Excitation of internally perfused squid giant axons in sodium-free media.
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Amino Alcohols↗
Biomedical subjects
I Singer
Publications and source records attributed to I Singer.
Effects of internal and external ionic environment on excitability of squid giant axon. A macromolecular approach.
The effects of ten cations and fifteen anions on the excitability of the squid giant axon were studied. The method of intracellular perfusion used in these investigations is described in detail. Empirical criteria were established for evaluating the relative favorability of any salt solution for maintaining the normal excitability of the membrane of the axon. It was found that both cations and anions could be ordered in sequences of relative favorability, which are directly related to the classic lyotropic sequences found for protein macromolecules and in colloid chemistry in general. The effects of concentration, salt mixtures, non-electrolyte carriers, enzymes, metabolic inhibitors, pH, and external media were also studied. The results are interpreted in terms of current concepts of the interactions between water structure, charged macromolecules, and their ionic environments. A macromolecular approach is given to the physicochemical nature of the "two stable states" of the excitable membrane, to describe the time-dependent potential changes observed.
Animals↗
Hemodialysis-related emergencies--Part 1.
Hemodialysis patients are seen in the emergency department much more frequently than their relatively small number would suggest. Many pitfalls attend the management of these patients, in whom there is a high potential for serious morbidity and mortality. This article outlines the principles of emergency department management of hemodialysis patients and describes the approach to the diagnosis and treatment of their most common presenting problems. Many of these are related to the hemodialysis procedure itself or to underlying chronic renal failure. Special attention is given to the problems of the vascular access, the hemodialysis patient's lifeline. The indications for emergent dialysis are discussed, as well as the temporizing measures available to the emergency physician while awaiting institution of dialysis.
Emergencies↗
Hemodialysis-related emergencies--Part II.
The management of medical emergencies in hemodialysis patients is not simple and is best carried out in consultation with experienced nephrologists. However, emergency staff who are likely to encounter such emergencies must be familiar with the principles of their diagnosis and treatment and have practical management strategies at their disposal.
Blood Pressure↗
[Posttraumatic duodenal lesions in children. The therapeutic considerations].
The posttraumatic lesions of the duodenum in children represent rare cases in the surgical field. 4 cases of duodenal lesions were registered and operated upon in the Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedic Clinic, in cooperation with the ICU Clinic, 2 of them having postoperative complications (duodenal fistulae), these cases being initially situated in a retroperitoneal position (lateral and posterior). The ICU therapy was directed in the first step towards the traumatic and septic shock, in the second one to the immediate postoperative care and in the third step towards late complications. For the 2 cases having postoperative complications, the care was directed towards the elements of local complications (retroperitoneal abscess, fistulae), MSOF, sustaining the immune system correcting the nutritional deficiencies. Surgical methods used for sustaining the ICU therapy were: endovenous catheterisation, gastro-duodenal aspiration, solving the fistulae through catheters and suture. The results, using the methods described above, were good.
Abdominal Injuries↗
[Follow-up evaluation of omphalocele treatment in children. The experience of the department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics No.1 University Hospital Craiova].
Abdominal wall malformations are a frequent category of congenital malformations in the last years in all Departments for Pediatric Surgery from our country. The authors are presenting a serie of 35 cases of newborns admitted and treated in the Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics Department of the Clinical University Hospital No. 1 Craiova and in the same time they are evaluating in time the results after different surgical technics. From the point of view of the surgical techniques applied in the last 20 years the authors are communicating their results with the following procedures: Gross, Allen-Wren, Fufezan, and also their results with a nonsurgical procedure (Grob). The authors are manchenning that it is possible to combine (depending on the anatomo-clinical) the surgical approach with the non-operative management of the case. Clinical parameters such as sex, birthweight, immaturity, associated malformations, size of the abdominal deffect are the main element to predict the outcome of these patients and to choose the right management strategy, thus it is very important to investigate the pregnancy evolution and the birth period. The good results (82.9% surviving) are representing the prove of a good therapeutic decision being impossible to use synthetic materials for substitution (silicon, dacron, teflon, etc.) and in the same time an important guide for our future activity.
Female↗
[Elements of gynecology pathology in girls before and during puberty age].
