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Biomedical subjects

I Salmon

Publications and source records attributed to I Salmon.

173 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of stool antigen detection for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in adults.

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to evaluate the performance of Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. METHOD: The study included 63 out patients attending the ULB-Lothier Clinic between January 1 and July 31, 2002. They underwent an upper endoscopy, as well as biopsies for histological examination and for culture of H. pylori. Stool samples of these patients were collected either the day of the endoscopy or within 24 hours and tested for H. pylori antigen (HpSA Test) RESULTS: The mean age of study patients included 29 men and 34 women was 51(+/- :16) years. H. pylori infection was detected in 29 cases (46 %) by culture and histology, and in 31 cases (49.2 %) by detection of the antigen in the feces. In 27 patients, all methods were positive whereas 5 in they provided discrepant results. Compared to the reference methods (culture and histology), the HpSA test had a sensitivity of 96.5% and a specificity of 91.2%. PPV of 90.3% and NPV of 96.8%. CONCLUSION: The good correlation found between the results of the HpSA test and the methods based on endoscopy supports its use as an alternative to invasive methods of diagnosis of H. pylori infection and therapeutic follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sialic acid residues in the labial salivary glands from Sjögren's syndrome patients.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the composition and expression of sialic acid in the labial salivary glands (LSG) in Sjögren's syndrome (SS). METHODS: LSG of 19 patients with primary SS (n = 11) or secondary SS (n = 8) were studied. Specimens from 7 healthy women served as controls. Computer-assisted microscopy was employed to quantitatively determine the percentage of positive structures, the staining intensity and the heterogeneity for the 4 biotinylated plant lectins Tritricum vulgaris L. (WGA), Maackia amurensis (MAA), Sambucus nigra (SNA) and Canavalia ensiformis L. (Con A). RESULTS: In the acini there was a significant decrease in the staining heterogeneity of WGA in SS compared to controls; the same was observed with respect to MAA staining in the connective tissue and extralobular ducts. In the intralobular ducts, primary SS differed from normal and secondary SS mainly in terms of a decrease in the percentage of positively labeled MAA tissue. In addition, Con A stained acinar cells were significantly more numerous in secondary SS compared with primary SS. CONCLUSION: Differences in the degree of glycoconjugate sialylation were found in SS labial salivary glands, and may play a role in the disease process.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of nuclear size, ploidy, DNA histogram type and proliferation index in 79 nerve sheath tumors.

The distribution values of ploidy, of the DNA histogram type, of the proliferation index and of the nuclear area are described in a series of 79 nerve sheath tumors including 7 traumatic neuromas, 55 primary and 9 recurrent benign schwannomas, 5 benign neurofibromas and 3 malignant tumors. The nuclear parameters were computed on Feulgen-stained nuclei (from archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded materials) by means of digital cell image analysis. The results show that 20-30% of benign nerve sheath tumors exhibit an abnormal nuclear DNA content (DNA index > 1.30). Such a feature was observed in the four groups of benign tumors, i.e. primary and recurrent schwannomas, neurofibromas and even traumatic neuromas. Aneuploid tumors exhibited triploid, hypertriploid or polymorphic DNA histogram types. The three malignant tumors under study were aneuploid. Lastly, the nuclear area and proliferation index measurements did not allow any clear distinction to be made between the four groups of benign tumors on the one hand, and between the benign and malignant tumors on the other.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic and/or prognostic value of the nuclear level determination of desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in nervous system tumors].

The diagnostic and prognostic value of the DNA ploidy level (nuclear DNA content) was studied in a series of 847 tumours of the nervous system. This series included 93 nerve sheath tumours, 224 meningiomas, 389 neuro-epithelial tissue tumours, 46 primitive neuroectodermal tumours (retinoblastomas, medulloblastomas, neuroblastomas, etc.) and 95 brain metastases. The DNA ploidy level determination was carried out by means of the computer-assisted microscope analysis (digital cell image analysis) of Feulgen-stained nuclei. The results show that the DNA ploidy level does not contribute significant diagnostic information when tumours are analyzed individually. Indeed, some tumours which are definitely benign like certain schwannomas and meningiomas can exhibit very high levels of aneuploidy, while some highly malignant tumours like certain glioblastomas and neuroblastomas can be diploid. In contrast to its weak diagnostic value, the DNA ploidy level appears to be a powerful prognostic factor with respect to the supratentorial astrocytic tumours of the adult. Indeed, patients with hypertriploid astrocytic tumours exhibit a survival period which is significantly longer when compared to that of patients with non-hypertriploid astrocytic tumours. These hypertriploid astrocytic tumours could be involved in a process of biological degeneration when reference is made to their proliferation activity which is significantly weaker than that of non-hypertriploid tumours.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The combination of a decision tree technique with the computer-assisted microscope analysis of Feulgen-stained nuclei to assess aggressiveness in lipomatous and smooth muscle tumors.

