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I Rychlík

Publications and source records attributed to I Rychlík.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[The spectrum of diseases associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies].

BACKGROUND: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are considered as a diagnostic marker of systemic vasculitis and rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis. They are frequently associated with other pathological conditions. The author's objective was to analyze a group of patients examined at the Department of Clinical Immunology of the First Medical Faculty Charles University in the course of one year and evaluation of the diagnostic asset of the ANCA examination. METHODS AND RESULTS: ANCA was assessed in serum using the method of indirect immunofluorescence. In cases of p-ANCA the ELISA test was used to assess antimyeloperoxidase antibodies. Clinical data were evaluated on the basis of analysis of a questionnaire sent to doctors of patients where ANCA was detected. In 1992 1010 specimens were examined and in 115 ANCA was detected. This was the case in a group of 65 patients with the following diagnoses: systemic vasculitis 26x, systemic immunopathological diseases 12x, renal diseases 9x, inflammatory bowel diseases 7x, inflammatory eye diseases 6x, monoclonal paraproteinaemia 2x, other 4x. The patients had renal affections (45%), affections of the joints (20%), skin (18%), eyes (14%), lungs (12%), GIT (11%), ENT (9%), and nerves (9%). Type c in titres above 1:160 was always associated with the diagnosis of Wegener's granulomotosis, in other instances c- or x-types titres of 1:20 were involved. Antibodies against myeloperoxidase were detected in four instances. CONCLUSIONS: The authors confirmed that c-ANCA in high concentrations are specific for the predominantly active form of Wegener's granulomatosis. The group of patients with p-ANCA is too small to generalize the diagnostic impact. Low ANCA concentrations are found in many other diseases. The importance of ANCA can be evaluated only in a clinical context and the importance of their presence must not be overestimated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Adhesion molecules and cytokines in vasculitides].

Renal vasculitis syndromes include particular characteristic changes in concentrations of some cytokines in plasma or urine. Preliminary results suggest that the systemic lupus erythematodes with affliction of the kidneys is specifically concomitted by the increase in IL-8, both in plasma and urine. ANCA-positive renal vasculitis syndromes appear to coincide with a typical increase in the synthesis of interleukin-6 in the kidneys. We suggest that the monitoring of individual cytokine levels in plasma and urine will enable to study in greater detail the immunopathogenesis of renal vasculitis syndromes and the extent of local production of cytokines which may cause further progression of renal lesions. (Fig. 4, Tab. 1, Ref. 10.).

Cell Adhesion Molecules↗
PubMed1995

[Diagnostic and pathogenic significance of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in vasculitides].

OBJECTIVES: The study represents a complex report on diagnostic and pathogenic significance of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA). Our report is founded on the results of our clinical and experimental studies. METHODS: ANCA was examined by indirect immunofluorescence, or ELISA-anti MPO. The data for evaluation of diagnostic ANCA associations were gained by means of questionnaires. The experimental part involved examination of the impact of sera containing ANCA and monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) against proteinase 3 and control MoaB specific for neutrophils. RESULTS: Within the course of 1 year we have examined 1010 samples, ANCA was found in 65 patients: 26 cases of systemic vasculitis, 12 cases of other autoimmune diseases, 9 cases of isolated glomerulonephritis, 7 cases of inflammatory intestinal diseases, 6 cases of ophthalmic inflammatory diseases, and 6 cases of other diseases. Vasculitis of small vessels found in our group of patients are concomitted by ANCA positivity in 90% (Wegener's granulomatosis 15/16, Churg--Strauss's syndrome 3/5, MPA 9/9), vasculitis of medium vessels 12% (classical polyarteritis nodosa 1/2, Kawasaki disease 0/2, Henoch--Schönlein's purpura 0/4, Takayasu's arteritis 1/4). The ANCA-containing sera inhibit the candidacidal activity by 65% in average. THe inhibitory impact is yielded by anti-proteinase MoAb, in contrast to the control MoAb. CONCLUSION: c-ANCA in high concentration is specific for active form of Wegener's granulomatosis, other types of ANCA in low titres are not of diagnostic value for vasculitis. ANCA is concomitted especially by small vessels vasculitis. The proved inhibition of microbicidal PMN activity by ANCA can participate in some clinical signs of immunodeficiencies in vasculitis. (Tab. 5, Ref. 18.).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Serum antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies inhibit the ability of granulocytes to kill C. albicans].

