Biomedical subjects

I Simková

Publications and source records attributed to I Simková.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Echocardiography and exercise electrocardiography in the assessment of long-term outcome after percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty.

Before and immediate (invasive examination) and long-term follow-up (4.5 year; echocardiography, exercise electrocardiography) studies after percutaneous transvenous mitral valvuloplasty (PTMV; Inoue technique) were prospectively performed in 123 consecutive patients with pure or dominant mitral stenosis. These patients consisted of two groups: Group A with suitable valve morphology (n = 108, mean age 49.6 years, echocardiographic score 8.2 +/- 1.5), and Group B with less favourable valve morphology (n = 15, mean age 59.3 years, echocardiographic score 11.3 +/- 2.3) rejected for surgery because of high surgical risk. PTMV is a safe and effective nonsurgical method of treatment for symptomatic mitral stenosis and has long-lasting results in patients with pliable mitral valve as well as in patients with less suitable valve morphology. Echocardiography (Doppler approach) is the most efficient noninvasive method for assessment of PTMV effect. Exercise electrocardiography test is a valuable complementary method for objective measurement of patient working capacity and to confirm the success of PTMV.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Changes in respiratory mechanics after cardiac surgery].

Cardiac surgery involves a complex of factors adversely affecting the pulmonary function (PF). Among them mainly pleurotomy and hypothermic phrenic nerve injury may potentially deteriorate postoperative PF. In a prospective study of 236 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, pre-, early and late postoperative PFs were evaluated. The impact of different techniques of coronary artery bypass grafting, of pleurotomy and diaphragmatic dysfunction and the effect of COPD on the postoperative modification of PF was investigated. The analysis revealed a substantial impairment of postoperative PF especially when pleural cavity was entered, the patients had COPD history, diaphragmatic dysfunction, or multiple pulmonary complications were present. These aspects should be considered in optimizing the pre-, per- and postoperative management of cardiac patients. (Tab. 5, Fig. 6, Ref. 34.)

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗

PubMed1997

[Pulmonary complications after heart surgery].

The authors present a detailed analysis of pulmonary complications after open-heart surgery and of their risk factors. The results of the presented study indicate that COPD patients with functional impairments are more sensitive to complicated postoperative outcome and to respiratory infections, in general. There is a clear relationship between artificial violation of the pleural cavity, diaphragmatic dysfunction and pleural effusion. Diaphragmatic dysfunction appears more frequently in mammarocoronary bypass patients in consequence of pleurotomy. The incidence of dysfunction could be reduced by the use of phrenic nerve insulation. Patients with pulmonary complications suffer from serious pulmonary function deficit. The possibilities of identification of the patients at risk, as well as the prevention and prophylaxis are analysed. (Tab. 7, Fig. 2, Ref. 71.)

Coronary Artery Bypass↗

PubMed1992

[Lungs and their function in heart disease].

Pulmonary manifestations of cardiac diseases are reviewed and the contribution of pulmonary function assessment in diagnosis, management and prognosis of these diseases is being emphasized. Inborn and acquired diseases of the heart exert pathological effects on pulmonary hemodynamics and later on also on lung structure, clinically manifested by pulmonary symptomatology and abnormalities in pulmonary function. The basic mechanisms of pulmonary function derangement include pulmonary congestion and hyperreactivity of the airways as a consequence of increased blood pressure or flow in the pulmovascular network (postcapillary or hyperkinetic pulmonary hypertension). The severity of the given cardiac disease determines also the condition of pulmonary function. Thus examinations of pulmonary function substantially contribute to the classification of the functional state and to optimal choices in therapeutic strategy. Appropriate surgical or medical therapeutic procedures can improve the hemodynamic conditions in the pulmonary vascular network. This, in turn, leads to partial regression of morphological changes in the pulmonary parenchyma and thus to gradual improvement of pulmonary function. (Tab. 4, Fig. 4, Ref. 62.)

Heart Diseases↗

PubMed1990

[Pulmonary function in heart surgery patients].

In patients undergoing open-heart surgery pulmonary functions can be deranged by primary cardiac disorders, associated chronic pulmonary disease, as well as by other factors, such as obesity and smoking. Cardiac surgery involves a complex of several factors adversely affecting pulmonary functions, i.e. the cardiosurgical procedure itself, extracorporeal circulation, anesthesia, postoperative pain, delayed chest physiotherapy, immobilization of the patient. There is a direct correlation between pulmonary functions and postoperative pulmonary complications. The paper analyzes postoperative pulmonary complications and their causes, as well as possibilities of identifying of the patients at risk, and it evaluates the value of pulmonary function testing in this process. The possibilities of prophylaxis and prevention of pulmonary complications in the preoperative, peroperative, and postoperative period are surveyed.

Anesthesia↗