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I Mochizuki

Publications and source records attributed to I Mochizuki.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Ultrastructural studies on the formation and distribution of lipid droplets in the lung capillary endothelial cells in patients with sarcoidosis.

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE WORK: We previously reported the presence of definite morphological alterations in the capillary endothelium of sarcoid lung. The aim of this study was to examine ultrastructural changes and distribution of lipid droplets in the endothelium of lung capillaries of patients with sarcoidosis. METHODS: Tissue specimens were obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy or open lung biopsy from 16 patients with sarcoidosis and 13 controls. Biopsies were evaluated by electron microscopy following lead citrate and uranyl acetate staining. RESULTS: Typical lipid droplets were observed in pulmonary capillaries of 11 out of 16 sarcoid patients (69%); the droplet frequency was higher in sarcoid patients than in control specimens. Lipid droplets were characterized by biphasic density: most droplets contained eccentrically located vacuoles (saturated fatty acids) others were characterized by low density areas (unsaturated fatty acids). Biphasic droplets were covered by large lysosomal granules and were mainly distributed in the endothelium and pericytes. Interestingly, in the latter, vacuoles increased in size while small amounts of lysosomal granules were detectable. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that biphasic droplets increase in number in pulmonary capillaries of patients with sarcoidosis with a characteristic distribution pattern from the endothelium to pericytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Endothelial cell damage in sarcoidosis and neurosarcoidosis: autoantibodies to endothelial cells.

Damage to the vascular system, of which endothelial cells are the main constituent, may occur in sarcoidosis. Evidence of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is shown in sarcoidosis with central nervous system (CNS) involvement by means of magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography. We investigated the presence of antiendothelial cell antibodies by culture of endothelial cells derived from human umbilical cord vein and from human brain using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the presence of circulating immune complexes using a Raji cell assay, in the sera of patients with sarcoidosis. The patients with sarcoidosis displayed significantly high levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) binding to endothelial cells after blocking Fc receptor compared to controls (p < 0.01). The sera of neurosarcoid patients with CNS involvement still showed significantly increased levels of IgG binding to brain endothelial cells after blocking Fc receptor compared to controls and those of pulmonary sarcoidosis (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01 respectively). These results suggest that the presence of autoantibodies to endothelial cells may be involved in endothelial cell damage, including BBB disruption.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Capillary endothelial cells in sarcoidosis--electron microscopic findings].

The distribution of von Willebrand (vW) factor, thrombomodulin (TM) and fibronectin (FN) in the capillary endothelial cells of the lung of patients with sarcoidosis was investigated using their monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. The vW factor showed strong reaction with exudation towards outside and irregular dilatation or occlusion in the capillary walls surrounded sarcoid granulomas and capillaries in the remote area. The area showing alveolitis disclosed also strong reaction with exudation by vW factor. TM having a anti-coagulating function showed a very low reactivity in the lung tissues with or without of granulomas in sarcoidosis at light microscopic level, but in electron microscopically, strong reaction and broad distribution in capillary endothelial cells, involving luminal occlusion and reaction in subendothelial region. FN showed new and many capillaries formation in the growing collagenous tissues between the old sarcoid granulomas suggesting neocapillarization originating from endothelial cells. These findings suggest that the capillary endothelial cells participate strongly in formal genesis of sarcoid granulomas.

Endothelium, Vascular↗
PubMed1991

Pulmonary vascular involvement in sarcoidosis: granulomatous angiitis and microangiopathy in transbronchial lung biopsies.

To evaluate the occurrence of granulomatous angiitis and microangiopathy in the lung with sarcoidosis, transbronchial lung biopsy specimens were examined from 174 cases with sarcoidosis. Granulomatous angiitis was seen in 72 cases, which corresponded to 53% of the cases with granulomata. Granulomatous angiitis showed venous involvement (65%), both venous and arterial involvement (24%) or arterial involvement only (11%). There was no significant difference in occurrence of granulomatous angiitis between upper and lower lobes. The cases with granulomatous angiitis in the lung had a higher frequency of ophthalmic symptoms and elevated serum angiotensin converting enzyme level. Basal lamina layering in the microvasculature was more often observed in the bronchial mucosa than in the alveolar walls and is not exclusively related to granulomata. Endothelial proliferation and basal lamina alterations in granulomatous angiitis may be closely associated with granulomas. The present study revealed coexistence of granulomatous angiitis and microangiopathy in the lung with sarcoidosis and suggests that both may participate in the development of pulmonary sarcoidosis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

Cholangiographic study of the pancreaticobiliary ductal junction in biliary atresia.

