PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Penttilä

Publications and source records attributed to I Penttilä.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effect of freezing and ultrasonication on the density of human lymphocyte beta 2-adrenoceptors.

In this study 21 pregnant volunteers were divided into three equal groups; blood samples were taken from each, and after isolation of the lymphocytes the cell suspensions were divided into two equal samples. The density of beta 2-adrenoceptor in intact lymphocytes was compared with the receptor density for lymphocytes stored 7 days or 19 days at -70 degrees C and with cells disrupted by ultrasonication. Storage by lymphocytes at -70 degrees C for 7 days to 19 days decreased the beta 2-adrenoceptor density by 20% and 37%, respectively; ultrasonication decreased the density by 65%.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Boreal freshwater fish diet modifies the plasma lipids and prostanoids and membrane fatty acids in man.

The effect of fish diet on 43 healthy male students was studied. They ate a fish-containing meal for 15 weeks on an average of 3.7 times per week. Twenty-one of them voluntarily restricted their lipid intake while the rest ate normally. Controls continued their usual eating habits (19 students). The meals consisted of Finnish freshwater fish (87%) (vendace, pike, perch and rainbow trout) and brackish water fish (13%) (Baltic herring) that provided about 1 g of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids per day (0.25 g eicosapentaenoic acid and 0.55 g docosahexaenoic acid). During the diet, omega-3 fatty acids increased in erythrocyte ghosts and platelets at the expense of omega-6 fatty acids. The concentration of serum cholesterol diminished in those fish consumers who lowered their lipid intake. Apolipoprotein A1 and B were lowered in both fish-consuming groups. Triglyceride levels also showed a tendency to decrease. The formation of thromboxane B2 during incubation of whole blood decreased in both fish-consuming groups. The decrease of plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was not statistically significant, if compared with the controls. The results obtained indicate that a moderate intake of fish-containing meals has some beneficial effects on the plasma lipid and prostanoid metabolism, when coronary heart disease risk factors are considered.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1988

Effects of hypocaloric diet and insulin therapy on metabolic control and mechanisms of hyperglycemia in obese non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects.

We studied the effects of hypocaloric diet (500 kcal/d) and insulin therapy in 15 obese (body mass index greater than 30.0 kg/m2) non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with secondary drug failure and poor metabolic control. The patients were randomly allocated either to hypocaloric diet (n = 8) or to insulin treatment (n = 7). After 2 weeks of treatment there was a significant improvement in the fasting blood glucose, in the mean diurnal glucose, in glucosuria, and in glucose response to a 75-g oral glucose load in both groups. No change in insulin secretion was seen in either group. Glucose disposal rates (GDR) improved significantly both in the diet-treated group (from 2.34 +/- 0.15 to 4.01 +/- 0.40 mg/kg/min, P less than .01) and in the insulin-treated group (from 2.46 +/- 0.33 to 2.77 +/- 0.29 mg/kg/min, P less than .01). The improvement was greater in the diet-treated group (71%) than in the insulin-treated group (13%, P less than .05). The increase of GDR in the diet-treated group was due to an increase of nonoxidative GDR (from 1.18 +/- 0.17 to 2.98 +/- 0.39 mg/kg/min, P less than .001) as assessed by indirect calorimetry. In the insulin-treated group there was a small increase both in oxidative and nonoxidative GDR, but the changes were not statistically significant. Hepatic glucose output (HGO) in a postabsorptive state decreased significantly both in the diet-treated group (from 2.49 +/- 0.15 to 2.04 +/- 0.10 mg/kg/min, P less than .01) and in the insulin-treated group (from 2.63 +/- 0.23 to 2.05 +/- 0.12 mg/kg/min, P less than .01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Atherosclerotic vascular disease and its risk factors in non-insulin-dependent diabetic and nondiabetic subjects in Finland.