BACKGROUND: According to several experimental studies, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are involved in the pathogenesis of tissue injury in some systemic vasculitis and glomerulonephritis by stimulating oxygen radical release and secretion of lysosomal enzymes from neutrophilic granulocytes. In our work, we studied the effect of ANCA-positive sera on the ingestion and killing of C. albicans by granulocytes from healthy persons. METHODS AND RESULTS. Neutrophils isolated from the blood of healthy persons were incubated with live C. albicans in ratio 1:1 in the presence of pooled sera (controls) and 10 sera from 8 patients with ANCA-associated diseases: 6x Wegener's granulomatosis, 1x idiopathic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, 1x rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis concomitantly ANCA and anti-GBM (glomerula bas. membrane) positive. ANCA-positive sera did not influence the ingestion of C. albicans, but strongly inhibited killing of C. albicans (55-80% in comparison to controls). Sera from 2 patients in the time of ANCA-negativization showed lower inhibition (5 and 35%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated inhibitory effect of ANCA-positive sera on candidacidal activity of neutrophils from healthy persons. This fact could be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of granuloma formation in Wegener's granulomatosis. Results of our experiment could be an additional rationale for the administration of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole as prevention of relapses of systemic vasculitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis in a solitary kidney positive for anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies].

The authors describe the case-report of a 72-year-old female patient with acute failure of a solitary kidney with complete functional breakdown which developed within several days and was due to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) with concurrent positivity of antineutrophil cytoplasmatic autoantibodies (ANCA) and anti-glomerular basement antibodies (AGBMA). Intensive combined immunosuppressive therapy with methyl prednisolone, cyclophosphamide and azathioprine and concurrent plasmaphereses led to negativity of both types of antibodies but were not able to restore sufficient renal function and regular dialysis treatment to be started. Subsequently AGBMA remained negative, while ANCA became again positive. Despite this partial restoration of renal function was manifested by an increased diuresis and the frequency of dialyses could be reduced. The case-report has several remarkable features. An uncommon RPGN of the antirenal type is involved, moreover in a solitary kidney with concurrent C-ANCA positivity. The concurrent presence of ANCA and AGBMA autoantibodies in RPGN has been described in the literature only in several tens of cases. So far it was not described in our country. Based on their experience the authors conclude: 1. a solitary kidney cannot be considered in case of suspected RPGN as a strict contraindicatio of renal biopsy, 2. RPGN with concurrent positivity of ANCA and AGBMA is indicated for long-term immunosuppressive therapy on account of a more favourable prognosis than simple antirenal RPGN, and also with regard to a possible suspected systematic vasculitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Transjugular renal biopsy--initial experience].

BACKGROUND: Transjugular renal biopsy (TJRB) is a new method designed to obtain bioptic specimens of the kidney. It has defined indications in situations where application of the standard percutaneous technique involves an increased risk. It is used in particular in cases with impaired haemocoagulation with a different aetiology. The method was not used so far in this country. The authors describe the initial experience with TJRB. METHODS AND RESULTS: After cannulation of the right internal jugular vein under continuous skiascopic control a catheter was inserted into the right renal vein. Through the lumen of the catheter a special bioptic needle is inserted. The collection proper of renal tissue is made by the puncture- aspiration technique. The authors performed TJRB in 10 patients, in 8 specimens of the renal cortex were collected, on average seven glomeruli. The histological examination was a significant contribution to diagnosis in seven patients. The development of subcapsular haematoma with a clinical symptomatology was recorded in three patients, other complications were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: TJRB is a new diagnostic method, which with regard to its indications, no doubt, facilitates the diagnosis of glomerulopathies. Although the method is demanding from the technical aspect, if done correctly, it involves little risk. It is well tolerated and reduced the risk of possible complications of renal biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A new phage typing scheme for Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris strains. 1. Morphological analysis.

