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Biomedical subjects

I Salti

Publications and source records attributed to I Salti.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Virus-induced chalazion.

PURPOSE: To investigate a viral etiology in certain chalazia. METHODS: A prospective study over 7.5 years of all newly presenting chalazia associated with diffuse follicular conjunctivitis but without any other aetiological factors. Patients were investigated for ocular or systemic infections by history, physical exam, slit-lamp exam, and/or histology of conjunctival biopsy (including transmission electron microscopy). RESULTS: A total of 27 patients developed follicular conjunctivitis without meibomian gland dysfunction, blepharitis, or sexually transmitted diseases. Evidence for a viral aetiology included: recent systemic viral illness (15/27), recent contact with subjects with chalazia or follicular conjunctivitis (5/27), preauricular lymphadenopathy (4/27), viral corneal disease (4/27), or viral particles by ultrastructure (4/4). CONCLUSIONS: Chalazia may be associated with viral conjunctivitis. Intralesional corticosteroids should be considered with great caution for viral-induced chalazia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Endocrinologic manifestations of the antiphospholipid syndrome.

Our objective was to study the endocrinologic manifestations of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). We reviewed the medical literature from 1968 until 2005 using MEDLINE and the key words: APS, anticardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant, antiphospholipid antibodies, adrenal, thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, diabetes, ovaries and testes. Adrenal insufficiency is the most common endocrinologic manifestation and can be the presenting symptom of APS. In patients with autoimmune thyroid disease circulating aPL have been detected. However, no clinical manifestations of APS have been described. A few cases of hypopituitarism have been reported, including a case of Sheehan's syndrome. aPL has been detected in the sera of diabetic patients, probably associated with some macroangiopathic complications. Finally only very few cases of ovarian and testicular involvement have been reported. The adrenals are the most commonly involved glands in the APS. Clinicians should keep a high index of suspicion for adrenal insufficiency in patients with APS.

Adrenal Insufficiency↗
PubMed2004

Ring chromosome 18q and jumping translocation 18p in an adult male with hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism.

Constitutional jumping translocations (JT) are rare, especially in phenotypically normal individuals. We report on an adult male with partial hypogonadism as the sole phenotypic abnormality with an unusual chromosome abnormality. In this patient, centric fission of chromosome 18 lead to formation of a ring 18q chromosome, while 18p formed a JT through centromere-telomere fusion with chromosome 8q (66%) or 20q (13%). In 21% of cells, the 18p fragment was missing. Fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed the presence of interstitial telomeres at the junction site of the fusion and unequal distribution of the alphoid sequences through the centric fission, leaving a small, yet functional centromere within the ring. We discuss the phenotype of the patient in light of this unusual karyotype.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and its association with Graves' disease in the Lebanese population.

Graves' disease is an organ-specific autoimmune disease that has a female predominance. It is probably the result of a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. This disease is characterized by immune system activation, evidenced by elevated serum thyroid-specific autoantibodies and lymphocytic infiltration of the target organ (the thyroid gland), associated with raised levels of circulating activated T lymphocytes. Several reports have demonstrated genetic linkage and association between the genetic markers of the CTLA-4 gene on chromosome 2q33 and Graves' disease. In order to confirm this association in the Lebanese population, a bi-allelic A/G polymorphism at position 49 of CTLA-4 exon 1 was studied in 34 patients with Graves' disease, and in 38 healthy individuals, using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. The results showed a significant increase in allele and genotype frequencies in patients with Graves' disease compared to controls. This suggests that the CTLA-4 gene might play a role in the development of Graves' disease in the Lebanese population.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed2004

Diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy: a study of Wolfram syndrome in the Lebanese population.

Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disorder also known as DIDMOAD (diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness). WFS seems to be a heterogeneous disease that has not yet been fully characterized in terms of clinical features and pathophysiological mechanisms because the number of patients in most series was small. In this study we describe 31 Lebanese WFS patients belonging to 17 families; this, to our knowledge, is the largest number of patients reported in one series so far. Criteria for diagnosis of WFS were the presence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy unexplained by any other disease. Central diabetes insipidus was found in 87% of the patients, and sensorineural deafness confirmed by audiograms was present in 64.5%. Other less frequent features included neurological and psychiatric abnormalities, urodynamic abnormalities, limited joint motility, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal autonomic neuropathy, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism in males, and diabetic microvascular disease. New features, not reported in previous descriptions, such as heart malformations and anterior pituitary dysfunction, were recognized in some of the patients and participated in the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Genetic analysis revealed WFS1 gene mutations in three families (23.5%), whereas no abnormalities were detected in mitochondrial DNA. In conclusion, WFS is a devastating disease for the patients and their families. More information about WFS will lead to a better understanding of this disease and hopefully to improvement in means of its prevention and treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Leptin levels in patients with type 1 diabetes receiving intensive insulin therapy compared with those in patients receiving conventional insulin therapy.

