Biomedical subjects

I M Khatri

Publications and source records attributed to I M Khatri.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1985

Initial and long-term effects of prazosin on sympathetic vasopressor responses in essential hypertension.

In 10 untreated hypertensive patients who received an initial dose of 3 to 5 mg prazosin, supine blood pressure (BP) decreased significantly, from an average of 171 +/- 24/96 +/- 10 to 157 +/- 22/90 +/- 10 mm Hg (p less than 0.025). The Valsalva overshoot, response to cold pressor test and digital vasoconstrictor response to a deep breath were not inhibited. However, during 55 degrees passive headup tilt there was a significant decrease in BP. Seven patients received prazosin for a period of 3 months. After long-term therapy BP returned to baseline levels and a dose of prazosin similar to that given initially produced an average decrease in BP from 174 +/- 20/101 +/- 8 to 167 +/- 23/99 +/- 7 mm Hg. Upright tilting no longer resulted in a decrease in BP. The Valsalva overshoot, cold pressor test and digital vasoconstrictor responses remained unchanged. Orthostatic hypotension after the first dose of prazosin without blockade of the other sympathetic reflex responses suggests that the drug has a greater blocking effect on capacitance vessels than on resistance vessels. Prazosin showed a loss of antihypertensive effectiveness during long-term treatment.

Blood Pressure↗

PubMed1983

Diuretic-induced hypokalemia in uncomplicated systemic hypertension: effect of plasma potassium correction on cardiac arrhythmias.

Sixteen patients with diuretic-induced hypokalemia underwent 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring during and after correction of hypokalemia. Plasma potassium averaged 2.83 +/- 0.08 mEq/liter before and 3.73 +/- 0.06 mEq/liter after correction with potassium chloride, triamterene or both. Premature atrial contractions decreased in 6 patients, increased in 6 and remained unchanged in 4. There was no improvement in ventricular ectopic activity after plasma potassium correction. Ventricular ectopic activity improved in 5 patients, worsened in 10 and remained unchanged in 1. Ventricular tachycardia was not observed in either phase. Plasma magnesium remained normal throughout. The investigators conclude that in patients with uncomplicated hypertension, correction of diuretic-induced hypokalemia does not significantly reduce the occurrence of spontaneous atrial or ventricular ectopic activity.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Persistence of normal BP after withdrawal of drug treatment in mild hypertension.

Antihypertensive therapy was discontinued in 24 patients with mild hypertension whose BPs had been well controlled with diuretics alone. Eleven patients (46%) maintained normal diastolic BPs (less than or equal to 90 mm Hg) for six months after stopping treatment and five patients (21%) for 12 months. All patients who remained normotensive for six to 12 months had mean diastolic BPs of 82 mm Hg or less during treatment. There was no significant correlation between maintenance of normotension and any of the following: pretreatment BP, presence of target-organ damage, duration of known hypertension, family history of hypertension, heart rate, body weight, weight gain after stopping diuretic therapy, 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion, serum electrolyte values or renin profile. This study demonstrates that hypertension may be favorably modified, sometimes for many months, by effective antihypertensive treatment.

Blood Pressure↗

PubMed1982

Treatment of severe hypertension with intravenous labetalol.

The effectiveness of repeated intravenous injections of labetalol in reducing blood pressure (BP) was evaluated in patients with severe hypertension. The subjects were 10 patients who were 29 to 61 yr old and who had diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 125 mm Hg or higher. Repeated injections titrated from 20 to 80 mg were given at 15-min intervals until there was a reduction in DBP of 30 mm Hg or until 300 mg had been administered. The average reduction of BP ranged from 201 +/- 5/132 +/- 1 to 157 +/- 6/108 +/- 4 mm Hg (mean +/- SEM). Four patients responded with a reduction in DBP of 30 mm Hg or more with total doses of 60 to 220 mg. Of the remaining six who received the full dose, in four there was a 20 to 29 mm Hg reduction in DBP, in one there was a 10 mm Hg fall, and in one there was no reduction. There was a positive correlation between age and response to intravenous labetalol. No severe side effects were encountered. Intravenous labetalol is useful and well tolerated in patients with severe hypertension.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

Furosemide compared with hydrochlorothiazide. Long-term treatment of hypertension.

In a double-blind crossover study, the effectiveness of furosemide, 40 mg twice daily, was compared with hydrochlorothiazide, 50 mg twice daily, in hypertensive patients. Both hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide significantly reduced blood pressure (BP) during three months of therapy. However, the fall in BP was consistently greater with hydrochlorothiazide than with furosemide, although the difference was significant only with respect to systolic BP. The somewhat greater antihypertensive effectiveness of hydrochlorothiazide may be related to its longer action permitting a more continuous diuretic effect and, hence, maintenance of reduced extracellular fluid volume throughout the 24-hour period.

Blood Pressure↗

PubMed1978