Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to I S Roy.
Morning glory disc anomaly (MGDA) is usually known to be unilateral. We report an unusual case of a bilateral form of the disorder with an aim to distinguish it from other bilateral optic nerve head anomalies.
This article highlights the value and utility of school-based mental health services in addressing the unmet mental health needs of Latino children and families in the United States. To better understand our nation's rapidly growing Latino population, such critical factors as demographic characteristics, cultural values, and family structure are examined. Special attention is devoted to the daunting challenges and resultant trauma experienced by many of these children and families who have recently immigrated to this country from war-torn home-lands in Central America. The mental health status of Latino children is addressed, along with various service delivery issues and psychotherapeutic modalities to facilitate their personal adjustment and social adaptation in a culturally sensitive manner. The article concludes with the presentation of an innovative school-based mental health program that offers a range of services of demonstrated effectiveness in aiding Latino children and their families. Specific strategies for replicating the program model in other culturally diverse settings are also discussed.
PURPOSE: Senile cataract contributes to 75% of blindness in India and there is a growing backlog of cataract cases needing surgery. The present study seeks clues to the etiology of senile cataract, so that strategies to prevent or even delay cataract formation could be planned. METHODS: Using a community based case-control design, 258 cases & 308 controls from one centre and 301 cases & 591 controls from another were studied. The subjects were from rural areas and were aged 40-60 years. Logistic regression analysis technique was employed to study the associations between senile cataract and various variables. RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure, duration of exposure to sunlight per day were associated with senile cataract in both the centres (OR = 1.4 & 1.5 for systolic BP and 1.6 & 1.4 for exposure to sunlight). Utilization of rice gruel (OR = 0.5), duration of exposure to fire & dust per day (OR = 1.8), family history of cataract (OR = 5.0), use of cheap cooking fuels (OR = 1.8), increased height (OR = 0.7) and increased number of hours of work per day (OR = 0.7) were other variables that showed significant association in either of the centres. CONCLUSION: Senile cataract appears to have a multi factorial etiology. Though the study provided some clues to the etiology of senile cataract, further studies are needed to know the specific role of these factors in the causation of cataract, so that any preventive or control measures could be initiated in the community. Till such time, we have to fall back on the available surgical approach in control of senile cataract.
The role of estimating the serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis and prognosis of retinoblastoma cases has been evaluated. Although the mean serum CEA titre in children with retinoblastoma was higher than that in control children (p = 0.01), the serum CEA level itself was found not to be a useful marker in the diagnosis of retinoblastoma. A significant correlation of serum CEA titre with progression or regression of the disease observed during therapy in most cases indicated that serial assays of serum CEA may be important in the follow-up of cases with retinoblastoma. The lower CEA values in aqueous humour and subretinal fluid from eyes with retinoblastoma than in the serum suggests that the tumour does not secrete the CEA.
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The diagnostic significance of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level and the protein pattern in the aqueous humour was evaluated in patients with retinoblastoma who presented with leukokoria. The mean LDH level for the 14 retinoblastoma patients was significantly greater than the mean for 6 patients with leukokoria but without retinoblastoma (p less than 0.05) and the mean for 10 patients (controls) with senile cataract (p less than 0.01). Cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis was performed on the aqueous humour of six of the patients with retinoblastoma, four of the patients with other causes of leukokoria and eight of the control patients. It showed that the protein in the aqueous humour was predominantly albumin in the patients with retinoblastoma; the globulin in these cases was usually beta-globulin. The protein was mostly or completely albumin in the three patients with Coats' disease, and the protein pattern simulated that in normal serum (owing to hemorrhage) in the patient with retinal detachment. No protein was detectable in the aqueous humour of the control patients. Thus, determining either the LDH level or the protein pattern in the aqueous humour can serve as a useful adjunct to the clinical diagnosis of retinoblastoma.
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