PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I S Goldenberg

Publications and source records attributed to I S Goldenberg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Oral contraceptive use and fibrocystic breast disease among pre- and postmenopausal women.

The association between use of oral contraceptives and fibrocystic breast disease was assessed among women aged 20-74 years in a hospital-based case-control study conducted between November 1979 and November 1981 in Connecticut. The study groups comprised 633 women with biopsy-proven fibrocystic breast disease and 1,062 controls who had been admitted, as inpatients or outpatients, to general surgical services. For the premenopausal women, there was no evidence that long-term use of oral contraceptives was associated with a decreased frequency of fibrocystic breast disease among either current or past users. For the postmenopausal women, previous oral contraceptive exposure was associated with an increased occurrence of cystic disease. These findings contradict previous investigations reporting a negative association between oral contraceptive use and the development of fibrocystic breast disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Oral contraceptive use and fibrocystic breast disease with special reference to its histopathology.

The relationship between use of oral contraceptives and fibrocystic breast disease was examined in a hospital-based case-control study undertaken in New Haven, Connecticut, from 1977 to 1979. Particular emphasis was placed on the extent of epithelial atypia and other histopathologic characteristics found in the biopsy specimens from the cases. Women who had ever used oral contraceptives were at a somewhat decreased risk for fibrocystic disease as a whole. Cases with high atypia and controls had similar patterns of oral contraceptive use, whereas cases with low and intermediate atypia had less oral contraceptive use than controls. Cases with intermediate atypia reported the lowest oral contraceptive use. Subjects with biopsy specimens exhibiting gross cysts, microscopic cysts, or papillomatosis were about 50% less likely to have used oral contraceptives than controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of age at first childbirth on risk of developing specific histologic subtype of breast cancer.

Epidemiologic variables related to breast cancer risk were assessed in a case-control study of 332 women with breast carcinoma and 1353 comparison women. Risk factors for breast cancer as a whole included nulliparity, late age at first childbirth, early age at menarche, late age at menopause, personal history of benign breast disease, family history of breast cancer, and among postmenopausal women, body weight. These risk factors were then analyzed with respect to histologic subtype of breast cancer involved, i.e., duct-derived or lobular tumors, to determine whether the association between any of the risk factors and breast cancer varied according to histopathologic subtype. Histologic subtype for the 316 cases reviewed included 284 duct cancers and 32 lobular carcinomas. Although slight differences were noted among some of the risk factors and the variety of cancer, none of the differences was marked except for the variable age at birth birth. For ductal carcinoma, the risk was highest among nulliparous women and decreased the younger a woman was at the time she gave birth to her first child. The risk of infiltrating lobular carcinoma, however, was lowest among nulliparous females or those who had given birth at a young age and increased the older a woman was when she gave birth to her first child.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Exogenous estrogens and other factors in the epidemiology of breast cancer.

In a hospital-based case-control study of the epidemiology of breast cancer undertaken in Connecticut from 1977 to 1979, there was no evidence of an increase in risk for breast cancer among women who had used oral contraceptives or estrogen-replacement therapy. In fact, there was some suggestion of a decrease in risk for breast cancer with increasing length of use of oral contraceptives. Higher than average risks were found among women who had never give birth to a child, women with a late age at menopause, women, with an early age at menarche, women who had given birth to their first child at a relatively late age, women with previous benign breast disease, and women with a history of breast cancer in a sister or mother. Heavy women were at high risk for premenopausal breast cancer. The association between heaviness and postmenopausal breast cancer was strongest among women who had had their last menstrual period more than 5 years before the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Local excision and radiation therapy for early stage breast cancer.

A reasonable alternative to mastectomy for women with early stage breast cancer is wide local excision of the lesion coupled with radical radiation therapy. The recurrence and longevity results with this method have been as good as, if not better, than standard mastectomy after 10 years' clinical experience in a limited number of patients. The physical and psychological impact of this therapy is more acceptable than mastectomy to the woman with breast cancer in its earliest stages.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Radiation therapy as initial treatment for early stage cancer of the breast without mastectomy.

