiovascular complications in high-renin EH reported by some authors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Conn's syndrome and severe arrhythmias].

In the submitted case-history the authors describe Conn's syndrome. A solitary cortical adenoma was involved manifested at first by so-called "lone" atrial fibrillation (idiopathic without organic causes). The trigger factor of the life threatening ventricular tachycardia were variable values of serum potassium and treatment of atrial fibrillation by anti-arrhythmic drugs.

Adrenocortical Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

[Changes in thrombocyte aggregation in primary hypothyroidism].

The authors examined the thrombocyte aggregation in 10 controls and 17 patients with the diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism before and after 2 months substitution treatment with levothyroxine. They recorded a significantly reduced intensity of the aggregation response in untreated patients as compared with controls after adrenaline (p < 0.01), ADP (p < 0.01) but not after ristocetin. Impaired thrombocyte aggregation was observed in 11 of 17 patients, i.e. in 65%. After treatment the thrombocytopathy improved in 7 of 11 patients (63%), in four it persisted. Except one female patient the thrombocytopathy improved in all patients with manifest hypothyroidism. In patients with the latent form of hypothyroidism probably an independent coincidence of elevated TSH levels and impaired thrombocyte function was involved. The authors did not detect any cases of acquired von Willebrand's disease. In the conclusion the authors mention that impaired thrombocyte aggregation is a frequent phenomenon after thyroxine treatment. It may be of clinical significance when combined with other changes of haemostasis or in conjunction with the use of some drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The clinical picture of latent hypothyroidism in women].

The authors investigated the most frequent clinical symptoms in a group of 132 women with latent hypothyroidism (mean age 40.2 years, incl. 102 women younger than 45 years). They assessed the diagnosis on the basis of an excessive TSH response after administration of 0.2 mg thyreoliberin by the i.v. route (TRH test), while the thyroxine values were normal (TSH 0 min.: 4.93 +/- 3.55, TSH after 20 min. following TRH: 39.27 +/- 18.28 mIU/ml, T4: 102.0 +/- 25.02 nmol/l). Forty-one patients (31%) had goitrectomy in the case-history. USG examination of 70 patients revealed goitre in 13 (18.6%) reduced echogenity of the thyroid gland in 20 (28.6%) and microcysts in 31 (44.2%) of the patients. Analysis of the clinical symptoms revealed manifestations of a depressive symptomatology in 56 patients (40.3%), benign mammary dysplasia in 39 patients (29%). In the subgroup of women younger than 45 years an impaired menstrual cycle was recorded in 49 (48%) and galactorrhoea in 10 patients (9.8%). After thyroid substitution (L-thyroxine 50 micrograms/day) they observed in the majority normalization of the menstrual cycle and partial improvement of depressive manifestations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Latent hypothyroidism--a minor laboratory variation or a disease?].

Latent hypothyreosis is a state which is characteristic by normal values of thyroid hormones (T3, T4) and moderately increased values of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or extensive response of TSH after stimulation with thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH-test). The characteristic symptoms include goitre, symptoms of mammary glands (galactorrhea, benign mammary dysplasia), impairment of menstruation cycle and fertility and psychic disturbances (depressive symptomatology, deterioration of memory). The characteristic laboratory alterations include increased basal or stimulated values of prolactin and impairment of lipoprotein metabolism (significant decrease of HDL, increase of LDL). This aspect often makes the indication of substitution therapy justified in spite of normal concentrations of peripheral hormones. (Ref. 26).

Humans↗
PubMed1995

[Neurohumoral activity in liver cirrhosis].

The authors assessed in 40 patients with cirrhosis of the liver and in 33 controls the plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone (PA), the atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and the digoxin like activity (DLA) in plasma under basal conditions. In patients with cirrhosis of the liver they found significantly lower levels of PRA, PA and DLA, as compared with the control group, the ANF levels were not significantly altered. In the group with cirrhosis the highest neuroendocrine activity was recorded, in particular of PRA and PA in decompensated cirrhotics receiving diuretic treatment. Therefore it is useful to combine diuretics with preparations or measures which reduce the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and/or promote the activity of natriuretic substances. The authors found a negative correlation between PRA and SNa, PRA and UNaV, while ANF did not correlate with natriuresis. The main determinant of Na excretion in decompensated cirrhosis is the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. DLA plasma levels also correlated inversely with SNa values and Na excretion and thus also reflect the severity of fluid retention.

Adult↗