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Biomedical subjects

I R Rekhraj

Publications and source records attributed to I R Rekhraj.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

A comparative study of the distribution of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in prostatic tissues after simultaneous oral ingestion.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the levels of two quinolones, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, potent broad-spectrum antibiotics with very good oral bioavailability and low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for most pathogens, in the prostates of patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) after oral ingestion for surgical prophylaxis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight patients with BPH requiring a TURP ingested 250 mg of both drugs 2-4 h before operation. The levels of the drugs in the serum and prostate were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography and the levels of both drugs determined at the 6 and 9 o'clock positions in the prostate to examine any local variations in drug concentration. RESULTS: Ofloxacin concentrations were significantly higher in the serum and prostatic tissues compared with ciprofloxacin for the same dose, but its penetrance into the prostate was lower. This mainly reflected its higher oral bioavailability. Both drugs were present in concentrations 50% higher at the 6 o'clock than at the 9 o'clock position but both exceeded the MICs for most Gram-negative organisms except Pseudomonas. CONCLUSION: Ofloxacin has the advantage against ciprofloxacin of exceeding the MICs for Staphylococcus and Chlamydia. However, ciprofloxacin has the advantage of having prostate-to-serum ratios of unity, but for the same dose the prostatic concentrations of ofloxacin is significantly higher.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)--our first 100 cases.

One hundred consecutive cases treated by Transurethral Microwave Thermotherapy (TUMT) since October 1991 were analysed to assess its efficacy and safety. Out of these, 28 were in urinary retention. Patients were selected based on Madsen Symptom Score (MSS), Uroflowmetry, Transrectal Ultrasound Scanning (TRUS) plus biopsy and flexible cystoscopy. In the non-retention group, symptomatic improvement was 81%; mean MSS dropped from 13.6 to 2.6 at one year. Objective improvement was less marked: mean peak urine flowrate (PFR) (+45%), mean residual volume (-63%) and mean prostatic volume (-15%). 8.3% had failed TUMT requiring TURP. In the retention group, 79% was able to void freely after TUMT. Fourteen percent underwent TURP. Based on given criteria, the overall response rate for MSS and PFR averaged 71% at 3 months, 72% at 6 months and 84% at 1 year. Sixty-seven percent of patients who responded to a phone interview were satisfied with TUMT treatment. Minimal morbidity was encountered: temporary retention for non-retention group (24%), UTI (9%), haematuria (7%), impotence (2%) and fistula (1%). There was no treatment-related death. The results showed that TUMT is a viable alternative and safe treatment of BPH.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Urethroplasty in the treatment of urethral strictures.

The treatment of urethral strictures has been revolutionised since urethroplasty was described three decades ago. Although majority of strictures respond to the age old procedure of bouginage, a small number, however, need surgical intervention because of associated complications. Over the past six years, thirty-four patients were treated by some form of urethroplasty. Eighteen had meatoplasty for meatal stenosis, two of which recurred and were converted to two stage anterior urethroplasty. Three patients, with long anterior stricture, were subjected to two staged operation as a primary procedure. The posterior urethra was affected in eight patients and two of them also had fistulae. All these patients were subjected to urethroplasty which was modified according to the extent of stricture. Two patients with prostato-membranous strictures were dealt with transpubically in one stage. In five patients the entire urethra distal to the membranous part was affected by a long standing stricture, three of whom were also complicated by fistulae. They were similarly dealt by a full length two stage urethroplasty. Satisfactory results were achieved in all except three patients whose stricture recurred and needed a surgical reconstruction. Only one patient in this series developed impotence and true incontinence.

Adolescent↗