A new bacteriophage typing set, composed of 22 phages, was established as a tool for differentiation of Proteus strains. All the phages were tailed and included 4 morphological types (A1, A2, B1 and C1). They were classified into the families Myoviridae, Siphoviridae and Podoviridae. From the set, 19 phages had double-stranded DNA and 3 were single-stranded DNA phages.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMed1994

Oligonucleotide (GTG)5 in bacterial DNA fingerprinting.

On a set of 198 bacterial strains out of 19 different species we have tested the ability of oligonucleotide (GTG)5 to provide definitive DNA fingerprints. All the tested bacteria gave rise to at least one band after digestion with Hinf I and hybridization with radioabelled oligonucleotide (GTG)5. The number of resulting bands varied considerably from species to species and correlated strongly with the GC content of individual bacterial species. A set of 13 well defined laboratory strains of Escherichia coli was divided into 3 groups after GTG fingerprinting, while standard ribotyping revealed no differences. GTG fingerprinting is simple and reliable method for typing bacteria and may be of particular value in those bacterial species, where no other typing systems are available.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1994

Use of DNA fingerprinting for accurate typing of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.

DNA fingerprinting was tested as a method for detailed differentiation of 23 strains of the causal agent of porcine pleuropneumonia--Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. The set consisted of twelve reference strains, each representing one serotype, and eleven field strains belonging to serotype 9 which occurs most frequently in the Czech Republic. Nine of the reference strains could be differentiated from each other and from serotypes 1, 9 and 11, but a very close relatedness was demonstrated among the latter three by repeated examination. Four DNA types were identified among the twelve serotype 9 strains. The findings are discussed within the context of the production and efficiency of industrial and autogenous vaccines.

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae↗
PubMed1994

DNA fingerprinting in Falconidae.

This paper describes the use of the oligonucleotide probe (GTG)5 to reveal high polymorphic DNA regions in falcons (Falco peregrinus, F. rusticolus, F. cherrug and their interspecies hybrids). Ten microliters of the blood samples were immobilized, lysed and digested in low-melting point agarose. Oligonucleotide probe (GTG)5 gave rise to the great number of different fragments. Some of them were genus specific, another female specific and approx. 5-10% of the fragments were individual specific. Restriction endonucleases with 4 bp recognition sequences were preferred (Hinf I, Hae III and Msp I). After the use of such enzymes the DNA fingerprints were individual specific and allowed us to confirm known relations among individual birds. The results indicate, that DNA fingerprinting with oligonucleotide (GTG)5 as a probe could be a powerful method for differentiating among closely related falcon birds.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[The Churg-Strauss syndrome with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis positive for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies].

Renal failure developed in a patient treated for worsening spastic dyspnoea, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate and enlarged peribronchial lymph nodes by the antituberculotic regimen. Renal biopsy disclosed rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with 95% crescents, granulomatous periglomerulonephritis vasculitis and eosinophilic interstitial infiltrates. On the basis of the positivity of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), eosinophilia and profound ventilatory impairment the diagnosis of Churg-Strauss syndrome was established. The patient was treated by plasma exchanges and combined immunosuppression with the profound effect on erythrocyte sedimentation rate, eosinophilia a negativization of ANCA and preservation of at least minimal renal function. Further therapy was complicated by steroid diabetes, repeated leucopenia and exacerbation of spastic bronchitis and eventually by the massive gastrointestinal haemorrhage from asymptomatic gastric ulcer. There were no signs of inflammation in renal autopsy specimens with prevailing glomerulosclerosis a periglomerular fibrosis. Renal impairment is rare in Churg-Strauss syndrome and it is only exceptionally the cause of renal failure.

Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic↗
PubMed1993

[Initial experience with the transjugular renal biopsy].

Transjugular renal biopsy is a new diagnostic method used for collection of tissue specimens for morphological examination in some indicated cases where the use of the standard percutaneous technique involves risk. The method has not been used so far in Czechoslovakia.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1993

Differentiation of Salmonella enteritidis and S. typhimurium by plasmid profile analysis and restriction endonuclease analysis of chromosomal DNA.