This report describes 150 patients with clinical stage I and II carcinoma of the breast treated at four institutions--Yale University School of Medicine, Harvard Medical School-Joint Center for Radiation Therapy, Hahnemann Medical College, Jefferson Medical College--with radiotherapy only following excisional biopsy. Closely similar treatment policies were followed at all four centers, 4500-5000 rads minimum tumor dose being delivered to the entire breast and axillary, supraclavicular and internal mammary nodes. Forty-six of 49 stage I patients treated are alive without disease, the actuarial relapse-free survival being 91% at 5 years. Of the 101 stage II patients, 75 are alive without disease with a relapse-free actuarial survival of 60% at 5 years. Local failure has occurred in 10 patients (9 stage II and 1 stage I, 6.6%) 5 of whom are disease-free following mastectomy. The results obtained in this study are comparable to those of conventional surgery. It is our conclusion that mastectomy is not a necessary part of the treatment of small breast cancers, that radiation without mastectomy is an acceptable alternative with far superior cosmetic and functional results. Adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered particularly in stage II patients in view of their 40% relapse rate.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1977

The effect of surgical resection of experimental "primary" adenocarcinoma of the colon of survival and incidence of metastases.

The effect of surgical resection of "primary" tumors classified by size at the time of resection has been studied in two tumor cell lines derived from dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic neoplasms in the Buffalo strain rat. Surgical treatment of colon cancer in the rat yields results similar to those for human carcinoma. Some of the smallest tumors resected were associated with metastases and this finding suggests a need for effective postoperative adjuvant therapy. The incidence of metastases and the size of the tumor were inveresely related to survival, e.g., the smaller the tumor or the sooner the excision, the greater the survival of the animal. The operated animal model studied here could prove to be very useful for evaluating various forms of systemic therapy for the control of micrometastases associated with colonic neoplasms.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Early stage carcinoma of the female breast and axillary lymph node dissection.

Stage I carcinoma of the female breast can be treated effectively by total mastectomy and post-operative radiation therapy to the chest wall and regional lymph nodes. Identification of positive axillary lymph nodes for prognostic purposes or for definition of patients who might benefit by adjuvant chemotherapy is not a requisite to the successful management of early stage carcinoma of the breast.

Axilla↗
PubMed1975

Hypophysectomy in metastatic breast cancer.

Experience with 50 women undergoing extracranial transethmoidal-sphenoidal hypophysectomy for metastatic breast carcinoma with 12-month follow-up showed an objective remission of metastases after hypophysectomy in 58% of patients. The highest incidence of remission following the operation occurred in those women with only osseous metastases (83%) or with previous remission to both therapeutic oophorectomy and androgen administration (86%). No patient with primary central nervous system metastases, only one of ten with hepatic metastases, and none who had failed to respond to both oophorectomy and exogenous androgen administration experienced remission after hypophysectomy. The operative approach to the pituitary was via a periorbital incision, the posterior ethmoid cells, and the sphenoid sinus. Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea occurred in three early patients, and has been successfully avoided in later ones by a fascia lata graft. Diabetes insipidus, seen in 13 patients, and extraocular palsies, seen in two, were transient.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Radiation therapy as primary treatment for early stage carcinoma of the breast.

A treatment program for early stage breast cancer consisting of biopsy only and primary radiation therapy is described. The treatment plan is "radical" with tumoricidal doses or radiation delivered to the breast and axillary, supraclavicular, and internal mammory lymph nodes, i.e. 6000-7000 rads to clinically involved areas and 4500-5000 rads to subclinical disease. Thirty patients have been treated with this program, with followupranging from 1-10 years. Only 1 patient has died from her disease; 1 has had a lot oflocal recurrence readily controlled with mastectomy. Twenty-six patients arealive and well; there have been 3 deaths from intercurrent illness. No significant radiation complications have occurred. Radiation therapy as the sole treatment for breast cancer has been described in the literature for at least 20 years but generally ignored byclinicians. It deserves evaluation as a treatment option in randomized therapeutic trails.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Combined androgen and antimetabolite therapy of advanced female breast cancer. A report of the cooperative breast cancer group.

A clinical trial of androgen and antimetabolite therapy of advanced female breast cancer was conducted in 110 patients by the Cooperative Breast Cancer Group. An objective regression rate of 20% was achieved in women receiving oral testolactone, 6% in patients given intravenous fluorouracil alone, and 14% when the androgen and antimetabolite were administered together. This randomized trial according to the CBCG protocol did not produce the high regression rate noted previously in a nonrandomized, nonprotocol evaluation of these drugs.

Administration, Oral↗