A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD) and its risk factors in non-insulin-dependent diabetic and nondiabetic subjects was carried out from 1982 to 1984 in East Finland (Kuopio) and West Finland (Turku), two areas known to differ markedly in prevalence of ASVD in the nondiabetic population. A total of 510 diabetic and 649 nondiabetic subjects aged 45-64 yr were examined in East Finland and 549 diabetic and 724 nondiabetic subjects of the same age in West Finland. In both areas and in both sexes the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and intermittent claudication was higher in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. Both in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects the prevalence of ASVD was higher in East Finland than in West Finland. In men, the East-West difference in the prevalence of symptomatic CHD and claudication was greater in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. In both areas and in both sexes the serum lipid pattern was more atherogenic and hypertension was more frequent in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. In both diabetic and nondiabetic subjects, serum total-cholesterol level was somewhat higher and hypertension was more frequent in East Finland than in West Finland. The East-West difference in serum total-cholesterol was greater in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. In multiple logistic analyses including cardiovascular risk factors, diabetes status, and area of residence, residence in East Finland was found to be, in addition to diabetes, a strong independent factor associated with CHD, particularly in men.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1987

Association of serum lipids and lipoproteins with plasma C-peptide concentration in non-insulin-dependent diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.

Serum lipids and lipoproteins were studied in 149 non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects treated with diet or oral drugs (75 men, 74 women) and in 101 nondiabetic control subjects (49 men, 52 women) in relation to endogenous insulin secretion capacity measured by plasma C-peptide response to intravenous glucagon. Serum HDL- and HDL2-cholesterol concentrations were lower and VLDL-cholesterol and total and VLDL-triglyceride concentrations higher in subjects with high C-peptide response (above the median) than in subjects with low C-peptide response (lower or equal to median) both in diabetic and control subjects of both sexes. Adjustment for the effect of obesity abolished these differences in serum lipids and lipoproteins in diabetic subjects but not in control subjects. This may indicate that obesity has stronger influence on serum lipids in diabetic subjects than in nondiabetic subjects.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1987

Haematological and immunological features of patients with fissured tongue syndrome.

Blood samples from 40 patients with fissured tongue syndrome (FTS) were examined, and the results were compared with those of 20 healthy control subjects. FTS was diagnosed when a) the patient had a fissured tongue with smooth-surfaced papillae (n = 25) or b) the patient had geographic tongue and some relatives had fissured tongue (n = 15). These tongue forms were verified also histologically. To evaluate the possibility of systemic disorders in patients with FTS we determined the whole blood picture and levels of vitamin B12, serum folate, serum ferritin, and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM, IgE). None of the patients with FTS nor any of the controls were found to be anaemic. The mean levels of serum vitamin B12, ferritin and folate were, however, slightly lower in the patient group than in the controls. These findings suggest that anaemia does not play a primary role in the aetiology of fissured tongue syndrome. The most striking haematological findings were the decreased thrombocyte and leucocyte counts in patients with fissured tongue syndrome compared with the control subjects. Furthermore, the lymphocyte count and serum IgG were low in the patient group. When the two patient groups were compared no differences were found. These observations are discussed from the standpoint of deficiency in the immunological defence mechanism of patients with fissured tongue syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Seasonal variations of lipid fatty acids of boreal freshwater fish species.

1. The fatty acid levels of muscle and liver lipids of perch, vendace and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) cultivated in the same area (for comparison) were monitored. 2. The total lipid content in the muscle of perch (Perca fluviatilis) and vendace (Coregonus albula) was less than 50% of that in rainbow trout and a seasonal variation was clear only in vendace. 3. The relative amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as omega-3 acids were higher in vendace and perch than in cultivated rainbow trouts. Arachidonic acid content was much higher in vendace and perch than in rainbow trout. The content of monoenes was considerably higher in rainbow trout than in free freshwater fish. 4. The seasonal variations in the degree of unsaturation were small in fish muscle. 5. In the muscle of rainbow trout the relative amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids diminished with the increase of total lipids.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Fasting, postprandial and postprandial plus glucagon-stimulated plasma C-peptide levels in non-insulin-dependent diabetics and in control subjects.

