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Biomedical subjects

I N Shevelev

Publications and source records attributed to I N Shevelev.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Correlative relationship between changes in the volume rate of cerebral and peripheral blood flow and the outcome of severe cranio-cerebral injuries].

On the basis of a complex of investigations, the results of quantitative study of the volume rate of cerebral and peripheral blood flow in 42 patients with severe carniocerebral trauma are presented. Analysis of the changes provides evidence of their dependence on the severity of the trauma and the stage of the comatose state. A definite correlation between cerebral and peripheral blood flow in the acute period of a severe craniocerebral trauma was revealed. No correlation between the parameters mentioned was found in patients with a favourable course of the disease. With growth in the severity of the craniocerebral trauma the degree of correlation between the cerebral and peripheral blood flow increased. Total correlative dependence between them was found in patients with the most severe craniocerebral trauma.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transcapillary fluid filtration in the brains of patients after craniocerebral injuries].

The carotid artery and the jugular vein in patients with craniocerebral trauma were punctured simultaneously and the amount and direction of fluid filtration were calculated. The information made it possible to reveal in the posttraumatic period the predominant escape of fluid from the vascular channel into the cerebral tissue on the 1st-3rd days, a mild reverse flow of fluid on the 4th-7th days, and repeated escape of fluid from the vascular channel into the cerebral tissue on the 8th day; the duration of the last process was determined by the severity of the trauma. In patients who survived, this was followed by a period of intensive supply of fluid into the vascular channel coinciding in time with the clinical signs of an improvement in the patients' condition. In cases with a fatal outcome the flow of fluid through the vascular wall was directed into the cerebral tissue before death.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Amipaque myeloradiculography in the diagnosis of brachial plexus root rupture].

Myelography with a water-soluble contrast medium amipak (metrisamide) was applied in a complex with other diagnostic methods of examination in 22 patients with injury to the roots and primary trunks of the brachial plexus. Five of these patients had a clinical picture of Erb-Duchenne paralysis, in 17 injury to all the primary trunks with predominance of Djerine-Klumpke paralysis in the clinical picture was found. The results obtained provide evidence that myelography with amipak is a reliable method of the diagnosis of preganglionic (intraforaminal) injury to the roots of the brachial plexus. The most informative signs of such injury are. (a) traumatic meningocele; (b) deformity of the dura mater infundibula; (c) filling defects and constriction of the cerebrospinal fluid spaces. The presence of solitary meningocele is not a contraindication for operative exploration of the brachial plexus because of clinical picture of total paralysis may be caused by injury to the primary trunks in the more distal parts of the plexus.

Brachial Plexus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Structural and functional characteristics of recovery of the severed sciatic nerve exposed to pulsed magnetic field].

In rabbit experiments after cross-cutting the sciatic nerve with its subsequent perineural suture, the authors studied whether the structure of injured nerve fibers could be recovered on exposure to an impulse magnetic field (IMF) of high intensity (1.2 T). On exposure to IMF, the processes of nerve fiber myelinization were found to proceed much more rapidly in the rabbits operated on and the area of a connective tissue scar showed a more direct growth of nerve fibers of the center to the periphery. Light optic microscopy indicated that IMF of the intensity used produced no damaging effects on nerve tissue.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The spatial organization of bioelectrical activity during the treatment of the chronic pain syndrome].

EEG studies with spectral-coherent analysis and evoked potentials recording were carried out in 35 patients with deafferentation pain syndrome before and after pain-relief surgery (DREZ operations). In the cases with a significant anti-pain effect obtained there was an increase of the mean coherence level accompanied by an increase of different frequencies rhythms correlation in symmetrical regions of both hemispheres together with a marked decrease of intrahemispheric connections, especially in the frontal-temporal areas in the theta-range. After the pain-relief surgery the late positive component of somatosensory evoked potential (P220-300) decreased and visual evoked potentials became more clearly detected. Electrophysiological results give evidence on the alterations in the nonspecific afferent system after the pain-relief surgery and weakening of emotional tension. The data may be used as an objective criterion for evaluation of efficiency of surgical interventions in patients with pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The x-ray radiological semeiotics of the pain syndrome in a traumatic lesion of the brachial plexus].

X-ray radionuclide studies revealed a variety of morphological changes at the cervicothoracic levels of the spinal cord and its meninges. Despite a preganglionary injury to the brachial plexus, there was a clear-cut correlation between the level and nature of an injury on the one hand, and the severity of the pain syndrome, on the other. A more significant progression was observed in abruption of the inferior roots than in that of superior ones. The X-ray radionuclide correlations allow one to assess the nature of abnormal changes not only at the preganglionary, but postganglionary levels.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of selective dorsal rhizotomy for treating spasticity in patients with infantile cerebral palsy].

The paper gives the results of using selective dorsal rhizotomy at the lumbosacral level in 15 children with infantile cerebral paralysis, 12 of whom were at the age of 6 to 15 years. It also discusses surgical techniques, the use of intraoperative stimulation, and the impact of selective dorsal rhizotomy on muscle tone. The paper provides evidence for the benefits of surgery reducing the muscle tone at the expense of its spastic component. Based on the relationship between the number of cut fibers as part of each root and the degree of decreased muscle tone, a procedure is proposed for conservative surgical interventions to be used in patients employing spasticity for support.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The validation of a procedure for the surgical treatment of intervertebral disk hernias of the cervical spine].

Thirty-four consecutive patients with cervical disc herniation underwent surgical treatment at Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute. The clinical signs and diagnostic findings as well as surgical results were analyzed. Predominance of direct spinal cord involvement, characteristic changes in the anterior spinal artery and afferent vessels confirm the fact that cervical disk herniation causes vascular changes to take place, which in turn affect neural structures. Microsurgical techniques with maximum preservation of bone structures and vertebral endplates is mandatory. If multiple disk herniations are present, the most prominent compressing disk fragment should be removed. Stabilization following the surgery is considered effective.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The late-period results of surgical treatment for trauma to the cervical spine and spinal cord].

Seven patients with late-stage spinal cord injury (SCI) at the cervical level were operated on 2 to 11 months following the accident. To assess the preoperative status and the results of surgical treatment, the ASIA motor scoring system was utilized. In 6 cases anterior decompression was combined with a strut graft fusion, one patient was managed via posterior approach, i.e. C7 laminectomy, followed by myelotomy and drainage of the intramedullary cyst. Segmental motor improvement was noted in 3 patients. In one patient minor sensory improvement in the sacral area was documented. We believe even minor (i.e. segmental) neurological improvement can significantly alter the functional outcome. Our sense is that an evidence of the spinal cord compression even in late-stage SCI should be considered to be an indication for surgery. In patients with complete SCI, the goal of surgical treatment is segmental motor improvement. If muscular strength in the upper extremities is preserved, surgery is thought to be optional.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The results of omentomyelopexy in the late period of traumatic spinal cord disease].

The results of omental transplantation to the site of spinal cord lesion in 40 patients in late injury are given. Neurological deficit was alleviated in 17.5% of patients. Improvement of segmentary functions was observed in most cases and was recorded within 1 week to 3 months postoperatively. There was no neurological improvement after 6 months postoperatively. Patients with mild spinal cord injuries (D10-L1) had the best outcomes. Comparative analysis of the outcomes of omentomyelopexy with those of treatment in 115 patients undergone meningomyeloradicolysis did not demonstrate any significant difference. Thus, it is not justifiable to use omental transposition in late spinal cord injury.

Adolescent↗