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Biomedical subjects

I Schedel

Publications and source records attributed to I Schedel.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Current results of a multicenter trial in multiple myeloma.

257 untreated myeloma patients (stage II and III) were studied in a multicenter trial. The patients were randomized and received MP or VCMP therapy. No differences in remission rate could be found in both therapy arms. After successful remission induction those patients without maintenance therapy relapsed significantly earlier than those patients receiving maintenance therapy. In pilot studies an etoposide therapy was found ineffective and a multidrug therapy (VBAMDex) could induce high remission rates in high risk and pretreated patients.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

Regulation of the in vitro monoclonal immunoglobulin production in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and bone marrow cells from myeloma patients mediated by T cell dependent mitogens.

In vitro monoclonal immunoglobulin (mIg) production of cultured tumour cells--prepared from the bone marrow (BM) or from the peripheral blood (PB) of 40 multiple myeloma (MM) patients, 16 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and two patients with M. Waldenström--was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using anti-idiotype and anti-class specific antisera. After in vitro stimulation with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) or OKT3 antibody, mIg production was regularly suppressed in BM cell cultures, whereas enhanced, unaltered or suppressed production was observed in PB cell cultures. These observations show that the expanded clone in MM can still be regulated in vitro. Separation experiments demonstrated the involvement of T cells in this in vitro system. The results could be explained by the hypothesis that activated T cells can suppress mature cells of B cell differentiation, as found in BM of the patients, but stimulate earlier B cells from the peripheral blood towards differentiation into Ig secreting cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

[Anaphylactoid shock following Alloferin].

Reports of allergic complications related to Alloferin are very infrequent. We report a case of anaphylactoid reaction to this drug. The diagnosis was confirmed by intradermal testing.

Alcuronium↗
PubMed1985

[Properties and efficacy of a human immunoglobulin M preparation for intravenous administration].

From Cohn fraction III a new immunoglobulin (Ig) preparation (Pentaglobin) was prepared. This preparation contains 72% IgG and is enriched in IgM (12%) and IgA (16%). Due to a treatment with beta-propiolactone it is suitable for intravenous application. This IgM-enriched immunoglobulin preparation is prominent in high antibody titers (passive hemagglutination) against gram-negative as well as gram-positive germs and shows significantly higher efficacy in mouse protection tests than intravenous standard IgG. The high IgM content of this preparation in particular is responsible for the binding of bacterial antigens. Thus a marked advancement in the treatment of bacterial infections is to be expected by this new intravenously tolerable immunoglobulin preparation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

In vitro immunoglobulin production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from multiple myeloma patients and patients with benign monoclonal gammopathy. Regulation by cell subsets.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) from four patients with IgG myeloma and four patients with benign monoclonal gammopathy (BMG) were stimulated with pokeweed mitogen (PWM), and the in vitro immunoglobulin production over 7 days was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All myeloma patients were sufficiently treated with cytostatic drugs. Their PBM did not produce monoclonal Ig in vitro, as opposed to PBM from two patients with BMG. Unseparated PBM from myeloma patients produced smaller amounts of polyclonal Ig than unseparated cells from normal donors. However, macrophage-depleted PBM from myeloma patients produced amounts of Ig comparable to those of normal donors when autologous or allogeneic adherent cells were returned in defined numbers. T cells from three of the four myeloma patients could provide help for the Ig production by B cells from healthy donors. These results indicate that functionally normal polyclonal B cells circulate in the blood of myeloma patients. The circulating T-cell population also has no obvious defect. In contrast, blood macrophages seemed to be altered with respect to their regulating function for polyclonal Ig production. The results obtained by using cell populations from patients with BMG did not differ from those of healthy people.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical staging and course evaluation of patients with multiple myeloma and benign monoclonal hyperglobulinemia using the Salmon-Wampler total tumor cell mass calculation].

The calculation of tumor cell mass according to Salmon and Wampler was applied in a retrospective study comprising 79 unselected patients with multiple myeloma. The method proved to be a useful parameter for judging prognosis and course of the disease. IgG myelomas showed a better and prolonged regression of tumor cell mass than IgA myelomas. The average reduction of tumor cell mass under chemotherapy amounted to approximately 0.5 log. 38.5% of all patients went into a plateau phase after an initial decrease of their tumor cell mass, 30.8% showed varying values, whereas in 7.7% the reduction of the tumor cell mass occurred in a protracted fashion. The investigation of those patients in whom the first chemotherapy regimen was exchanged for another one showed, however, that the tumor cell mass calculation could not replace other controls, particularly X-ray controls pertaining to the progression of bone destruction. In benign monoclonal hyperglobulinemia, the calculation of the "tumor cell mass" can be applied as a sensitive parameter for judging the transition into multiple myeloma.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1983

Circulating immune complexes in malignant diseases increased detection rate by simultaneous use of three assay methods.

