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Biomedical subjects

I Miceli

Publications and source records attributed to I Miceli.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Multicentered study of viral acute lower respiratory infections in children from four cities of Argentina, 1993-1994.

This study describes the first multicentered study of acute lower respiratory infection viral etiology in young children from four different geographical areas of Argentina. A total of 1,278 children under 5 years of age, hospitalized in primary care centers from Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Santa Fé and Mar del Plata cities during a 2-year period were studied (1993-1994). Nasopharyngeal aspirates were investigated for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus, parainfluenza, and influenza A and B viruses by indirect immunofluorescence. Out of the patients studied, 946 (74%) were under 1 year of age. Viruses were detected in 399 patients (32%). RSV was observed in 25.3% of the samples, representing 78.2% of all viral positive cases. Adenoviruses were detected in 2.5% of the cases, parainfluenza in 2.2%, influenza A in 2.1%, and influenza B in 0.2%. Compared with other viruses, the higher RSV frequency was statistically significant (P < 0.000). Most RSV cases were detected between May and September with a significant peak in July (P < 0.000). Pneumonia was observed in 46% of the patients, bronchiolitis in 41% and other entities in 13%. The case fatality rate observed during the 2 year study was 0.73%. Most of the above respiratory viruses were detected in the four cities, however, the frequency of RSV and influenza were different in the southern city.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Surveillance for rotavirus in Argentina.

Group A rotaviruses are the major cause of severe gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. Because rotavirus vaccination appeared imminent, a nationwide surveillance program was organized between October 1996 and October 1998 in the largest Argentine cities. Surveillance for disease burden, rotavirus detection, and rotavirus typing was undertaken at nine locations. Results showed rotavirus to be associated with 42% of diarrhea admissions. Although the prevalent G types changed from year to year, common G types were found in 96% of the cases and were usually associated with common P types. Uncommon G types, G9 and G5, were found at low prevalence and uncommon G/P combinations occurred at almost every study site. These data suggest that a rotavirus vaccine could substantially decrease the rotavirus disease burden in Argentina, but that introduction of a vaccine should be accompanied by a concurrent surveillance system.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1998

Factors that make difficult the implementation of an integrated leprosy control programme in health zone II, Santa Fe Province, Argentina.

With the help of a pre-tested, structured questionnaire and participatory observation, effects of several variables that have a bearing on the process of integration were studied in Zone II of the Santa Fe Province of Argentina. Patient's knowledge and the presence of an NGO were identified as factors facilitating integration. The presence of a vertical programme staff and insufficient commitment towards integration were identified as factors hindering integration.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1991

[Usefulness of the enzyme immunoassay in the diagnosis of tuberculosis].

To assess the usefulness of enzyme immunoassay as a rapid method of diagnosing tuberculosis, a study was conducted of 687 serum samples from 271 children and 416 adults. With 55 sera from nontuberculous children as controls, the specificity was 0.98, and with 137 controls from the adult population, 0.93. Prior vaccination with BCG did not influence the level of detectable anti-PPD antibody. The results were similar in healthy PPD-positive and negative adults. The test differentiated mycoses and nontuberculous mycobacterioses from tuberculosis. The sensitivity rates in 49 children and 200 adults diagnosed with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis were calculated at 0.51 and 0.69, respectively. In those tuberculosis cases not bacteriologically confirmed or at other sites, the test was positive in 28.1% of 114 children and in 48.6% of 35 adults. The cost, speed, and availability of reagents for this test were comparable to those for direct microscopic examination. Both methods were positive for 49% of the tuberculosis cases confirmed by culture, and a total of 84% of those cases were found positive using one method or the other. It is concluded that enzyme immunoassay can be especially useful in the rapid diagnosis of nonbacilliferous pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and childhood tuberculosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Detection of circulating antibodies to purified protein derivative by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: its potential for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting antibodies to purified protein derivative was evaluated as a rapid method for serodiagnosis of childhood tuberculosis. Its specificity for IgG antibodies was 0.98 as determined in 55 sera from nontuberculous children who showed no significant effect of previous Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination on the production of specific antibodies. Results were negative in 29 of 33 (87.9%) tuberculin-positive children and in 18 of 20 (90.0%) contacts, none of whom had evidence of tuberculosis. The sensitivity of this test was 0.51 as determined in 49 sera from bacteriologically confirmed cases; 17 of 27 smear positive cases and 8 of 22 children with positive cultures were detected. Results were positive in 32 of 114 (28.1%) patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis not confirmed by microbiology. Consequently whereas a negative result does not rule out tuberculosis, a positive result is a strong indication of the disease. The IgM antibody determination yielded much less discriminative results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of the effectiveness of BCG vaccination using the case-control method in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

A retrospective case-control study was conducted in Argentina to determine the protection conferred by BCG vaccination against tuberculosis in children under six years of age, in an area where coverage is about 55%. A total of 175 tuberculosis patients were included. Five controls selected from patients treated at the same hospital as those under study for reasons other than tuberculosis were matched to each case on the basis of age, socioeconomic origin, nutritional status and place of residence. Information on BCG vaccination status was collected by an independent examiner. Tuberculosis localizations were as follows: 152 pulmonary, pleural and/or miliary; 18 meningitis; 2 lymphadenitis; 2 osteoarticular; and 1 otic. The diagnosis was based on bacteriological and histopathological tests, computerized tomography, radiology, clinical examination, endoscopy, and proved source of infection. The protective effect of BCG among those who were vaccinated was 73.0% with 95% confidence limits of 82% and 62%. According to these results BCG vaccination given early in life is very effective in preventing tuberculosis.

Argentina↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Rotavirus laboratory network: results after one year of observation].

Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children and it has been estimated that in Argentina Rotavirus is responsible for 21,000 hospitalizations, 85,000 medical attentions and an annual medical cost of US$ 27 millions. Given that a Rotavirus vaccine is about to be approved, a laboratory network based surveillance system was organized. Herein, we present the results after one year of study. Severe diarrhea was responsible for 9% of pediatric hospitalizations and rotavirus was detected in 42.1% of the diarrhea cases. We estimated that Rotavirus causes 3.8% of pediatric hospitalizations. The number of diarrhea and Rotavirus diarrhea hospitalizations was greater during the first year of life (62% and 71.3%, respectively). The number of diarrhea hospitalizations during the December-May semester was significantly higher than the rest of the year. A Rotavirus diarrhea peak was detected between April and June. These results indicate that Rotavirus is the most important etiological agent of severe diarrhea in Argentine children and show the importance of performing Rotavirus diagnosis in every pediatric hospital. The additional costs will be compensated by many benefits such as better use of antibiotics, improved nosocomial spread control, better handling of hospital beds and of laboratory resources and of the hospitalized patient.

Argentina↗