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Biomedical subjects

I Lie

Publications and source records attributed to I Lie.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Visual functions and acute ingestion of alcohol.

In a placebo-controlled experiment comprising 22 healthy men (mean age 27.4 years), we investigated the influence of three breath levels of blood alcohol (BrAC; 0.0%, 0.05% and 0.1%) upon distant visual acuity, stereoacuity, contrast sensitivity, accommodation, resting focus of accommodation and binocular vision. Positive (PRA) and negative accommodation (NRA) and resting focus of accommodation showed no significant changes with increasing BrAC. Compared to the placebo condition, visual acuity and refraction were only significantly affected at a breath alcohol level of 0.1%. Contrast sensitivity, stereoacuity and binocular vision were affected both at BrAC 0.05% and BrAC 0.1%. Only the higher spatial frequencies of contrast sensitivity were affected.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1994

VDT work, oculomotor strain, and subjective complaints: an experimental and clinical study.

Two studies, one experimental and one clinical, are presented. Study I examines the effect of three hours of continuous VDT work (text-editing) on a set of optometric and health-related variables in an experimental design with two matched groups, one experimental (n = 18) and one control group (n = 19). Doing the same keyboard activities for 3 h as the experimental group, the control group was looking out of a window instead of at the display while working (distance viewing). There were significant group differences in work related effects on the eyes' ciliary and extraocular muscles and on subjective symptoms, indicating that not only visual symptoms but also muscle pain in the head, neck, and upper back regions may result from near-point induced oculomotor strain. Study II shows the health effect of optical corrections on symptomatic VDT workers (n = 14). There is a significant pre-post reduction in symptoms, indicating that visual anomalies contribute to work-related symptoms. The results of both studies are discussed in a visual ecological perspective.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The influence of long-term visual near-work on accommodation and vergence: a field study.

A study of the influence of sustained, visual near-work upon a set of oculomotor functions (ZCSV i.e. Zone of Clear Single Vision) was carried out on a randomly drawn group (N = 43) of young, female, healthy and experienced accountants (mean age 24.6 years) who were daily engaged in full-time interactive VDT work. PRA (Positive Relative Accommodation), NRA (Negative Relative Accommodation), PRC (Positive Relative Convergence) and NRC (Negative Relative Convergence) was measured twice: 1) in the morning before the subjects started work and 2) at the end of the working day. Results showed significant reductions in the four ZCSV components over the working day. Vergence reductions accounted for over 60% of the ZCSV changes.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1992

Time factors in VDT-induced myopia and visual fatigue: an experimental study.

In an experimental design with two matched groups (n = 13 and n = 17) working 2 and 4 hr respectively, followed by a 15-min restitution time, the study examined the effect of continuous VDT work on 1) visual acuity, refraction and oculomotor functions (ZCSV: zone of clear, single vision) and 2) the effect of 15-min restitution time on the oculomotor functions (ZCSV). In both groups there were a significant reduction in visual acuity, refraction changes in myopic direction and reduced ciliar and vergence muscle capacity. The ZCSV changes were temporary and a 15-min restitution period restored approximately half of the ZCSV changes. There were no significant differences between 2 or 4 hr of VDT work on any of the variables examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Long-term stability of prism correction of heterophorics and heterotropics; a 5 year follow-up. Part I: Heterophorics.

Twenty heterophoric and 10 heterotropic patients with long standing severe visual symptoms were corrected with prisms for permanent wearing using the full-correction method of H.-J. Haase. The patients were reexamined 1 and 5 years after completion of treatment. Stable corrections obtained by stepwise optical full-correction were also maintained during a follow-up period of 5 years. Sensory and motor adaptations were largely removed and asymptomatic binocular vision was obtained for nearly all patients. A few cases of partly irreversible amblyopia were indicated, but even in these cases largely normal binocular functions were attained. When glasses were suspended, sensory and motor readaptations took place.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Oculomotor factors in the aetiology of occupational cervicobrachial diseases (OCD).

The traditional posture-ergonomic perspective on the aetiology of Occupational Cervicobrachial Disease (OCD) is discussed and criticized in the light of present knowledge of oculomotor strain during sustained visual work at short distances. Two experiments on ocularly induced neck muscular tension are reported. In both experiments EMG's were taken from six different muscles in the head, neck and shoulder region during a visual discrimination task. In Experiment 1, accommodation and fusion requirements were systematically varied by changing viewing distance in combination with the application of minus-lenses and base-out prisms. EMG was shown to increase as a function of accommodation and fusion load. In Experiment 2, a clinical population with severe and long lasting neck and shoulder problems and inappropriate optical corrections was studied with the same experimental design. EMG was shown to decrease when habitual corrections were replaced by more appropriate ones.

Arm↗
PubMed1985

Long-term acceptance of prisms by heterophorics.

Forty-six heterophoric clients with long standing severe visual symptoms were corrected with prisms for permanent wearing using the full-correction procedure of Haase. With 80% of clients the prism power had to be increased one or more times until a permanent correction power was reached. With all clients permanent powers were attained, basic optometric functions were improved and subjective complaints were reduced. The correction status and improvements were maintained during long term follow-up.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1977

Relation of visual acuity to illumination, contrast, and distance in the partially sighted.

Visual acuity (minimum target size for threshold visibility) was measured as a function of luminance, contrast, and distance in experiments using 16 partially sighted persons. The results indicate large individual differences in dependence of visual acuity on both luminance and contrast. Visual acuity often failed to change systematically with variations in the testing distance; the effects of contrast and luminence on visual acuity also frequently failed to show any systematic dependence on viewing distance. The relation of acuity in the partially sighted to medical diagnosis is discussed along with some practical implications.

Albinism↗