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Biomedical subjects

I P Lukashevich

Publications and source records attributed to I P Lukashevich.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Pathogenetic mechanisms of stuttering].

A complex study including neurologic, psychologic, neurophysiologic and EEG investigation of 33 stutter patients was performed to determine pathogenetic mechanisms of stutter. All clinical data obtained were presented by means of structural schemes based on topical diagnosis. All the symptoms were divided into blocks containing information about functional state of separate CNS structures and systems, character and degree of observed deviation. The analysis of obtained results permits to consider dysfunction of hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal system under emotional stress as a cause of stutter. Peculiarities of the neurohumoral regulatory system development determine both age and sex specificity of the considered syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Prognostic criteria of speech rehabilitation in patients with sequelae after ischemic stroke].

Structural analysis concerning a complex of both neuropsychologic and clinical data of the patients with sequelae of ischemic stroke was performed. It was revealed, that a character of the local alterations of electric activity (EA) on EEG, testifying a functional state of cerebral structures, was an important prognostic criterion of the efficiency of neurorehabilitation. The local EA changes in form of groups of theta-waves and sharp waves of alpha- and theta-activities were prognostically favourable signs; meanwhile polymorphic slow-wave was unfavourable background for performing a restorative education. An analysis of the speech disorders revealed that both semantic and dynamic aphasias occur more frequently after ischemic stroke. A semantic aphasia was always accompanied by the dynamic one and each form may be both leading and secondary. It may be dependent on location of a focus (according to EEG) as well as on the character and manifestation of the accompanying neuropsychologic symptomatology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[EEG diagnostic potential in the estimation of the severity and sequelae of ischemic stroke].

Simultaneous consideration of both electroencephalographic and neurologic data as well as the results of both computer and emission computer tomography in patients with consequences of ischemic stroke during a process of neurorehabilitation gave chance for more accurate definition of organic origin of some EEG phenomena. It was found that a damage of the conductive pathways between the cortex and subcortical structures associated with disorders of blood circulation in the area of the middle cerebral artery was accompanied by local disorders in electric activity of the cortex mainly in form of polymorphic waves of theta- and delta-ranges and groups of theta-waves. Besides, a character of the slow waves depended on the size of the damage and on the degree of a decrease of blood circulation in the area of the damage. A decrease of the damage focus and improvement of circulation during restoration process was accompanied by changes in local deviations in cortical electric activity: polymorphic slow waves activity was replaced by sharp waves of alpha- and theta-ranges. Location of the changes of electric activity in caudal regions of the cortex is an unfavourable prognostic sign for restoration of motor activity in patients with ischemic stroke.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[ECG manifestations in severe involvement of the coronary arteries in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease].

Correlation of electrocardiographic and coronarographic findings in patients with severe chronic coronary heart disease and massive coronary arterial lesions has demonstrated a tendency to increasing proportion of clinically normal electrocardiograms as more arteries are drawn into the pathologic process. Relationships between ECG voltage and different variants of coronary arterial damage are reviewed: the involvement of the right and part (at least one branch) of the left coronary arteries corresponds to low-voltage ECG. The association between left-ventricular aneurysm and the number of affected coronary arteries is examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Prognosis for immediate results of mitral commissurotomy].

To reveal the symptoms characterizing the relative danger of a surgical intervention the preoperative data of 417 patients subjected to isolated mitral commissurotomy were analyzed. The immediate result of mitral commissurotomy was shown to depend not only on the severity of the preoperative state of the patient, but also by additional factors. These factors appeared to vary in patients with different severity of the disease. Thus, a negative result of the operation in the group of the most severely sick patients was attributed to the presence of 4 (or more) of the following 6 signs: severe oedema (internal one including), reduced diuresis, cachexia, increased sedimentation rate (over 8mm/hour), colour index over 0.9, pulmonary artery pressure over 100 mm Hg. With 4 or more signs present the incidence of mortality comprised 0.75. Among those with 3 signs or less, the mortality rate comprised about 0.06 (t approximately 5.1). Thus, patients with similar severity of the disease could be divided into two groups sharply distinguished in their surgical prognosis.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of lesions to subcortical conducting pathways on the electrical activity of the human cerebral cortex.

Simultaneous assessment, during the neurorehabilitation process, of electroencephalographic and neurological data, along with computerized tomography and computerized emission tomography data from patients suffering from sequelae due to ischemic insult allowed the organic origin of a number of EEG phenomena to be identified. These studies showed that lesions to the conducting pathways between the cortex and subcortical structures due to circulatory pathology in the territory of the middle cerebral artery were accompanied by local changes in the electrical activity of the cortex, mainly in the form of polymorphic waves in the theta and delta frequency ranges, along with groups of theta oscillations. The nature of slow-wave oscillations depended on the extent of the lesions and the severity of the blood supply loss in the affected area. Reductions in the size of the lesion focus and improvements in blood supply during rehabilitation were accompanied by changes in the nature of local abnormalities in cortical electrical activity: polymorphic slow-wave activity was replaced by sharp waves in the alpha and theta frequency ranges. Localization of changes in the caudal part of the cortex was an unfavorable prognostic factor for patients with ischemic insult, in terms of recovery of motor function.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of afferent subcortical conduction pathways on speech function status].

The combined analysis of neuropsychologic, electroencephalographic, and neurologic data as well as of the results of computerized and emission-computerized tomography in patients with ischemic stroke during the neurorehabilitation period made it possible to ascertain the correlation between the lesions of subcortical pathways and speech disorders. Besides the intracortical, the cortico-subcortical connections of the left associative cortex were demonstrated. The semantic aphasia was shown to be always associated with the dynamic aphasia; and each of these forms could be either primary or secondary depending on the lesion localization (from the EEG and neurophysiologic data). The incidence of local polymorphous delta and theta waves in the EEG is an unfavorable predictive sign for patients after ischemic stroke.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[EEG-Expert automated diagnostic system].

The system is designed to describe and collect data of virtual analysis of electroencephalograms (EEG), as well as to make an expert conclusion on the functional status of the brain and its particular regions. The system includes three parallelly operating systems in the form of a EEC visual analysis schedule as a questionnaire. A programme provides recommendations for describing the level, pattern, and magnitude of the changes detected. Another programme automatically makes an EEC description and a conclusion on cerebral function in conformity with the signs given in the questionnaire and displays them on the screen and sends them to the print. The system may be used for practice in the in- and outpatient settings, for training and postgraduate training of young specialists, and for researches.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Structural organization of medical information as illustrated by diagnosis in child neurology].

Structuration of medical information is performed on three levels: structuration of the specialist's knowledge with resultant singling out key questions--blocks required for diagnosis in the given field; structuration of signs within the space of the blocks; identification of diagnostic syndromes basing on their signs analysis adjusted to resolving diagnostic tasks. The results of the method application in neuropathology are outlined.

Adolescent↗