By using three different assay methods, circulating immune complexes have been detected in 85% of sera from patients with malignant melanoma, and in 77% of sera from patients with breast cancer. These methods were a C1q-binding assay, a double-antibody conglutinin-binding ELISA, and a polyethylene glycol 6000 precipitation technique followed by quantitative determination of immunoglobulins in the redissolved precipitate. Detection rates of circulating immune complexes using any one of these methods separately ranged from 33% to 56%, indicating the presence of different types of circulating immune complexes in cancer patients' sera. The combined use of the three methods mentioned resulted in an increased diagnostic sensitivity and a doubling of the predictive value. However, tests for circulating immune complexes cannot be considered as useful parameters for early diagnosis of cancer, since the comparatively low incidence of malignancies in the population at large, together with the presence of circulating immune complexes in other, nonmalignant, diseases of considerable prevalence, appears to preclude effective application of any nonspecific method for early diagnosis of cancer in general.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1983

The binding of different lectins on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic inflammatory and malignant diseases.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with multiple myeloma, gastrointestinal tumors, and inflammatory bowel disease were analyzed for binding of various lectins. The results demonstrated that in most of the patients with multiple myeloma a significantly increased percentage of cells positive for Lotus tetragonolobus agglutinin (LTA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and a decreased number of Agaricus bisporus agglutinin (ABA) positive cells were present as compared to a normal control group. This could not be shown in malignant or inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract where only some patients exhibited an increased PNA and LTA binding, respectively. Patients with the systemic malignant disease differed from patients with solid localized tumors by a significantly altered number of ABA, LTA and SBA-positive peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Double fluorescence studies using monoclonal antibodies and lectins revealed that most of the cells expressing receptors for ABA had also receptors for OKT3, whereas most of the cells with receptors for LTA, PNA, SBA, and WGA were found to be positive for OKM.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1980

Idiotype-bearing peripheral blood lymphocytes in human multiple myeloma and Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia.

Antisera raised against idiotypic determinants (ID) of myeloma proteins and macroglobulins have been used to differentiate peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) populations from individual patients. ID-positive lymphocytes not resembling plasma cells have been regularly found in peripheral blood in these diseases. For further characterization ID-positive lymphocytes were enriched from the peripheral blood by affinity chromatography using heterologous anti-idiotypic sera. Two patients with IgG myeloma, one patient with Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia and two persons with benign monoclonal hyperglobulinaemia (BMH) were examined by this technique. The ID-positive PBL population was shown to be heterogeneous with respect to non-tumour-specific surface markers, such as sheep erythrocytes (SRBC), Fc and C receptors. Tumour-specific idiotypic determinants will thus allow a more correct recognition of the total tumour cell compartment in these diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in multiple myeloma.

Antisera raised against idiotypic determinants of myeloma proteins and macroglobulins have been used to differentiate peripheral blood lymphocytes populations from individual patients. I.D.-positive lymphocytes not resembling plasma cells have been regularly found in peripheral blood in these diseases. This lymphocyte population is heterogeneous with respect to non-tumor-specific surface markers, such as SRBC-, Fc- and C-receptors. Tumor specific idiotypic determinants will thus allow a more correct recognition of the total tumor cell compartment in these diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Immunological and functional characteristics of peripheral blood and synovial fluid lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Spontaneous (SCMC) and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC); mitogenic responsiveness (PHA, Con A, PPD, dextran and pokeweed) as well as lymphocyte subpopulations (E-, EA-, EAC-rosettes, S-Ig) were studied simultaneously in peripheral blood (PBL) and synovial fluid lymphocytes (SFL) of fifteen patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Marked differences were observed in the cytotoxic activity of SFL and PBL. Whereas SCMC activity of SFL was always significantly elevated above the cytotoxic levels of PBL, the reverse was true for the ADCC reaction; here, 50% of the patients showed a decreased cytotoxicity of SFL compared to PBL. Synovial fluid neutrophils (SFN) were found to be inactive in both cytotoxic assays. No differences were found in ADCC activity of PBL between normal controls and RA patients. In SCMC assays a significantly increased activity of control PBL was only observed at L/T ratios of 100:1. Overnight incubation of PBL from RA patients and normal controls resulted in a marked decrease in SCMC and, to a smaller extent, in ADCC activity. SFL from three out of four patients lost less SCMC activity after overnight incubation than the corresponding PBL. In one patient even an increased activity in both cytotoxic systems was obtained. Regarding lymphocyte populations, T-cells were significantly decreased in PBL of RA patients. With the exception of a significantly lowered percentage of C3 receptor positive cells in SFL, no significant differences were recorded in the lymphocyte distribution between the patients' PBL and SFL. In the RA patients, the response to T-cell mitogens was significantly depressed in SFL while PPD and pokeweed reactivity was equal to that of PBL.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Lymphoid cell lines: in vitro cell markers in correlation to tumorigenicity in nude mice.

Tumorigenicity of lymphoid cell lines of different origin upon xenotransplantation (s.c. and i.m.) in cell concentrations of 1 X 10(6) cell/inoculum into nude mice was correlated to karyotype, presence of the 14 q + marker, EBV reactivity and immunological markers. Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL), lacking the 14 q + marker failed to produce tumors independent upon diploidy or aneuploidy. Lymphoma-type lines of Burkitt lymphoma, lymphosarcoma and Hodgkins disease-origin, genotypically aneuploid, and expressing the 14 q + marker were tumorogenic in nude mice, when inoculated in the same cell quantities where LCL failed to form tumors. Tumorgrowth in nude mice was independent upon the presence of EBV in the inoculated cells.

Animals↗