Biomedical subjects
I M Bush
Publications and source records attributed to I M Bush.
Urgent: drug recall.
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Suppression of cytophilic antibody ('arming' factor) in the sera of patients with prostatic cancer by human seminal plasma.
The 'arming' of normal peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) by cytophilic antibody in the sera of prostatic cancer patients is suppressed by pretreatment of PBL with normal human seminal plasma (HuSPl). Suppression of cytophilic antibody by HuSPl extends the spectrum of immunologic reactions on which SPl has an immunosuppressive effect and may provide further insight into the possible role of SPl in the natural history of prostatic cancer.
Immunosuppression of cell- and serum-medicated tumour-associated immunity in prostatic cancer by human seminal plasma.
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Effect of human seminal plasma on tumour-associated immunity in patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
Tumour-associated antigen-induced leukocyte adherence inhibition has been used as an in vitro criterion for evaluating the effect of normal human seminal plasma (HuSePl) on cell-mediated anti-tumour-associated immunity in patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Significant (P < 0.01) suppression from the reactivity obtained with unincubated patients' leukocytes to allogenic extracts of malignant prostatic tissue ranging from 16 to 80% was observed in 22 of 25 patients (88%) following preincubation of their leukocytes with HuSePl. The observed suppression of tumour-associated immunity in the presence of HuSePl provides further evidence for the suppressive activity of SePl on a range of in vitro immune response in normal murine and human hosts. It is suggested that these results, together with those demonstrating experimental prostatic cancer from sensitization by spermatozoa and the relationship of prostatic cancer to repression of sexual activity, provide preliminary evidence of the possible participation of SePl as contributory to the natural history of prostatic cancer.
Suppression of tumor-associated immunity by human seminal plasma and its possible role in the natural history of prostatic cancer.
The immunosuppressive properties of the hormonal and/or secretory milieu or tumor-elaborated factors (in the case of carcinoma) of the prostate have been hypothesized as contributory to the natural history of prostatic cancer. The effect of normal human seminal plasma (HuSP1) on immunity to tumor-associated antigens in patients with prostatic cancer has been evaluated by leukocyte adherence inhibition, a suggested in vitro correlate of cellular immunity. Significant (p less than 0.01) suppression of immunity to malignant prostate ranging from 16 to 80% of the level of reactivity obtained with unincubated patients' leukocytes was observed in 22 (88%) of 25 patients following preincubation of their leukocytes with HuSP1. Suppression of tumor-associated immunity by HuSP1 provides further evidence to studies by other demonstrating SP1 suppression of a range of immune responses in normal murine and human hosts. In addition to the possible biological implications of the immunosuppressive properties of SP1, e.g., as directed toward preservation of the species, whereby under normal conditions tolerance to spermatozoa in the male tract and in the female tract, following coitus, is maintained, it is hypothesized on the basis of collation of studies demonstrating experimental prostatic cancer from sensitization by spermatozoa and the relationship of prostatic cancer to repression of sexual activity, that SP1 may play a significant role in the natural history of prostatic cancer.
Effect of human seminal plasma on tumour-associated immunity in prostatic cancer. A preliminary report.
Evidence of significant suppression of tumour-associated immunity in patients with prostatic cancer by human seminal plasma (HuSPl) has been observed. Collation of the immunosuppressive property of HuSPl in this and previous studies, together with recent studies demonstrating experimental induction of prostatic cancer by spermatozoa and the relationship of prostatic cancer to sexual activity are suggestive of an etiologic role for SPl in prostatic cancer.
A unified approach to management of genitourinary trauma.
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Modulatory effects of oestrogen on immunologic responsiveness. I. Inhibition of DNA synthesis in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with Peyronie's disease, prostatic cancer and transsexuals and a commentary.
A reduction in the phytohaemagglutinin-induced transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with Peyronie's disease and prostate cancer and transsexuals cultured in autologous and homologous serum following the receipt of oestrogen therapy has been observed. Reduction of lymphocyte transformation in patients with prostatic cancer and without malignancy receiving oestrogen, i.e., Peyronie's disease and transsexuals, suggests that this reduction is related to the mode of therapy rather than to malignancy or a particular pathologic state. No direct evidence exists that the observed in vitro aberrations of lymphocytic responsiveness are reflective of host compromise, but these observations are of potential relevance in terms of their implications in the therapeutic management of patients with prostatic cancer and other hormonally-dependent tumours, e.g., of the breast, as well as responsive diseases, through their effect on cellular immunocompetence and suitability of hormonally treated patients as prospective candidates for adjuvant immunotherapy. The possible relevance of the present observations to the suggested association between uterine cancer and prolonged administration of diethylstilboesterol, as well as that between development of vaginal tumours in offspring and maternal ingestion during pregnancy, also remains of potential concern, pending further investigation.
