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Biomedical subjects

I Peled

Publications and source records attributed to I Peled.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Reduced ambulatory heart rate response to physical work and complaints of fatigue among hypertensive males treated with beta-blockers.

Treatment with beta-blockers affects oxygen metabolism and lipolysis during physical exertion. Together with possible central nervous system effects, this may impair the work capacity of treated hypertensive subjects. In a study of 1619 male employees, aged 45-64 years, mean resting and ambulatory heart rate (HR) and complaints of fatigue were compared between hypertensive workers treated with beta-blockers and untreated hypertensives and normotensives under low and high workload conditions. Treated hypertensives had lower mean resting HRs compared with normotensives and untreated hypertensives. Their change from resting to ambulatory HR during low and high workload was also lower than normotensives and untreated hypertensives, and they had higher fatigue scores than their untreated counterparts at both workload levels. The highest fatigue score was reported by treated subjects under high workload. These findings demonstrate a reduced HR response to physical work accompanied by more symptoms of fatigue during treatment with beta-blockers. When hypertensives are engaged in physically demanding work, other classes of antihypertensive therapy should be considered.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1992

Differences in the prevalence of hypertension by ethnic origin and age at immigration in a cohort of 5,146 Israelis.

Marked ethnic differences in hypertension prevalence have been described in Jewish immigrants to Israel. The extent to which this phenomenon has persisted after a long period of living in the same country, and whether native-born descendants exhibit similar patterns, is not clear. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension in immigrants to Israel and native-born Israelis by region of origin and age at immigration. Complete data were available for 5,146 subjects (3,607 men and 1,539 women) aged 20-64 years who were employed in Israeli industries and were examined during 1985-1987. In both sexes, Jews originating in the West (Europe and the Americas) had higher blood pressures and a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension than those from northern Africa or Asia, particularly in the age group 20-44 years (17% vs. 9% and 8% in men, respectively, and 9% vs. 3% and 5% in women). There was a significant positive association between the prevalence of hypertension and age at immigration (p less than 0.001) in both sexes, and this finding was present in all ethnic groups. In multiple logistic regression analysis, the associations of hypertension with ethnic origin and age at immigration were only partly explained by variations in body mass index, after controlling for other potentially confounding variables. These findings suggest that despite these subjects' having shared a relatively similar physical environment for many years, ethnic differences in the prevalence of hypertension persist. Immigration at an older age was associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension for both subjects originating in industrialized countries and those originating in nonindustrialized countries, suggesting that the process of immigration itself may adversely affect blood pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Gender differences in platelet count and its association with cigarette smoking in a large cohort in Israel.

Cigarette smoking has an effect on platelet function and aggregation although the sensitivity of platelet count in reflecting this phenomenon is not known. The association of platelet count with smoking habits was examined in a cohort of 5017 Israeli industrial workers aged 20-64 years. Males had a significantly lower age-adjusted mean platelet count than females (225,600 vs 247,800/microliters; p less than 0.001). Female smokers had lower platelet counts than non-smokers (231,000 for heavy vs 252,000 for never smokers) with a strong dose-response relationship (p less than 0.0001), whereas among males platelet count was slightly higher in smokers (224,000 for non-smokers vs 227,000 for heavy smokers; p = 0.243). The difference in platelet count between the sexes remained almost identical after controlling for smoking status and hematocrit. In multiple regression analysis, the negative association between smoking and platelet count in women remained highly significant (p less than 0.001) after controlling for ethnic origin, alcohol consumption, body mass, hematocrit, cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, whereas for males the slight positive association was not significant. The reduced platelet count observed in males compared with females and in female smokers, suggests that platelet count may reflect sex differences in hemostasis and the effects of smoking on the hemostatic system. This may have implications for the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease and should be explored further.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Prevalence and control of hypertension in a large cohort of occupationally-active Israelis examined during 1985-1987: the Cordis Study.

