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Biomedical subjects

I Samberg

Publications and source records attributed to I Samberg.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Intracervical prostaglandin E2 for induction of labor in patients with premature rupture of membranes and an unripe cervix.

The efficacy and safety of intracervical prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) gel for induction of labor in patients with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) at term and with an unripe cervix were evaluated. Fifty-two patients who did not start labor 6 to 12 hours after PROM and who had an unripe cervix were randomized to one of two management protocols. Patients randomized to PGE2 received a single intracervical application of 0.5 mg PGE2. Patients randomized to the conservative protocol were managed expectantly for 24 hours. If labor was not established 6 hours after randomization in patients receiving PGE2 or 24 hours after PROM in patients managed expectantly, labor was induced with intravenous oxytocin. Of the patients receiving PGE2, 93% began labor after a single application, and the mean interval between prostaglandin application and delivery was 6.6 hours. In the conservative group, only 57% began labor within 24 hours, and more than half of them required augmentation with oxytocin. The mean latency between PROM and delivery was 15 hours in patients managed with PGE2 and 30 hours in patients managed conservatively (P < 0.01). There were no complications and pregnancy outcome was similar in the two groups. Intracervical PGE2 is safe and effective for inducing labor in patients with PROM and an unfavorable cervix.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effect of irrigation or intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis on infectious morbidity at cesarean section.

The efficacy of intraoperative irrigation with cefamandole nafate at cesarean section was evaluated in a prospective, randomized double-blind study. Two hundred and eight patients were treated with antibiotic irrigation and intravenous placebo or with perioperative intravenous cefamandole and irrigated with normal saline. The rate of endometritis was 10.9% in the irrigation group and 14% in the intravenous group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The rate of any infection, the number of days with fever, additional hospitalization days, and number of antibiotics used for treatment were similar in the two groups. It thus was concluded that irrigation with antibiotic is equal but not superior to perioperative intravenous antibiotics.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Short-term prophylactic antibiotic for elective abdominal hysterectomy: how short?

A prospective double-blind study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on patients undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy. In the first stage of the study, 116 patients received, on call to the operating room and subsequently 8 and 16 h post-operatively, cefazolin sodium or placebo. In the second stage of the study, 90 patients received the same antibiotics, but treatment was extended to 6 doses, 8 h apart. Of the 53 women who received placebo, 27 (50.9%) became morbid, while only 15 of the 63 (23.8%) who received 24 h prophylaxis were classified as morbid (p less than 0.005). By extending the prophylactic treatment to 48 h further reduction of the morbidity was achieved. Of the 90 patients only 11 (12.2%) became morbid (P less than 0.005). When morbidity rates were compared between different ethnic groups, over-weight and normal weight patients, pre- and post-menopausal women, it was not possible to define a group which is at a higher risk for post-operative morbidity. It was thus concluded that prophylactic antibiotics should be administered routinely to all patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy, preferably for 48 h.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Ultrasonographic and clinical correlates of menotropin versus sequential clomiphene citrate: menotropin therapy for induction of ovulation.

Forty-six women remaining infertile with clomiphene citrate (CC) with or without human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were treated by either human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG, 44 cycles) or CC + hMG (33 cycles) and monitored by serum estradiol (E2) and ultrasonography. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHS) and pregnancy outcome were compared in both regimens. In the presence of dominant follicles (greater than or equal to 18 mm) alone or with a single secondary follicle (14 to 16 mm) at hCG administration, OHS did not develop. A significant increase in OHS was noted when three or more secondary follicles were observed. Overall pregnancy rates were similar in both regimens but significantly higher when hCG was injected before rather than after the E2 peak. The results suggest secondary follicles rather than dominant follicles are a valuable sign of possible OHS development; and CC + hMG should be considered in CC-failure patients.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1984

Hormonal profile of endometrial cancer.

Out of all the risk factors of endometrial carcinoma, the 'Oestrone Theory' is especially fascinating. This theory assumes that prolonged uninterrupted stimulation of the endometrial cell by oestrone, without the competition of oestradiol and oestriol, brings about neoplasia. There is also some evidence of a protective effect of androgens and progesterone. In order to verify this theory in vivo, oestrone (E1), oestradiol (E2), testosterone (T) and progestogen levels were examined from the serum of 36 post-menopausal women suffering from endometrial carcinoma, and compared with a healthy group of women. Oestrone levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with endometrial carcinoma. A correlation was also found between oestrone levels and previous infertility. With the intention of tracking the origin of oestrone in those suffering from endometrial cancer, hormone levels were checked before and after total hysterectomy and oophorectomy. The high oestrone values dropped to normal after the operation, except in those who had previously suffered from infertility. In those patients, high oestrone values were found a year after the operation. No significant differences of testosterone or progesterone were found between the cancer patients and the healthy women. The operation did not have any influence on these values.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Congenital cardiac fibroma associated with fetal arrhythmia.