Several reports suggest that insulin may have a role in the regulation of serum leptin levels, and this is related to the fact that serum leptin levels generally indicate the amount of body fat. Studies show that leptin levels are low in newly diagnosed patients with Type-1 diabetes (T1 DM) and increase after institution of insulin therapy. This study was designed to test whether serum leptin levels are higher in patients receiving intensive insulin therapy (IIT) compared to conventional insulin therapy (CIT). Young patients with T1 DM were studied, 23 on IIT and 23 on CIT. The patients were matched for age (19+/-3 and 20+/-5 yr, respectively), duration of diabetes (8+/-5 and 10+/-6 yr, respectively) and BMI (24+/-4 and 23+/-3 kg/m2, respectively). Leptin levels were higher in IIT compared to CIT (13+/-12 vs 7+/-7 ng/ml, respectively, p<0.05). The results of this study demonstrate that patients on IIT have higher leptin levels than patients on CIT. This increase in leptin level in IIT patients is independent of changes in bw and is probably due to the stimulatory effect of insulin on leptin production.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Transient renal tubular acidosis in pregnancy.

Renal tubular acidosis in pregnancy is a very rare disorder. Most cases are either inherited or secondary to maternal disease or ingestion of toxic chemicals. We report a 22-year-old woman, previously healthy, who presented at 27 weeks of gestation with preterm labor. Investigation revealed renal tubular acidosis with no obvious etiology. Labor was stopped with various tocolytic drugs and her electrolyte imbalance was corrected. She was delivered at 36 weeks, by cesarean for a nonreassuring fetal heart tracing, of an appropriate-for-gestational-age infant weighing 2905 g. Evaluation 3 and 6 months postpartum revealed gradual, but complete resolution of the acidosis and electrolyte abnormality. The infant is now 7 months old, is growing normally with normal electrolytes, and with no evidence of acidosis.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed2000

Alterations in plasma transforming growth factor beta in normoalbuminuric type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients.

Transforming growth factor ss (TGF-ss) is an immunosuppressor. It plays a role in regulating cell proliferation, and deletion of its gene in transgenic mice leads to an autoimmune-like disorder. A role of this cytokine has been proposed in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and probably type 2 diabetes. Previous studies had shown an elevated serum level in type 2 diabetes and a reduced serum level in type 1 diabetes; however, these studies did not address the onset of the alterations of TGF-ss with regard to the duration of diabetes. In this study, we compared the levels of TGF-ss in the serum of groups of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus divided according to the duration of their disease. Twenty-six normoalbuminuric patients with type 1 diabetes and 25 normoalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into three groups according to the onset of their diabetes and were compared with 27 and 15 age-matched normal subjects, respectively. We conclude that in normoalbuminuric patients serum TGF-ss levels increased at the onset of type 2 diabetes and remained elevated throughout the disease; they did not change at the onset of type1 diabetes, however, they started to decrease around 2 yr after the onset of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Successful treatment of parathyroid cyst using ethanol sclerotherapy.

Simple parathyroid cysts are rare; only about 200 cases have been reported in the literature. The diagnosis was facilitated recently by parathyroid hormone assay of the cyst fluid. Standard treatment consists of percutaneous aspiration of the cyst and surgical excision for recurrent lesions. Sclerotherapy of recurrent lesions was described in two cases and results were promising. The authors report a new case of recurrent nonfunctioning parathyroid cyst in a 34-year-old female, with complete resolution after ethanol sclerosis and no recurrence for 15 months of follow-up. Ethanol sclerotherapy is recommended as a simple and safe treatment for recurrent parathyroid cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A case of granulomatous hypophysitis with hypopituitarism and minimal pituitary enlargement.

A case of hypopituitarism and minimal sellar enlargement was found at hypophysectomy to have a giant cell granuloma of the pituitary. The clinical and histopathological features of this rare entity are reviewed. It is proposed that hypopituitarism which is out of proportion to minimal sellar enlargement may be a suggestive clue to the preoperative diagnosis of giant cell granulous which normally simulates a pituitary tumour.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Anaplastic transformation of thyroid cancer: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Transformation of well-differentiated thyroid adenocarcinoma to anaplastic cancer has been occasionally reported. Two new cases of such transformation are now described. The time interval from diagnosis to the development of anaplastic cancer was 15 years in the first patient and 10 years in the second. Both patients ultimately developed extensive bilateral pulmonary metastases and died within 6 months from the diagnosis of the transformation. Hypotheses concerning the pathogenesis of the transformation and the literature were reviewed. We believe that histopathological confirmation of recurrent and rapidly progressive thyroid tumors is necessary prior to initiation of therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Variation in serum immunoglobulin levels in acute trichinosis.

An early rise in serum IgE levels was observed in five of seven patients with acute primary trichinosis. Parallel increases in the total IgG, IgM, and Iga levels, as well as specific IgG and IgM antibody titres to Trichinella spiralis larval antigen, were detected in two. The elevated levels persisted long after the clinical recovery of the patients.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Congenital absence of the uterus. Clinicopathologic and endocrine findings.

Laparoscopic ovarian biopsies performed on 11 patients with congenital absence of the uterus revealed the presence of follicles at different stages of development, with corpora lutea in 2 patients and cystic follicles in 1 patient who had cyclic patterns of serum gonadotropins and plasma progesterone.

Adolescent↗