In view of the many changes in the approach to the detection and management of hypertension that have occurred, the paucity of current data on this subject in Israel limits the possibilities of making international comparisons or evaluating trends. This study contributes recent information on the occupationally-active population. Between 1985 and 1987, blood pressures were measured and interview data obtained on awareness and treatment of hypertension in a sample of 3677 male and 1573 female employees in 21 Israeli industries, examined in the CORDIS Study. In the age group 35-64 years, the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension (greater than or equal to 160/95 mm Hg or treated) using the same standard population as the WHO MONICA Study was 17.1% for men and 16.1% for women. The prevalence for men was somewhat below the median country compared with the MONICA centres, whereas for women it was closer to the median. Marked ethnic differences were evident, with those of Western origin having the highest prevalence, and those of Asian origin, the lowest. Of the hypertensives, 35.6% of the men and 33.3% of the women were unaware of their condition. Among men aware, 82.8% were receiving treatment and 59.8% of them were under control; the corresponding percentages for women were 86.2% and 72.8%. Older people were more likely to be aware of their hypertension and receiving treatment. Beta-blockers and diuretics were the predominant drugs of choice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Worksite screening for high blood cholesterol: implications for detection, evaluation and treatment--the Israel CORDIS Study.

Current recommendations for optimal blood cholesterol levels could have major implications for the detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood cholesterol in Israel. During 1985-87, in the framework of the CORDIS Study, a sample of 3,556 males and 1,558 females, aged 20-64, employed in Israeli industry were screened at the worksite for lipids, lipoproteins and other cardiovascular risk factors. From the age-group 20-24 to 60-64 years, the prevalence of high blood cholesterol (greater than 239 mg/dl) increased from 1.6% to 34.3% for males and from 5.4% to 36.7% for females. Ethnic differences were present, with those from Western countries generally having the highest prevalence. When examined in two age-groups, 20-44 and 45-64 years respectively, 28.6% and 54% of males and 8.8% and 37.5% of females had a combination of cholesterol levels and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors for which lipoprotein analysis is currently recommended. There was an increase in the prevalence of high blood cholesterol with increased number of non-lipid CHD risk factors (for 0 to greater than or equal to 3 risk factors, age-adjusted prevalence ranged from 18.2 to 37.5% for males and 9.6% to 41.4% for females). Less than 5% of those with high blood cholesterol were aware of their condition, and less than 1% were under treatment. The prevalence of high blood cholesterol in the working population is Israel appears to be similar to that of the United States. Age-related changes in low density and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are such that monitoring of cholesterol in most people need not be more frequent than every 3-5 years. Any cholesterol screening program should be designed to allow for varying schedules according to age, sex and the presence of other risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Necrotizing periorbital cellulitis following septorhinoplasty.

The complication of infection after a septorhinoplasty is extremely rare. An unusual occurrence of necrotizing periorbital cellulitis after a routine septorhinoplasty in a 30-year-old pediatrician is presented. It consisted of marked swelling and superficial necrosis of the left eyelids and high fever that started one day after surgery. beta Hemolytic streptococcus was identified as the causative pathogen. The patient responded well to systemic antibiotics and conservative local treatment. After three years of followup the cosmetic appearance is reasonable.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Eikenella corrodens infection of the hand--a case report and literature review.

Eikenella corrodens, a gram-negative, slow-growing rod, belongs to the normal flora of mucous membranes. Infections of the hand including this pathogen, are described in human bite and clenched fist injuries. Our case demonstrates another possibility of wound contamination with normal oral flora causing Eikenella corrodens infection. The consequences due to the delay of appropriate therapy are discussed.

Bacteroides Infections↗
PubMed1985

Malignant phenylketonuria due to defective synthesis of dihydrobiopterin.

A defect in the synthesis of dihydrobiopterin was detected in an Arab girl, ascertained through high blood phenylalanine level on neonatal screening. An oral loading test with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) caused a significant fall in her blood phenylalanine and a rise in tyrosine concentrations. Her blood biopterin levels were low. In urine and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) very high neopterin and low biopterin levels were observed. A deficiency of metabolites of neurotransmitters, serotonin and dopamine, was observed in CSF and urine. The patient was given replacement therapy of BH4, 5-hydroxytryptophan, and L-dopa with carbidopa starting from the age of 16 to 18 weeks. On this treatment the blood phenylalanine levels dropped to the desired range, while in urine and CSF a satisfactory rise of neurotransmitter metabolites was observed. In spite of this biochemical control, the patient developed neurological symptoms with myoclonic jerks and changes in muscle tone and presented severe cerebral damage with mental retardation. She died suddenly at the age of 38 weeks.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