Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to I N Poliakova.
The article deals with analysis of scientific data concerning etiology, pathogenesis, clinical and roentgenologic manifestations, morphologic appearances and other aspects to precise and refine the former idea of pneumoconioses. The authors present the main principles for improved classification of pneumoconioses.
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The article describes one case of exogenic allergic alveolitis (EAA) developed in female engaged into shoe-making during 20 years and exposed to high concentrations of industrial multicomponent aerosols. Having pneumonia-like exacerbations, the disease demonstrated growing dyspnea and intercurrent pulmonary infiltrations. Such diagnoses as pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, Loeffler syndrome, pulmonary sarcoidosis and EAA were discussed. The diagnosis of "shoe-maker's" EAA was based on the features of anamnesis, occupational life and manifestations confirmed by immunologic and morphologic data. Endobronchial lavage with hydrocortisone administration was proved to be effective. The importance of clinical and immunologic criteria, examination of ability to work in people suffering from EAA was stressed.
Intragenic recombination of bacteriophage T4B amber mutants in early genes 30, 32, 42, 43, 44, 56 and in late gene 7 in su- cells of Escherichia coli B was studied. The frequency of recombination under such conditions was increased in genes 30, 43 and 7, but it was lowered in genes 46 and 44, and was completely inhibited in genes 32, 42 and 56. The level of stimulation or inhibition of recombination frequencies in early genes was gene-specific and did not depend either on the distances between amber mutations, or on progeny phage maturation delay. On the other hand, the level of recombination stimulation in the late gene 7 was greatly influenced by the distances between amber mutations tested. Wild type alleles arising in su- cells during recombination proved to be functionally active, and their activity caused the increase in progeny phage yield and in a partial removal of phage maturation delay.
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The mechanism of adaptation of the acrylamide producing strain Rhodococcus rhodochrous M8 to changes in ammonium concentrations in the medium was studied. An increase in the content of ammonium in the medium changed the activity of glutamine synthetase (GS) (EC 6.3.1.2) and glutamine dehydrogenase (GD) (EC 1.4.1.4), the enzymes of ammonium assimilation, as well as the activities of enzymes responsible for nitrile utilization: nitrile hydratase (EC 4.2.1.84) and amidase (EC 3.5.1.4). This also caused inhibition of activation of GS induced by phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.1). Increases in the activities of nitrile hydratase and amidase and resistance of these enzymes to ammonium were observed in mutant of R. rhodichrous resistant to phosphotricine, an inhibitor of GS. An important role of GS in the mechanism of adaptation is suggested.
The antigenic composition was studied among the cells of four variants of Bacillus brevis var. G.-B. (R, S, P+, P-). The variants have a common antigen. Each variant has also an additional antigen. These data confirm that the variants of Bac. brevis var. G.-B. are related.
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