Biomedical subjects

I Paclt

Publications and source records attributed to I Paclt.

14 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1998

Antidepressant drugs and heart electrical field.

Some antidepressant drugs, especially tricyclic ones--(TCA), have cardiovascular side effects. To compare the effects of antidepressant drugs, the electrocardiogram (ECG), vectorcardiogram (VCG), and body surface maps (BSM) were recorded in psychiatric patients without cardiovascular diseases treated by a) TCA amitriptyline or dosulepin (daily dose 50-200 mg, 22 patients), b) lithium (serum level 0.66 +/- 0.08 meq/l, 21 patients), c) selective serotonine reuptake inhibitor citalopram (daily doses 20-60 mg, 30 patients), and in 23 control patients. In the TCA-treated patients, the heart rate was increased, QT and RR intervals shortened (p < 0.01, antimuscarinic effect). This was not observed in lithium- and citalopram-treated patients. All antidepressants decreased the absolute maximum values of depolarization isointegral maps, lithium and TCA reduced the initial and citalopram the later phase of depolarization. Citalopram slightly diminished the amplitude of the R wave. The results confirm the antimuscarinic effects of TCA in therapeutic doses and specify the intraventricular effects of antidepressants.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[Stimulants].

The authors present a comprehensive account of stimulants from chemical structure to clinical use. They analyze in detail the function and pharmacokinetic properties of stimulants but also their clinical and undesirable side-effects. The section on the interaction of stimulants and other drugs and other types of treatment is very important. The second part of the paper deals with indications and contraindications of stimulants, incl. the possible risk of the development of dependence. There are many indications for stimulants in clinical (in particular paedopsychiatric) practice.

Central Nervous System Stimulants↗

PubMed1996

[Attention deficit in hyperactive children].

The most typical features of hyperactivity in children (ADHD) are deficient attention, impulsiveness and hyperactivity on which the present paper is focused. With this problem symptoms are associated such as sensomotor problems, intellectual questions, impaired sleep, emotional disorders and behavioural disorders. The part devoted to etiology analyzes the impact of the environment and of genetic factors on ADHD whereby the latter factor is dominant. As regards treatment, the authors discuss not only pharmacological treatment, but also counselling for parents and teachers of thus affected children.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗

PubMed1996

[Effect of Aponeuron in the treatment of children with hyperkinetic syndrome].

The submitted original paper deals with hyperactivity of children (ADHD) and their treatment by means of the stimulant Aponeuron. The authors made a long-term, double blind, placebo controlled trial which comprised more than 20 hyperactive children. The applied methods are described in detail and the results of individual investigations are summarized. Moreover it is a subject to which in the local professional literature, contrary to that in other countries, little attention was paid, although it is a frequent disorder. Administration of Aponeuron (and stimulations in general) proved useful in the treatment of this disorder. The subtle and crude motorics improved, symptoms of hyperactivity disappeared and the general school performance of the child improved.

Amphetamines↗

PubMed1993

[Neuroleptics in the treatment of schizophrenia in childhood].

In 40 patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia, aged 4-15 years, the author revealed markedly more frequently than in adults autistic, catatonic, obsedant, pseudoneurasthenic and depressive symptoms. For treatment incisive as well as inhibitory neuroleptics are used. Some patients with negative symptoms respond favourably to pimozide. In half the patients there is an obvious trend of chronicity.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

[Ritanserin in autistic children].

Ritanserine had a positive effect on children with Rett's syndrome and children with autistic syndrome and mental retardation. The most marked effect was observed in reduction of psychomotor instability, impaired concentration of attention and partly also in autism.

Autistic Disorder↗

PubMed1992

[Alkaline phosphatase activity and bone isoenzymes in children treated with lithium].

The acute stage of manic depressive psychosis before the onset of lithiotherapy is characterized, similarly as the group of patients with the diagnosis of schizoaffective psychosis, by low levels of bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase and normal values of alkaline phosphatase which in the course of lithium treatment decline markedly, similarly as in patients with unipolar manic depressive psychosis. The mentioned changes are very probably associated with changes of the extracellular calcium homeostasis. Schizophrenic patients do not have the described changes and the activities of AP and bone isoenzyme are the same before and after lithiotherapy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991