Complications and undesirable results of sex-reassignment surgery in male-to-female transsexuals.
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Inhibition of leukocyte migration by extracts of malignant prostatic tissue and correlation of degree of in vitro sensitization to clinical responsiveness in prostatic cancer patients.
In an attempt to evaluate the degree of in vitro cellular sensitization to tumor and its relationship to clinical responsiveness, direct leukocyte migration tests were carried out in patients with varying degrees of adenocarcinoma of the prostate employing pooled allogeneic extracts of normal, benign, and malignant prostatic tissue as a source of antigen. Cell-mediated immunity to presumably common prostatic tumor associated antigens was observed. The degree of sensitization of clinically significant specific reactivity of the patients' leukocytes to malignant prostatic tissue was greatest in patients with localized disease, low-grade tumor, and clinically inactive disease than in patients with advanced disease, high-grade tumor, and clinically active disease. Evaluation of the possible correlation of specific reactivity to malignant prostatic tissue as a prognostic index of clinical responsiveness revealed a positive correlation with the degree of sensitization in 3 (43 per cent) of 7 patients. Correlation in 4 patients was questionable because of observations of "stimulation" of migration rather than inhibition, suggested by some to be reflective of weak sensitization to tumor. Evaluation of a larger patient population as well as a prospective study of the relationship of the degree of sensitization and clinical responsiveness will be necessary before any definitive conclusions may be drawn regarding the present observations.
Biphasic effect of cryosurgery of the prostate on lymphocyte proliferation.
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Responsiveness of lymphocytes to soluble extracts of prostatic tumors and abrogation by serum-blocking factor(s).
Preliminary evidence is presented suggestive of antitumor immunity, cross reactive with allogeneic extracts from tumors of the same type, and serum-blocking factor(s), which appear to be specific to autologous tumor only, in patients with prostatic cancer employing the method of leukocyte adherence inhibition.
Alterations in host responsiveness in patients with prostatic cancer following cryosurgery or transurethral resection.
Anesthesia, stress, trauma or the operation per se have been reported to result in alterations of host resistance in a wide range of diseases. The effect of such changes on the thymolymphatic system of patients with prostatic cancer is not known. While evaluating in vitro parameters of cellular immunologic responsiveness in patients with prostatic cancer, we have observed a depression two to seven days following cryosurgery or transurethral resection (TUR) of the proliferation of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Contrary to the reduced proliferation of PBL cultured in autologous and homologous serum from patients receiving TUR, patients receiving cryosurgery, while also showing reduction in autologous serum, showed increased responsiveness when cultured in homologous serum. Although transient, depression of lymphocyte proliferation, particularly if involving tumor-cloned T-cells, may provide reduced surveillance to potential metastatic tumor cells leading to an alteration of tumor-host homeostasis. The potential of reduced surveillance, at least in the case of TUR, appears to be supported by observations that patients dying from prostatic cancer at our institution had an antecedent TUR. Identifying those patients with changes in responsiveness before surgery, as well as those prone to develop or undergo further reductions in responsiveness after surgery, would appear to be relevant in the management of patient with prostatic as well as other malignancies. Pre- and/or postoperative immunotherapy in such patients may be indicated.
The effect of transurethral resection of the prostate on lymphocyte response in patients with prostatic cancer.
The following study indicates that transurethral resection may affect the in vivo cellular aspects of the immune response in patients with prostatic cancer. This in vivo result seems to be supported by the fact that patients dying of carcinoma of the prostate at our institution usually had had an antecedent transurethral resection. Therefore, we emphasize that transurethral resection in patients with prostate cancer should be undertaken with clear-cut indications and with the knowledge that it may be an insult to the patient's immune system.
Impotence therapy and cancer of the prostate.
Prostate cancer developed in two male patients being treated with fluoxymesterone for erectile impotence. It is suggested that the current increased interest in and therapy for sexual dysfunction be accompanied by an awareness of a possible causal relationship between exogenous androgens and prostrate cancer.
Immunostaging in carcinoma of prostate.
Immunostaging is a new method of assessing patients immunologically before and after immunotherapy. Twenty-eight patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate were immunostaged independently by two investigators. There was a positive correlation between both immunostagings. There was also a positive correlation between the patient's immunostage and the clinical stage of his cancer.