A congenital cardiac fibroma presented itself, antenatally by bursts of extrasystoles which were detected by the cardiotocograph during labor. Congenital cardiac tumors are extremely rare. The symptomatology of such tumors consists mainly of hemodynamic disturbances and various arrhythmias. Most of the reported cases were diagnosed in neonates or infants, usually in autopsies, none were diagnosed in utero. It seems logical to assume that some of the arrhythmias may have been present but not diagnosed antepartum. To the best of our knowledge the association of congenital cardiac tumor and fetal arrhythmia (FA) has not been reported yet.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Scanning electron microscopy of human Fallopian tube in ectopic pregnancy.

The scanning electron microscopy by virtue of its high resolution topographic reproduction of epithelial surfaces lining the female genital tract, provides unique information toward understanding the anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system. The human Fallopian ectopic pregnancy is an urgent gynecologic event, which was and still is a diagnostic challenge. There is an increase in the incidence of ectopic pregnancy in recent years. With the purpose of exploring the etiology of tubal ectopic pregnancy from the ultrastructure point of view, we examined 7 cases of tubal pregnancy and compared them to a similar number of normal tubes. We do not find evidence to the pathophysiology of tubal pregnancy by examination of the ultrastructure of the human tube with scanning electron microscopy.

Epithelium↗
PubMed1983

Experience with combined individualized method of hMG/hCG therapy.

The introduction of powerful ovulation induction agents, such as gonadotropins, has made an important contribution to the temporary elimination of the anovulation syndrome. Since the treatment is expensive and not without significant medical complication, it is vitally important to conduct therapy according to a well-defined monitoring system. In the past, clinicians have tended to monitor gonadotropin therapy by biophysical signs, but they were found to be insufficient monitors if used alone. Estrogen secretion from the ovaries does reflect the follicular maturation process. In this study a combined individualized method for hMG/hCG therapy is presented. Fifty-one infertile anovulatory women were treated for a total of 124 treatment cycles. All courses of therapy were judged to have induced ovulation. There was a good clinical correlation between cervical score and increasing estrogen levels. The pregnancy rate was 62.7%, with 60% of patients becoming pregnant within the first three cycles of treatment. In spite of the complications of less than 1% of severe hyperstimulation, 15.5% multiple gestation, and 28% of abortion rate, gonadotropin therapy is a most efficient tool in the treatment of infertility due to anovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Hypertensive crisis associated with ritodrine infusion and betamethasone administration in premature labor.

A case is reported of hypertensive crisis associated with treatment of premature labor with intravenous ritodrine hydrochloride and betamethasone. Ritodrine has been in clinical use for over 10 yr in Europe, and recently also in the U.S.A. The drug has proved to be efficient and relatively safe. Yet, a few cases of severe side effects, all related to its effect on the cardiovascular system, have already been reported. The pathophysiology of this episode is unclear, but it is most likely related to the treatment, and should be added to the list of reported side effects of treatment with ritodrine and betamethasone.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasonic detection of fetal ascites associated with polyhydramnios.

The combination of fetal ascites and polyhydramnios is an uncommon problem that can be detected in utero by sonography. A case is reported where the etiology was found to be generalized cytomegalovirus infection. The differential diagnosis, etiology and diagnostic procedures are discussed. A thorough sonographic study is essential in the diagnosis and evaluation of fetal ascites in utero.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Assessment of fetal lung maturity by a microviscosimeter.

A new method of rapid antenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity was evaluated in relation to the newborn outcome and two other accepted test. This method is based on fluorescence depolarization (FD) technique. The special instrumentation required for this method (the Microviscosimeter) was found to be simple and easy to handle even to nonprofessional personnel. Analysis of 47 samples of amniotic fluid received within 48 hours of delivery demonstrated that lung maturity threshold may be related to a numeric value (P value) measured by this technique. With a P value of less than 0.320 respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is unlikely to develop. With a P value greater than 0.340, chances for RDS, usually severe, are high. With a P value of less than 0.340 but greater than 0.320, RDS may or may not develop. This method did not prove to be more reliable then the determination of L/S ratio by thin layer chromatography, but its advantage is that it supplies the results in less then an hour. The FD technique proved to be more reliable then the commonly used foam stability test.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The value of the postcoital test according to etiology and outcome on infertility.

Post coital test (PCT) has been analysed in 150 women divided into 3 groups of 50 patients consulting for infertility. In group I, women achieved pregnancy whereas in group II, women were not pregnant during the same period of observation and had a sterility of non-tubal origin. Group II included women with infertility due to tubal factor. The results of the PCT were not significantly different in group I and in group III. More than 50% of the women had a good PCT (more than 7 motile sperms/hpf). In women of group II, 75% had an inconclusive test (less that 5 sperms/hpf) or negative tests, significantly different from the % observed in group I (44%). Inconclusive PCT in group II were due to anovulatory cycles in 50% of the cases and to cervical infection in 25% of the cases. Status post-cauterization of the cervix, anatomical or immunological problems and sexual dysfunctions accounted for the remaining cases. Prognostic significance of the PCT is discussed according to these results.

Cervix Mucus↗