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Biomedical subjects

I Miyakawa

Publications and source records attributed to I Miyakawa.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Scanning electron microscopy of endometriotic lesions in the pelvic peritoneum and the histogenesis of endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the epithelium of an endometriotic lesion has eutopic endometrial glandular epithelium morphology or not for the histogenesis of endometriosis. METHOD: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the endometrium was done for 25 cases. Histologically proven endometriotic lesions of 10 of these 25 cases were processed for SEM. Peroneum samples of another 15 cases without histological endometriosis were also studied. RESULT: Three of 10 cases with histologically proven endometriotic lesions revealed endometrium-like morphology by SEM, whereas normal appearing peritoneum without histological endometriosis in 15 cases showed no endometrium-like structures by SEM. CONCLUSION: Although abovementioned results did not support retrograde menstruation and implantation, they suggested a possibility of derivation from the endometrium.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The effects of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, AA-861, on PGI2-like substance production in guinea-pig lungs.

To determine the effects of AA-861 on PGI2 production in guinea-pig lungs, 3 g of guinea-pig lung was chopped in 4 ml of buffer (control group), in buffer with 4 micrograms/ml indomethacin (indomethacin group) and in buffer with 2.5 x 10(-5)M AA-861 (AA-861 group). The chopped lungs were incubated for 30 min. 250 microliters of incubation medium from each group was assessed before and after 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min of incubation. The incubation medium was centrifuged and the supernatant was tested for a PGI2-like substance (PGI2) by platelet aggregation inhibition. PGI2 was produced mainly during the initial 3-5 min of incubation and was decreased thereafter. PGI2 production was almost completely inhibited in the indomethacin group at all of the incubation times and was partially inhibited in the AA-861 group during the initial 3-5 minutes. Endogenous 5-lipoxygenase products generated in the early stages of incubation seem to be involved in PGI2 production in guinea-pig lungs.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Amniotic fluid embolism and leukotrienes--the role of amniotic fluid surfactant in leukotriene production.

Surfactant rich lipid (lipid) was extracted from cell free 10,000 x g pellets of amniotic fluid. White blood cells (WBC) were isolated from human donors. 36 x 10(7) WBC and 5 g rabbit lung were incubated with pretreated lipid or dipalmitoyl lecithin (lecithin). Leukotrienes (LTs) were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and bioassay, and quantified by radioimmunoassay. Peaks of LTC4 and LTD4 on HPLC and guinea-pig ileum contraction could be identified in lipid and lecithin groups, but not in the control group. LTC4 production by lipid and lecithin groups was significantly higher than that by the control group. An involvement of amniotic fluid surfactant in leukotriene production is suggested.

1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine↗
PubMed1992

Hydrops fetalis caused by fetal Kasabach-Merritt syndrome.

There have been only 2 previous reports of nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis (NIHF) caused by fetal Kasabach-Merritt syndrome, both of which were pathological studies. This is the first clinical case report of NIHF due to fetal Kasabach-Merritt syndrome that was prenatally diagnosed by sonography, computerized tomography, and percutaneous umbilical blood sampling.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Retrohymenal vaginal atresia with perforate transverse vaginal septum.

A transverse vaginal septum is the most common congenital anomaly of the vagina. Vaginal atresia is seen less frequently. There have been some variations in cases of transverse vaginal septum and vaginal atresia. This is the first report of a patient with retrohymenal vaginal atresia and perforate transverse vaginal septum.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1992

[Hypocalciuria in women with preeclampsia].

To assess the significance of hypocalciuria in pregnant women, 24-hour urinary calcium excretion and the calcium/creatinine ratio (mg/g) in random urine samples were measured with a Toshiba TDA-30R autoanalyzer in the following 4 groups: 3 mild preeclamptic patients, 5 severe preeclamptic patients, 4 patients with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and 10 healthy pregnant women. The mean 24-hour urinary calcium excretion in the 4 groups was 44.3 +/- 21.3 mg/day, 11.6 +/- 2.7 mg/day, 161.4 +/- 80.4 mg/day and 145.0 +/- 45.0 mg/day, respectively. Calcium excretion was significantly lower in the mild and severe preeclamptic patients than in the women with IUGR and the normal pregnant women. There was also a significant difference between the value in the mild and severe preeclamptic patients. The mean calcium/creatinine ratio in random urine samples was 53 +/- 30 mg/g, 18 +/- 5.6 mg/g, 192 +/- 85 mg/g and 169 +/- 70 mg/g, respectively. Also, such significant as 24-hour urinary calcium excretion were found in the mean calcium/creatinine ratio. From these results we conclude that determination of the 24-hour urinary calcium excretion or the calcium/creatinine ratio in random urine samples is a reliable index of preeclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

High concentration of a gastrin releasing peptide-like immunoreactive substance in pregnant human milk.

The level of a gastrin releasing peptide-like immunoreactive substance (GRP-IS) in human milk and plasma during late pregnancy and after delivery was measured. GRP-IS in milk increased during late pregnancy (1.3 nM at 39 weeks) and decreased after delivery (100 pM). GRP-IS in plasma during late pregnancy and after delivery was much lower (below 2 pM). By using HPLC and gel-filtration chromatography, two peaks of GRP-IS were purified. The one was coeluted with GRP (18-27) and the other was a prohormone. The GRP-IS in milk during pregnancy was mostly composed of proGRP. These results suggest that GRP may be produced and secreted in mammary glands.

Breast↗
PubMed1991

Prenatal diagnosis of the aneurysm of the vein of Galen by pulsed Doppler unit.