We have studied fasting, postprandial and postprandial plus glucagon-stimulated plasma C-peptide levels in 149 non-insulin-dependent diabetics treated either with diet or oral drugs and in 101 non-diabetic control subjects. Diet-treated diabetics showed the highest fasting, postprandial and post-glucagon C-peptide levels in both sexes. In men, diabetics treated with oral drugs showed lower postprandial and glucagon-stimulated C-peptide levels than control subjects, while in women C-peptide levels in this group of diabetics were similar to those in control subjects. The distribution of individual plasma C-peptide levels was wide in non-insulin-dependent diabetics and control subjects and there was considerable overlapping in plasma C-peptide distribution for diabetics and control subjects. Fasting and post-glucagon plasma C-peptide levels in diabetics showed an inverse association to plasma glucose levels and a positive association to degree of obesity, but no association with the known duration of diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Plasma renin activity and cAMP in termination of pregnancy induced by sulprostone.

Plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma concentrations of cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and the serum levels of oestradiol, progesterone, chorionic gonadotrophin, potassium, sodium and calcium were estimated in connection with termination of pregnancy induced in 23 women by sulprostone, a derivative of prostaglandin E2. A rapid decrease in PRA was observed during and after infusion of 1000 micrograms or 1500 micrograms sulprostone. PRA returned to the initial values at 24 h after drug administration. The lowest levels of PRA were 36% and 51% of the initial values (P less than 0.001) in the two drug concentration groups. No significant changes were observed in the control group. The value for plasma cAMP did not correspond completely to the changes in PRA. Serum concentrations of oestradiol, progesterone and chorionic gonadotrophin showed a gradual decrease during drug administration. The changes in serum potassium, sodium and calcium were minimal. The decrease in PRA associated with sulprostone is very surprising. Our finding elucidates in part the still rather poorly known mechanisms and function of renin-angiotensin system in pregnancy.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of a quantitative photometric latex agglutination immunoassay for alpha-foetoprotein.

A simple quantitative photometric method is described for the determination of serum alpha-foetoprotein using latex particle agglutination in an immunochemical system. This method is based on the quantitative photometric measurement of agglutination of latex particles coated with antibodies against alpha-foetoprotein. The turbidity is measured at a wavelength of 340 nm. Agglutination causes a decrease in absorbance. Interference by serum constituents, e.g. rheumatoid factors, are avoided by pretreating the serum samples with buffered polyethylene glycol. Concentrations of 0 to 640 micrograms/l were used for the standard curve. Analytical recoveries were 99.5 to 105.2%. Maximum within and between runs coefficients of variation were 6.2 and 11.6%. The correlation coefficient of the method with radioimmunoassay (RIA), calculated from results on 117 serum samples, was 0.997, and the regression equation y = 0.99x (RIA) - 7.23.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMed1987

Relationship of blood pressure and left ventricular mass to serum insulin levels in newly diagnosed non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetic patients and in non-diabetic subjects.

The relationship of blood pressure to fasting and postglucose serum insulin and lipid levels was examined in 133 (70 men, 63 women) newly diagnosed, non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients and 144 (62 men, 82 women) non-diabetic control subjects. In addition, the frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy by ECG criteria and left ventricular mass determined by M-mode echocardiography in diabetic patients were compared to that in non-diabetic subjects. Fasting serum insulin showed a significant correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels in male non-diabetic subjects, but not in male and female diabetic or in female non-diabetic subjects. Postglucose serum insulin levels showed no significant correlations with systolic or diastolic blood pressure levels in men, but in female diabetic and non-diabetic subjects significant correlations were found in particular with systolic blood pressure level. The correlations between serum insulin and blood pressure levels could not be accounted for by obesity. In male and female diabetic subjects serum triglycerides correlated positively with systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels even after adjustment for obesity. No significant difference was found in the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy based on ECG criteria between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects, but female diabetic subjects showed in echocardiography an increased left ventricular mass related to body surface area compared to their non-diabetic counterparts. Elevated systolic blood pressure and high postglucose serum insulin levels showed an independent, significant association with left ventricular mass in female diabetic subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Plasma vitamin C levels are low in premature infants fed human milk.