PURPOSE: The annexial pathology in little girls is representing a more and more frequent form of acute and chronic abdomen, especially in girls around the age of puberty with dysfunction of the menstrual cycle correlated with disturbance of growing and the occurrence of secondary sexual characters. If this kind of pathology is frequent in the period of puberty, there are cases diagnosticated at small ages. MATERIAL & METHODS: The authors are communicating a number of 25 cases with anexial pathology some of them manifesting the symptoms of the acute abdomen (most of them with torsion of the normal or pathological annexes) others having a chronic aspect. The clinical examination correlated with the imagistic investigations were the main elements for the diagnosis. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The results were good, the follow-up of the patients is including social therapy with the girls and their families, for integration in the family, evaluating the chance of giving birth. The occurrence of some forms of acute abdomen was frequent on a pathologic annexes (malformated annexes), causing sometimes the excision of it, extended to the uterus. The presence of a malign tumour can be related with different malformations, also caused by exposure to some risk factors: radiation, pollution, chemical agriculture, deficitary alimentation, stress etc.).
Abdomen, Acute↗
[Errors and difficulties in the diagnosis and management of acute and chronic abdomen in children].
The authors are reviewing on a lot of 2844 cases between 1996 and 2000 the difficult problems of differential diagnosis between acute surgical abdomen in children and intestinal tuberculosis, abdominal tumors and inflammatory diseases such as acute osteomielitis. They are presenting 13 particular cases in which the acute abdomen diagnosis was difficult or even omitted.
Abdomen, Acute↗
Repetitive intraoperative mapping and cryotherapy improve the results of endocardial resection for ventricular tachycardia.
Patients with recurrent ventricular tachycardia or a history of a sudden cardiac death episode and ventricular tachycardia inducible in the electrophysiology laboratory have a high incidence of recurrence and a high mortality despite medical therapy. Map-guided endocardial resection has improved treatment results, but is associated with a 10-30% failure rate. In our initial experience with endocardial resection (Group I) we incurred a 30% treatment failure rate. In the present study we have found the addition of sequential intraoperative mapping and routine use of cryotherapy (Group II) improved our results of ventricular tachycardia control without significant additional morbidity or mortality.
Aged↗
Phenotypic modification of human glioma and non-small cell lung carcinoma by glucocorticoids and other agents.
Glucocorticoids are cytostatic for human glioma grown at a high cell density in cell culture. The effect is not cytotoxic, appears to involve a modification of the cell surface, and has been detected with methyl prednisolone, dexamethasone, and beta-methasone. Glucocorticoids were also found to reduce malignancy-associated properties (plasminogen activator and endothelial mitogenesis) and enhance differentiation (glutamyl synthetase activity and high affinity GABA uptake). Cytostasis was also seen at high cell densities in non-small cell lung carcinoma with a concomitant reduction in plasminogen activator activity and endothelial mitogenesis. Preliminary data on surfactant production in A549 cells suggests that the repression of malignancy-associated properties is accompanied by an increase in cell differentiation. Treatment of the WIL adenocarcinoma gown as a xenograft in nude mice caused total cessation of growth and massive central necrosis in the tumor.
Astrocytoma↗
[Hydatid cysts of plurivisceral localizations in a child].
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Child, Preschool↗
The circle closed.
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American Medical Association↗
[Rectal lesions in children. Clinico-therapeutic considerations of 12 cases].
The lesions of the anus and the rectum are not very really found in children, representing even a appreciable percentage; in the Pediatric Surgery Clinic of the University Hospital no. 1 of Craiova were admitted and operated 12 patients with lesions of the rectum between 1986 and 1998. The causes of these lesions were: polytraumatism--3, falls in different sharp things--7, rectal perforations on the septic base from the peritoneal cavity--1, iatrogenic cause--1. The surgical treatment were consisted in: the suture of wounds on the perineal way, lavage, drainage, antibiotherapy--6 cases, the iliac left anus with the re-establishing of the continuity--3 cases, the suture of wounds on the perineal and abdominal ways--2 cases. The conditions were good in 9 cases--cured, and 3 deceases (2 polytraumatism, 1 case malformed new-born with perforation produced by using haegar).
Adolescent↗