Aneurysm of the vein of Galen is a rare anomaly. In the severe type, the first clinical manifestation of this anomaly is heart failure after birth. Prenatal diagnosis is important in preventing heart failure during the postnatal period. Here, we report the prenatal diagnosis of a case of aneurysm of the vein of Galen in which we used a pulsed Doppler unit combined with a fetal electrocardiogram-phonocardiogram unit.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Seasonal incidence of subclinical vitamin K deficiency during early newborn period.

Eleven-Sixty six healthy, non-vitamin K treated and exclusively breast-fed 5-day-old newborns were screened with PIVKA-II and Hepaplastin test for subclinical vitamin K deficiency for two years. PIVKA-II values in 96 babies (8.2%) ranged from 1 to 8 micrograms/ml. These babies were divided into two groups: 83 (86.5%) had relatively low values ranging from 1 to 2 micrograms/ml, and 13 (13.5%) had higher values ranging from 2 to 8 micrograms/ml. Eleven babies in the latter group (84.6%) had a seasonal deviation in incidence in the summer and early fall (p less than 0.05). This seasonal variation in severe subclinical vitamin K deficiency during the early newborn period corresponds with the results of an epidemical survey of idiopathic late onset hemorrhagic disease in newborns in Japan, suggesting similar causative factors in both of these hemorrhagic diseases.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1991

PIVKA-II (protein induced by vitamin K absence-II) status in newborns exposed to anticonvulsant drugs in utero.

Using PIVKA-II and Hepaplastin test, 5 neonates exposed to anticonvulsant drugs in utero were assessed 5 days after birth. None showed any sign of clinical bleeding, but all had PIVKA-II values over 1 microgram/ml. In controls, only 96 of 1,166 (8.2%) neonates had PIVKA-II values over 1 microgram/ml. The difference in the incidence rate was significant (p less than 0.005). Three of 5 epileptic mothers received valproatic acid and/or diazepam but no barbiturates and/or hydantoin.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Lecithins enhance leukotriene production from white cells.

36 x 10(7) WBC were isolated from 120 ml heparinized venous blood by 5% dextran T-500 sedimentation. 20 mg egg lecithin and 20 mg dipalmitoyl lecithin were respectively pretreated in 2 ml 0.15 M Tris buffer by vibration and sonication. WBC were incubated with the pretreated lecithins for 20 min. Leukotrienes (LTs) were identified by HPLC and bioassay, and quantified with an RIA Kit. Crude incubation medium of both lecithin groups caused guinea pig ileum contractions which were antagonized with FPL55712. Incubation media were partially purified with Bond elut C18. Purified samples of both lecithin groups showed LTC4 and LTD4 peaks on HPLC. LTC4 production (pg/10(7) WBC, M +/- SD) was 194.5 +/- 61.7 (n = 5) in control group, 348.9 +/- 95.4 (n = 6) in dipalmitoyl lecithin group, 543.8 +/- 105.6 (n = 6) in egg lecithin group and 105.62 +/- 63.2 (n = 6) in AA-861 + dipalmitoyl lecithin group. LTC4 production of both lecithin groups was significantly higher than that of control group (P less than 0.01 in dipalmitoyl lecithin group and P less than 0.001 in egg lecithin group). Both egg lecithin and dipalmitoyl lecithin enhanced LT production from WBC. LT production was suppressed in the presence of AA-861. The mechanism of the enhancement in LT production is unclear, but these lecithins are apparently not substrates because dipalmitoyl lecithin contains no arachidonic acid.

1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine↗
PubMed1990

Effects of a new bisphosphonate (AHBuBP) on osteolysis induced by human prostate cancer cells in nude mice.

A new bisphosphonate, 4-amino-1-hydroxybutylidene-1, 1-bisphosphonate (AHBuBP), was compared with 3-amino-1-hydroxypropylidene-1, 1-bisphosphonate (AHPrBP) and 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-bisphosphonate (HEBP) assessing their effects on tumor induced osteolysis using human prostate adenocarcinoma cells in nude mice. The method consisted of inoculating transplantable human prostate cancer cells subcutaneously over the calvaria in nude mice resulting in a local tumor causing fragmentation of the bone. The parameters included assessing the extent of decreased osteolysis in bone as judged by X-ray and histological examination. The results showed the following sequence of potency: AHBuBP greater than AHPrBP greater than HEBP. The compounds were active not only when administered preventively before establishment of bone resorption, but also in an inhibitory fashion once the variables were already under the influence of the tumor. This inhibition was obtained with no apparent effect on the growth of the tumor. AHBuBP appears to be an interesting new bisphosphonate for future clinical use.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

"Alternative self-diploidization" or "ASD" homothallism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: isolation of a mutant, nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction and endomitotic diploidization.

A mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae representing a novel life cycle, named "alternative self-diploidization" or "ASD" homothallism, was obtained fortuitously. In this life cycle, MAT alpha (or MATa) haplophase and MAT alpha/MAT alpha (or MATa/MATa) diplophase alternate. Germinated cells are haploid and mating. They soon become nonmating and sporogenous as they vegetatively grow. They sooner or later diploidize presumably via endomitosis. The diploid cells haploidize via normal meiosis. A single recessive nuclear mutation, named asd 1-1, is responsible for "ASD" homothallism. In the rho 0 cytoplasm, asd 1-1 cells mate even if at a low efficiency and fail to diploidize. Since pet mutations do not have such effects, we conclude that a certain mitochondrial function other than respiration is required for manifestation of "ASD" homothallism. That is, "ASD" homothallism is the result of some sort of nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction.

Cell Nucleus↗