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Biomedical subjects

I Obrez

Publications and source records attributed to I Obrez.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Prevention of pacing-induced silent myocardial ischaemia by nifedipine in coronary heart disease.

In 11 patients with angiographically documented significant coronary heart disease silent (asymptomatic) segmental myocardial ischaemia was induced by rapid atrial pacing using the sub-threshold rate (10 impulses min-1 less than angina-threshold rate). The effect of pacing-induced silent myocardial ischaemia on the left ventricular contraction was studied from three consecutive quantitative cineventriculographies--performed in control conditions (I) and during sub-threshold pacing before (II) and after (III) 20 mg nifedipine sublingually. On this basis, left ventricular mean relative hemiaxis shortening (X delta r%) for anterior, inferior and apical segments as well as ventricular volumes and ejection fraction using an area-length method were determined for every patient. Sub-threshold atrial pacing significantly (P less than 0.0005) reduced X delta r% of non-infarcted post-stenotic myocardial segments (36 +/- 10%----23 +/- 10%; N = 14) having no significant effect on the contraction of normal and infarcted segments. As a consequence, left ventricular ejection fraction (72 +/- 10%----64 +/- 14%; P less than 0.005) and end-systolic volume (33 +/- 16 ml----43 +/- 20 ml; P less than 0.005) deteriorated too. After 20 mg nifedipine sublingually in post-stenotic non-infarcted segments characterized by pacing-induced silent ischaemia, normalization of X delta r% (23 +/- 10%----42 +/- 11%; P less than 0.0005) was observed together with significant improvement of ejection fraction (64 +/- 14%----75 +/- 10%; P less than 0.005) and with reduction of the aortic end-diastolic pressure (P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Sublingual↗
PubMed1985

Acute effects of sublingual nifedipine on segmental and global left ventricular function in coronary artery disease; an angiographic study.

In 12 patients with significant coronary artery disease (CAD) segmental and global left ventricular (LV) function was studied by quantitative cineventriculography before and 5 min after sublingual administration of 20 mg nifedipine (N). Significant increase of mean relative hemiaxes shortening of inferior (24 +/- 10%----38 +/- 13%) and apical (31 +/- 10%----42 +/- 14%) wall segments, as well as improvement of ejection fraction (61 +/- 14%----75 +/- 14%), mean circumferential fiber shortening velocity (1.05 +/- 0.46 ccf/s----1.41 +/- 0.47 ccf/s) and end-systolic volume (57 +/- 26 ml----37 +/- 27 ml) of the LV were found after administration of N. The highest increase of segmental contraction (28 +/- 11%----44 +/- 16%; p less than 0.001) was noted in 20 noninfarcted wall segments, perfused by significantly stenosed coronary arteries. No significant improvement could be detected in 6 infarcted segments. A second group consisting of 12 patients with CAD showed a significant reduction of the aortic end-diastolic pressure (89 +/- 9 mm Hg----79 +/- 7 mm Hg; p less than 0.001) but no significant change of isovolumic contractility indices and heart rate was observed after N administration. The study suggests that acute improvement of LV function, found 5 min after sublingual administration of N, is mainly due to improved contraction of ischemic myocardial wall segments. Among different possible reasons for this improvement LV afterload reduction after N administration seems to be the most important one.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

[Angiodysplasia - a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding].

Angiodysplasia is a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. The lesion has a specific appearance - markedly enlarged closely grouped veins with short channels between veins and arteries. The lesion may occur on any part of the gastrointestinal tract, but it is most often located in cecum. Its clinical manifestations are predominantly seen in patients beyond the age of 55 years. Selective angiography is the most certain way of diagnosing angiodysplasia. It can be diagnosed by endoscopy too. Resection of the inflicted part is the most successful treatment. Sometimes endoscopic coagulation or embolisation lisation have good results too. Three patients with angiodysplasia - a 74-year man, a 65-year woman with angiodysplasia on cecum and a 63-year woman with angiodysplasia on jejunum are shown. The diagnostic and therapeutic problems of this rare illness are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Fibromyxoma of the left ventricle as a cause of heart aneurysm and recurrent thromboembolism].

Primary heart tumours are a rarity but no more an academic curiosity. When recognised they may be successfully surgically treated. A Cardiac tumour is to be suspected in thromboembolism of young people especially in the absence of cardiac symptoms. A short review of possible symptoms and diagnostic methods available in the present is given. A successfully operated case of fibromyxoma of the left ventricle with consecutive cardiac aneurysm and peripheral thromboembolism is presented. Selective coronary angiography and cine-cardioangiography were the deciding investigations. The nature of the tumour is shown by means of classical histology as with the aid of electron microscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Echinococcosis of the heart].

Although echinococcosis in different parts of the world and also in some sheep raising regions of our country belongs to a pretty frequent parasitary entity, the localisation of hydatid cyst in cardiac muscle is relatively rare: according to different authors it amounts only to 0,02-2% of all the echinococcoses. Heyat and al. in their cummulative world statistic up to 1971 collected only 118 surgically treated cases. The problematic of this pathology is presented. Beside a proper in extracorporeal circulation successfully operated case of an echinococcosis of the left ventricle, recent possibilities of exact preoperative localisation with the aid of coronarography and left ventricular cineangiography are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Isolated single coronary artery: diagnosis, angiographic classification, and clinical significance.

Isolated single coronary artery is a rare congenital anomaly occuring in approximately 0.024% of the population. This entity can be diagnosed during life only by coronary angiography. Ten patients with isolated single coronary artery are reported. Based on angiographic analysis, a new classification is proposed, according to the site of origin and anatomical distribution of the branches. Typical angina did not occur with single coronary artery in the absence of coexisting coronary artery disease or aortic stenosis. No correlation was apparent between the type of anomalous patterns and the symptoms of angina.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A "wire-whip" catheter for selective catheterization of aortic branches.

A multipurpose "wire-ship" catheter has been developed for selective catheterization of branches arising from the aorta. The catheter tip is formed in three dimensions to allow simple selective catheterization and to provide improved stability during injection of contrast media by power injector or by hand. For successful catheterization it is essential to match the diameter of the catheter coil to the aortic lumen at the specific level to be studied; consequently, five standard sizes of coil diameter from 10--18 mm are currently produced. With an additional side hole in the coil, semiselective angiograms may be obtained. The wire-whip catheter has been used in over 200 angiographic examinations. The renal, celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric circulations have been most commonly studied, but other aortic branches such as the bronchial, intercostal, phrenic, and lumbar arteries have been catheterized as well. There have been no serious complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Myocardial contractility in primary nonobstructive myocardiopathy.

Left ventricular myocardial function was studied in 13 patients with primary nonobstructive myocardiopathy and compared to the values determined in two control groups. Peak rate of rise of ventricular pressure (max dp/dt) and rate of the proportional rise of ventricular pressure at max dp/dt [(max dp/dt)p-1] were significantly decreased and interval t-max dp/dt was significantly prolonged in primary myocardiopathy, indicating that decreased contractility is characteristic of this disease. Left ventricular pre-ejection period (PEP) was significantly prolonged and PEP/LVET (left ventricular ejection time) ratio was significantly higher in patients with primary myocardiopathy. Increased end diastolic volume (EDV) and end diastolic pressure (EDP) were not characteristic of this diease. Best correlations were found between (max dp/dt)p-1 and t-max dp/dt (r = 0.71). Good correlations between PEP/LVET and internal indices of myocardial contractility qualify this ratio as a simple and useful index of myocardial contractility in various heart diseases.

Adult↗