The size and arrangement of each component of pancreaticobiliary ductal junction was investigated in 28 cases with biliary atresia in which cholangiography allowed visualization of the common bile duct, pancreatic duct, and duodenum and in which relevant data were available. As controls, seven cases of neonatal hepatitis and eight cases of intrahepatic bile duct hypoplasia were also studied. The following results were obtained. (1) The diameter of the common bile duct was shortest in biliary atresia, the value corresponding to about one-third of that for neonatal hepatitis. (2) The common bile duct was visualized in 100% of cases of intrahepatic bile duct hypoplasia and 78% of cases of biliary atresia, whereas the corresponding percentage was only 43% for neonatal hepatitis. The mean length of the common channel in cases of biliary atresia and that of intrahepatic bile duct hypoplasia was about 5 mm, which was longer than that of neonatal hepatitis. (3) The pancreatic duct type, in which the pancreatic duct merged into the bile duct, was frequent in cases of biliary atresia.

Bile Duct Diseases↗
PubMed1990

Postoperative gastrointestinal hemorrhage in biliary atresia.

During the past 9 years, we have treated 23 patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage following corrective surgery for biliary atresia. Ulcers or erosions of the stomach, duodenum or intestinal wall were observed endoscopically in 20 cases. In other 3 cases, bleeding point was not determined endoscopically, but massive bleeding was recognized frequently. Ten patients bled within 6 months of surgery, and the incidence of bleeding was also seen even after the age of 10 years. A history of cholangitis, the presence of jaundice and the use of cholagogues were related to the postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding. Serum concentrations of gastrin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide showed high values after surgery in almost half the biliary atresia patients examined, however, no clear relationship between the concentration of these factors and gastrointestinal hemorrhage was established.

Biliary Atresia↗
PubMed1990

Vascular lesions in the biopsied bronchus of patients with sarcoidosis changes of the endothelial cells in aggregation of eosinophils.

1) Aggregates of eosinophils closely related to the enlarged endothelial cells in the capillary vessels were recognized in 64% of 28 cases in biopsied specimens of the major bronchus of patients with sarcoidosis. 2) Electron microscopy revealed the vacuolated central cores or matrix in the specific granules of the eosinophils adjacent to the swollen vascular endothelial cells, frequent findings with attachment of the blood platelets to the damaged plasma membrane of the endothelial cells eventually becoming occluded in the lumen with platelet thrombosis, and multilayer formation of the basement membrane of the capillary vessels. 3) Sarcoidosis is suggested to be a pathological process producing both granuloma formation in each organ and vascular endothelial cell changes in the capillary vessels accompanied by aggregation of eosinophils in some periods of the disease process due to unidentified etiological factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Surgical limitation for biliary atresia: indication for liver transplantation.

Of 245 patients undergoing corrective operations for biliary atresia, jaundice was cleared in 113. In January 1988, 84 of them were living and free of jaundice and the other 19 were alive with jaundice. A vast majority of long-term survivors showed normal growth and development, and were leading normal lives for their respective ages. Portal hypertension, a common late complication, improved spontaneously or after sclerotherapy in jaundice-free patients. Therefore, liver transplantation is not recommended for jaundice-free patients even with esophageal varices. Patients with persistent severe jaundice (serum bilirubin over 10 mg/dL) and those with moderate jaundice (serum bilirubin 5 to 10 mg/dL) and severe esophageal varices require liver transplantation. Patients with moderate jaundice having no or slight varices should be carefully followed. When varices become worse or serum bilirubin rises, liver transplantation is indicated. Patients with mild jaundice (serum bilirubin lower than 5 mg/dL) have a possibility of improvement in their condition before the age of 15 years, and are not recommended for liver transplantation. The high value of the lowest postoperative bilirubin level suggests the necessity of liver transplantation in early childhood. Liver transplantation as the primary treatment for biliary atresia may be indicated only for patients over 120 days of age with an enlarged and hard liver.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Studies on subtype "d" biliary atresia.