Infections with Salmonella enteritidis and S. typhimurium are frequent causes of food-borne diseases in man and are responsible for considerable economic losses in the poultry industry (Fantasia et al., 1991; Pohl et al., 1991). Methods for the more careful differentiation and typing of these two serotypes are necessary for the investigation of the spread and transmission of the infection. Conventional methods of Salmonella differentiation (bioassays, phage-typing, resistance to antibiotics) often lack the necessary resolution potential (Wray et al., 1987). Plasmid profile analysis and restriction analysis of chromosomal DNA, based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) have been used for the differentiation of Salmonellae (Wray et al., 1987; Nastasi et al., 1988; Franklin et al., 1990; Helmuth von et al., 1990; Martinetti and Altwegg, 1990). Rapid and unsophisticated analysis of the content of plasmid DNA tends to be preferred. However, some strains lack plasmids or may lose them during laboratory passages (Nastasi et al., 1988; Hartstein et al., 1991). On the other hand, restriction analysis of chromosomal DNA yields more constant and reliable information on bacterial strains (Tveten et al., 1991). The aim of this study was to compare 18 field strains of S. enteritis and 12 strains of S. typhimurium on the basis of plasmid profile analysis and restriction endonuclease analysis of chromosomal DNA. Plasmid DNA content was determined and chromosomal DNA, isolated from bacterial cells immobilized in low-melting agarose, was digested with restriction endonuclease Pst I in 18 and 12 field strains of S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium, respectively. The resulting fragments were separated by pulse-field electrophoresis in agarose gel.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

DNA, Bacterial↗
PubMed1992

[Rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis with antibodies against cytoplasm of neutrophilic leukocytes].

The authors describe the clinical, laboratory and morphological findings, the clinical course and response to treatment in three patients with rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis where positive antibodies against the cytoplasm of neutrophil granulocytes (ANCA) were found. The authors confront their own clinical experience with data in the literature. Examination of ANCA is not only a significant contribution towards a more accurate diagnosis of renal vasculitis, but also an indicator of the activity of the disease and thus of the effectiveness of immunosuppressive treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Interesting urinary findings in acute intermittent porphyria].

The authors describe an uncommon case of a patient with acute intermittent porphyria whose urine on standing, when exposed to light and air, turned dark and eventually black. The reason was increased excretion of porphobilin. The urine continued moreover increased amounts of Thormählen-positive substances, typical melanogens were not detected, however. The authors wish to draw attention to possible diagnostic errors which arise due to erroneous interpretation of laboratory results.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Microinjection of cloned proviral Rous sarcoma virus DNAs into Xenopus laevis one cell embryos.

Plasmid pATV8 carrying Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) DNA with one long terminal repeat (LTR) or plasmid pAPrC carrying complete RSV proviral DNA was injected into fertilized eggs of Xenopus laevis. The fate of the exogenous DNAs was followed during embryogenesis. In both cases a new form of DNA, comigrating with endogenous DNA, began to appear shortly after the injection. This new form represented a linear dimer of the injected plasmid that had formed by ligation of linear monomers of the plasmid DNAs. All forms of the exogenous pATV8 DNA disappeared gradually during neurulation. No traces of virus-specific RNA were ever found in any of the following stages. The intensity of replication of plasmid pAPrC DNA in fertilized eggs was greater than that of pATV8 DNA and, in contrast to pATV8, a small amount of pAPrC persisted through the neurula till higher stages. In some experiments virus-specific DNA was even observed in 6-day-old embryos. Digestion with Nsi I and Sac I proved integration of the plasmid into the frog genome. At the stage of gastrula and at later stages a weak signal of viral RNA was also detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Analgesia in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Experience with a lithotripsy apparatus made in Czechoslovakia].

The authors describe their experience with the use of analgesia during lithotripsy by an extracorporeal impulse wave (LERV). They made a total of 253 lithotripsies in various indications in a total of 150 patients. Most frequently ataracoanalgesia was administered (a combination of diazepam and phentanyl), however, administration of midazolam (Dormicum) is also adequate. This is due among others to the favourable physical properties of the impulse waves generated by the apparatus used. In the discussion the authors give a brief account of the causes of painfulness of LERV, based on contemporary ideas and experience.

Analgesia↗