Biomedical subjects

I Podolak

Publications and source records attributed to I Podolak.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Prevalence of CTLA-4 polymorphism A49G in Ashkenazi Jews.

Type 1 diabetes has been associated with numerous genetic loci. One locus, IDD12, includes the gene for cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA-4). A polymorphism at position 49 in the CTLA-4 gene, causing a substitution of Thr --> Ala, has been associated with various autoimmune diseases, including diabetes. The frequency of the polymorphism in European and Oriental populations has been recorded, but the frequency among different ethnic groups within the United States has yet to be established. In the present study, we analyzed 100 DNA samples from Ashkenazi Jews to determine the polymorphism's prevalence in that population. The A/A genotype was found in 49% of individuals, 41% were heterozygous A/G, and 10% possessed the G/G genotype. The prevalence of the A/A genotype in Ashkenazi Jewish population is the highest reported to date. The incidence of the homozygous G/G genotype within Spanish controls, 8.8%, is the lowest, followed by the Ashkenazi general population. The frequency of the non-diabetes-associated A/A genotype shows a similarity to the frequency of the diabetes-susceptible HLA haplotype, DR4-DQ8. The low prevalence of the autoimmune-associated G allele among Ashkenazi Jewish and Spanish populations may explain a lower than expected incidence of diabetes in HLA-susceptible populations.

Abatacept↗

PubMed1998

An examination of the variables associated with the adoption of a computerized innovation (an operating room simulation model).

The purpose of this study was to describe the variables that influenced senior staff to decide to adopt (or reject) a computerized innovation (Operating Room Simulation Model) and to describe the decision process at four hospitals. Rogers' Innovation-Decision Process Model (1983) and Model of the Innovation Process in Organizations (1983) formed the conceptual framework for this study. Five specific variables (relevant advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, observability), that were shown in the literature to increase the probability of an innovation to be adopted, were investigated. The results of this study indicated that there was a match between relevant advantage and adoption and no match between compatibility and adoption. There were insufficient data to determine if a match existed between complexity, trialability and observability with adoption of the Model. The links between the organizational variables (agenda setting, matching, decision) and adoption of the OR Simulation Model were not conclusive.

Attitude to Computers↗

PubMed1998

Prevalence of factor V Leiden in African-Americans.

Factor V Leiden (FVL) refers to a mutation on the clotting factor, Factor V. Protein C is a factor involved in the fibrinolytic pathway. Activated protein C (APC) normally degrades activated Factor V. The presence of the Leiden mutation on Factor V makes this protein resistant to degradation by APC, leading to a hypercoagulable state. Previous studies reported a prevalence of FVL in various populations between 0-6% and absent in Africans. We studied two factor V alleles from one hundred random blood samples submitted for CBC. DNA was extracted, PCR was performed for wild-type allele and Leiden mutation with GH internal control for both reactions, and agarose gel electrophoresis was performed. Of 100 samples, five were heterozygous for FVL, which is in accord with other reports. Interestingly, four of 70 samples (5.8%) from African-Americans were positive for the mutation. The study indicates an apparent prevalence of 5% in the Newark, New Jersey population, including African-Americans.

Alleles↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pregnadienolone glycoside from wild garlic Allium ursinum L.

A thorough investigation of saponin fraction from the underground parts of wild garlic--Allium ursinum L. (Liliaceae) has led to the isolation of 3-[O-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)- alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-glucopyranoside-(1-->)]-3 beta-hydroxypregna-5,16-dien-20-one [1]. The structure of 1 was established by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Compound 1 is reported for the first time.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A comprehensive philosophy for nursing: the total approach.

The political, social, economic, and technological forces being experienced within health care today demand that we apply creative models and philosophies for the delivery of nursing services. This paper describes the application of a "Quality Management Model" and presents a "Philosophy of Nursing Quality" that incorporates the elements of quality, cost, caring and nursing in a holistic manner. Application of this Model and Philosophy could provide nurse managers the guidance required to survive the turbulent 90's. In combination, they maximize the potential for success for both the health care recipient and care provider.

Empathy↗