Nine cases of specific type (subtype d) biliary atresia were experienced at the Tohoku University Hospital and were classified into three groups on the basis of their clinical and pathological findings. Group 1 cases were defined as cases showing obstruction on the side of the hepatic duct and cystic dilatation, communicating with the gallbladder, in the common bile duct. Group 2 cases were those showing dilatation similar to Group 1, but measuring less than 20 mm, the dilated part being covered with thick connective tissue. Group 3 cases were those showing isolated dilatation in the common hepatic duct or the common bile duct and having no communication with the gallbladder. The postoperative course was good in Group 1 patients, while jaundice was prolonged in Group 2 patients. In Group 3, jaundice disappeared in one patient who died later, while the other patient showed recurrence of slight jaundice.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1988

Persistent jaundice after hepatic porto-jejunostomy in biliary atresia: are the patients' prognoses determined within 3 months after surgery?

Eighteen patients with biliary atresia who showed persistent jaundice after hepatic porto-jejunostomy were studied clinically. It was revealed that: 1) Patients who had abnormally high preoperative values of laboratory data showed persistent jaundice; 2) high portal pressure occurred frequently in patients with persistent jaundice; 3) most patients of persistent jaundice had a history of postoperative cholangitis; 4) in contrast to jaundice-free patients, those with persistent jaundice tended to show elevation in gamma-globulin, TTT and gamma-GTP in the early postoperative period. These results suggest that for patients showing an upward tendency in these laboratory data after surgery, carefully management should be taken, even if the serum bilirubin level continue to decrease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Ultrastructural studies of concentric lamellar bodies in the bronchus of patients with sarcoidosis.

Biopsy specimens of the major bronchus of sixty-nine patients with sarcoidosis were investigated electronmicroscopically. 22 patients (12 males, 10 females), 32% of the cases, showed concentric lamellar or similar kinds of dense bodies in the bronchial wall. Typically, the concentric lamellar bodies were observed in various numbers, scattered in the collagen-increased tunica propria or superficial submucosal layer, where adjacent or deeply located blood capillary vessels were mostly obliterated. They were generally of 0.2 to 1.8 micron in size, but occasionally smaller ones were observed. We also found large swollen and irregular lamellated bodies greater than 2 microns in the cell cytoplasm. Six cases with particularly large numbers of these bodies in the bronchial wall showed "capped" figures, in which the concentric lamellar bodies were partly attached to other demilunar dense bodies. These figures were assumed to be the very early stage of formation of conchoidal bodies at the LM level, so-called Schaumann bodies. Two cases (5%) (chronic bronchitis, lung cancer) among 40 control patients with other diseases disclosed the same small lamellated bodies in the bronchial wall. We were unable to resolve the problem of the origin of these deposited in them, but assume that they will initially occur in the cell cytoplasm in some patients with sarcoidosis and eventually develop into typical concentric lamellar bodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Changes in the peripheral vasculature of various organs in patients with sarcoidosis--possible role of microangiopathy.

Vascular involvement in sarcoidosis is briefly reviewed with emphasis on the outcome of a 10-year project-study by the Sarcoidosis Research Committee of the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare. Examples of vascular disorder associated with sarcoidosis are presented, including basal lamina layering of the capillaries in the skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and lung, glomerulopathy in the kidney, vascular changes in the ocular fundus and bronchi, and impaired peripheral circulation that could be detected by thermography. According to our tentative definition, all of these disorders should be collectively called microangiopathy. The possible role of microangiopathy in the pathogenetic mechanism of sarcoidosis is also discussed. Although microangiopathy in sarcoidosis is a comprehensive term, it should be included, in addition to systemic granulomatous disease, as part of the clinicopathological entity of sarcoidosis.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1986

Portal hypertension after successful hepatic portoenterostomy in biliary atresia.

From 1953 through 1984, we have operated on 225 cases of biliary atresia, and 95 patients are presently surviving. Portal hypertension with esophageal varices was endoscopically confirmed in 26 of 66 patients (39%) examined, 14 with and 52 without jaundice. All these patients except two had had frequent episodes of postoperative cholangitis. Eight patients have undergone treatment for portal hypertension. The treatment for variceal bleeding in jaundice-free infants with biliary atresia should be initiated conservatively, including endoscopic sclerotherapy. The results of our experience, however, justifies the employment of shunt procedures for patients older than 6 or 7 years of age.

Adolescent↗