The present study describes a computer-assisted methodology whose purpose is to reduce the degree of subjectivity in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors. This methodology associates three complementary techniques, namely digital cell image analysis, the discretisation of numerical data and a Decision Tree technique (DT). The first technique relies on the use of the digital cell image analysis of Feulgen-stained nuclei, a technique which makes possible a quantitative and thus objective description of nuclei with the help of 24 numerical parameters (15 morphonuclear and 9 DNA content- (ploidy level and proliferation activity) related). The second technique transforms each numerical parameter into an ordinal one with a small number of values (2 to 4) so that only the relevant physical significance of the parameters is retained. The Decision Tree technique generates classification rules on the basis of the discretised parameters quoted above. This methodology was applied to 53 human soft tissue tumors which included 26 lipomatous tumors (13 malignant liposarcomas and 13 benign lipomas) and 27 smooth muscle tumors (11 malignant leiomyosarcomas and 16 benign leiomyomas). The results show that a distinction between benign (lipoma) and malignant (liposarcoma) lipomatous tumors can easily be made by means of simple logical rules depending on only four discretised cytological parameters (two ploidy- and two morphonuclear-related). In contrast, no stable or predictive characterisation can be obtained with respect to the difference between leiomyosarcomas and the leiomyomas. Hence, while lipomas and liposarcomas appeared to be two completely distinct biological entities, leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas seem to involve a continuous biological process.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nuclear DNA content, proliferation index and nuclear size determination in normal and tumoral adrenal tissues, pheochromocytomas and metastases.

The diagnostic values of nuclear size, proliferation index and ploidy level were investigated in a series of 58 samples from adrenal glands, including 9 samples from normal adrenal glands, 18 adenomas, 3 carcinomas, 16 pheochromocytomas and 12 metastases. Nuclear assessments were computed on Feulgen-stained nuclei by means of a cell image processor. Ploidy level was assessed by means of both the DNA index and DNA histogram type. The results show that nuclear size and proliferation index do not allow any discrimination between these various histopathologic subgroups. The measurement of ploidy level made it possible to obtain helpful information about these various histopathologic groups. Indeed, all the normal cases (except one from a malignant kidney tissue) and all adenomas (except one) were diploid, while most (but not all) of the remaining cases, including carcinomas, pheochromocytomas and metastases, were aneuploid. Furthermore, with this measurement we were able to show that some tendencies appear across these histopathologic groups. Indeed, the metastases contained a high proportion of aneuploid cases, whereas pheochromocytomas were frequently tetraploid. The results also show that the assessment of ploidy level by means of the DNA histogram type is more accurate than with measurement of the DNA index.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of culture media and multidrug resistance on the wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) glycocytochemical expression of two human glioblastoma cell lines.

Over the last two decades, many studies carried out with the aid of lectins have firmly established that cell glycans usually change in the course of the normal processes of growth and development, as well as in pathological situations. We describe here the in vivo binding expression of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) to the U87 and U373 human glioblastoma cell lines exposed to various culture media i.e., media supplemented with either 10% (FCS10) or 1% (FCS1) fetal calf serum with or without 10 n Mol/l 17 beta-oestradiol (E2). After exposure to chemotherapeutic agents, the resistant variants (CR) developed by the two cell lines were also investigated. The quantitative cytochemical assessment of WGA binding was assessed by means of a cell image processor, which was also used to determine ploidy level (on Feulgen-stained nuclei) by means of DNA histogram typing (DHT). Our results clearly demonstrate that when U373 cells are cultured with E2, this steroid can modify the expression of WGA binding, whereas U87 cells were unaffected. Similarly, lowering the FCS level enhanced the WGA binding of the U373 cell line. Multidrug-resistant cell variants were associated with both aneuploidy and a dramatic decrease in cytochemical WGA expression.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro characterisation of soft tissue tumor chemosensitivity.

BACKGROUND: The benefit of performing chemotherapy on soft tissue sarcomas remains controversial. The present study deals with the in vitro characterisation of the influence of 3 antitumoral agents on the growth of 8 sarcoma cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cell growth was monitored by means of the MTT colorimetric assay, which was further validated by a direct cell counting method. The three drugs tested included doxorubicin (ADR), cisplatin (DDP) and dacarbazine (DTIC). ADR was tested at 10(-5) M, 10(-6) M and 10(-7) M; DDP at 10(-5) M, 10(-6) M and 10(-7) M; and DTIC at 10(-3) M, 10(-4) M and 10(-5) M. A combination of the three drugs was also tested in order to ascertain whether a synergistic effect on cell growth inhibition could be obtained. A potential antineoplastic agent-induced influence on cell growth was determined 3 days after the addition of the diverse drug(s) to the culture media. The cell concentration was specifically adapted to each cell line. The 8 cell lines included 3 leiomyosarcomas, 1 malignant mixed Müllerian tumour, 3 rhabdomyosarcomas and 1 fibrosarcoma. RESULTS: The results show that of the three drugs tested, ADR was the most efficient in terms of the level of cell growth inhibition obtained and the number of cell lines whose growth was significantly inhibited. Of the three drugs, the least active was DDP. A significant synergistic effect was observed when the three drugs were added together to the culture medium. This synergistic effect was evident at the lowest doses tested for each drug. Whatever the histopathological type, the 8 cell lines exhibited a wide range of response to chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The present study shows that the inhibition induced by 10(-7) M ADR, 10(-7) M DDP and 10(-5) M DTIC on sarcoma cell line growth is significantly more efficient than if each agent is tested individually. The in vitro methodology used here fits in with clinical reality because it enables sarcoma cell heterogeneity to be taken into account.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ectopic prolactinoma in the clivus.

BACKGROUND: Ectopic pituitary adenomas are rare. Only 29 cases are reported in the literature. The clivus was involved in some cases but sella turcica was occasionally involved. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: Headache was the first symptom of a 47-year-old woman. Radiological examination diagnosed a clivus tumour. No connection with the pituitary gland was observed. Pre-operative diagnosis was metastasis of an unknown cancer. INTERVENTION: By a transphenoidal approach, we removed a haemorrhagic tumour. No connection between the normal pituitary gland and the tumour was observed. Neuropathological analysis showed a prolactinoma. CONCLUSION: We report a rare case of an ectopic prolactinoma in the clivus unrelated to the pituitary gland. Only one other case has been reported in the literature.

Choristoma↗