To evaluate the vitamin C nutritional status of premature infants, plasma vitamin C concentrations were measured in 7 neonates born before 32 wk of gestation and in 13 premature infants born at or after 32 wk of gestation. Samples of umbilical venous plasma from 14 full-term infants were analyzed to provide reference values. Oral feedings with pooled, pasteurized milk from human donors were initiated 1-3 days after birth and intake was gradually increased to 200 ml X kg X day during the second week. After 2 wk, the 13 larger infants received approximately half of their daily milk intake from their own mothers. Results showed that plasma concentrations of vitamin C decline rapidly after birth and approach very low levels in preterm infants fed pasteurized, pooled human milk.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1986

Liquid-chromatographic detection of aspartylglycosaminuria.

We describe a specific, simple liquid-chromatographic method for detecting the lysosomal storage disease aspartylglycosaminuria. The method is based on identification and quantification of the major storage compound 2-acetamido-1-L-beta-aspartamido-1, 2-dideoxy-beta-D-glucose in the urine of affected individuals. Sample preparation and chromatographic analysis requires 30 min. Within-day variation of the method was less than 4.4%, between-day variation less than 11.7% (n = 10 each).

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1985

Serum fatty acids, apolipoproteins, selenium and vitamin antioxidants and the risk of death from coronary artery disease.

The independent association of serum concentrations of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, apolipoproteins AI and B, selenium and vitamins A and E with the risk of death from coronary artery disease (CAD) was studied in 92 persons with no previous myocardial infarction, who died from CAD during a 5-year follow-up, and their 92 1-to-1 matched controls. Case-control pairs came from a randomly drawn population sample of approximately 12,000 persons aged 30 to 64 years from 2 provinces of eastern Finland, an area with exceptionally high CAD mortality. Control subjects were matched for sex, age, serum cholesterol, mean arterial pressure, tobacco consumption and history of cardiovascular diseases. The persons who died of CAD had lower serum esterified arachidonic acid concentrations before follow-up than the control subjects (41 vs 48 mg/liter, p = 0.05), and this difference was greater for pairs with no chest pain on effort (36 vs 50 mg/liter, p less than 0.05). The adjusted risk of CAD death in persons with a serum polyunsaturated to saturated (P/S) fatty acid ratio of 0.28 or less (in the lowest tertile) was 3.5-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5 to 8.2) compared with those with higher serum P/s ratios in a multivariate logistic model and 5.6-fold (95% CI 1.6 to 19.8) for pairs with no chest pain on effort. A low serum apolipoprotein AI concentration (1.25 g/liter or less, in the lowest tertile) was associated with a 2.5-fold (95% CI 1.1 to 5.7) adjusted risk of CAD death among the chest pain-free persons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Gas chromatographic determination of serum branched-chain alpha-keto acids derivatized by extractive alkylation.

The procedure presented for gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of alpha-keto acids is relatively simple, requiring only a few steps for the formation of derivatives suitable for measurement. The recoveries of the branched-chain alpha-keto acids varied from 92.7% to 106.7%, being sufficiently good especially when smaller amounts of the alpha-keto acids were added to serum. In addition, the coefficients of variation are satisfactorily small, also for biological samples. The measured values of branched-chain alpha-keto acids correspond well with those presented earlier by different methods. There exists a slight but insignificant difference between women and men, the values being lower in sera of women for the three branched-chain alpha-keto acids studied.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1985

The relationship of cardiovascular risk factors to the prevalence of coronary heart disease in newly diagnosed type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes.

The relationship of cardiovascular risk factors to the prevalence of coronary heart disease was examined in 133 newly diagnosed Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients (70 men, 63 women) aged from 45 to 64 years and in 144 randomly selected non-diabetic control subjects (62 men, 82 women) of the same age. The prevalence of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients, defined by symptoms and ischaemic ECG abnormalities in resting or exercise ECG, was more than threefold that in non-diabetic subjects. In multiple logistic analyses (including age, history of smoking, hypertension (+/-), serum cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, 2-h post-glucose serum insulin, body mass index and diabetes (+/-] carried out separately for men and women, diabetes showed an independent, significant association to coronary heart disease in both sexes. In addition, age and hypertension had a borderline association to coronary heart disease in men, whereas smoking and high 2-h post-glucose serum insulin level showed a significant association in women.

Blood Glucose↗