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Biomedical subjects

I Sulg

Publications and source records attributed to I Sulg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis: the relation to VEP, SEP and CSF immunoglobulins.

One hundred patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) were analysed retrospectively with respect to investigations of brain-stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP), pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (VEP), somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP), and cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins (CSF-IG). BAEP were abnormal in 42% of those with normal VEP and SEP examinations, and in 38% of patients with normal CSF-IG. The chance of obtaining at least one abnormal EP was lower in patients with normal CSF-IG than in patients with abnormal CSF. When a "dispersion ratio" was included in the criteria for BAEP abnormality, the sensitivity increased compared with conventional BAEP criteria. We recommend that BAEP should still be included in the EP test battery for patients with suspected MS.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Hyperventilation syndrome: clinical, ventilatory, and personality characteristics as observed in neurological practice.

The symptoms of the hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) are sometimes diffuse, and HVS may resemble other clinical conditions. A diagnosis of HVS was made in 25 patients referred for neurological assessment because of atypical, shortlasting, episodic complaints. The referral diagnoses varied within a wide range. A need for more indepth knowledge about this group of patients thus arose. During a provocation test with forced respiration, all patients reported symptoms similar to those during attacks. Eight patients described numbness or paraesthesias with unilateral predominance. End-tidal pCO2 levels were monitored prior to and during a forced hyperventilation test. Compared with controls, the patients had significantly decreased end-tidal pCO2 even during symptom free periods. After hyperventilation, hypocapnia followed a protracted course in the patient group. Sensory symptoms may be asymmetric and mimic focal cerebral disease. Strained respiration may be denied during spontaneous attacks. Personality characteristics were evaluated with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). A mean group profile very similar to profiles reported on "pseudoepileptic" patients was found. The profile indicates a neurotic pattern where patients tend to respond to psychological stress with somatic symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

A new syndrome: thrombocytopathia, muscle fatigue, asplenia, miosis, migraine, dyslexia and ichthyosis.

A new multifacetted syndrome inherited as an autosomal, dominant trait is described encompassing not only two hitherto undescribed hereditary defects--thrombocytopathia and asplenia--but also muscle contractile defect, migraine-like headache, miosis, dyslexia and ichthyosis. None of these defects has so far been assigned to a specific chromosome or linkage group. Further studies on the various aspects of the syndrome are in progress.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Effects of anaesthesia for caesarean section on the computerized EEG of the neonate.

The effects of anaesthetic techniques and drugs on 18 neonates born after elective Caesarean section were studied, employing computerized EEG. Three different groups, epidural, spinal and general anaesthesia, were compared with each other and with a control group after normal vaginal delivery. A new computerized EEG method, Zero Band Power Rate (ZBPR) analysis, was devised for this study and implemented together with conventional spectral EEG estimates of five frequency bands. ZBPR analysis was found to be much more sensitive than conventional spectral analyses for detecting differences between the study groups. Significant differences occurred between the general anaesthesia group and the epidural and control groups and also between the spinal group and the epidural and control groups. No significant difference was seen between the epidural group and the control group. Significant differences were attributed to the clinical use of two drugs: thiopentone in the general anaesthesia group and ephedrine in the spinal group. The effects of these drugs on the neonatal EEG were reflected in decreased ZBPR values, particularly during sleep.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The influence of click phase and rate upon latencies and latency distributions of the normal brain-stem auditory evoked potentials.

The effect of the phase of the click stimulus and its relation to the stimulus repetition rate on the brain-stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) was investigated in 43 normal subjects, with condensation (C) and rarefaction (R) clicks of 10 and 50 Hz rate, using a piezoelectric headphone . The distribution of C and R latencies for component I seemed to be bimodal, probably reflecting (at least) two subcomponents in I separated by about 0.20 msec. C clicks tended to evoke the first and R clicks the second subcomponent. Condensation clicks gave significantly shorter absolute mean latencies for components I, IN, II, III, IIIN , IV and VI (10 Hz) and components IN, II, III, IIIN and IV (50 Hz). The V/I relative amplitude means were not influenced by phase, but increased with rate. Standard deviations were greatest for component IV latencies and increased only insignificantly with the higher repetition rate. A significantly smaller number of IV components was identified with R as compared to C clicks. Increasing the stimulus rate to 50 Hz detected wave IV in 12 of the 18 records where R clicks failed to identify IV with 10 Hz stimulation. The importance of the stimulus characteristics is discussed and some suggestions for clinical use of BAEP are made.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

"Hemicrania continua". An indomethacin responsive headache. II. Autonomic function studies.

Various autonomic parameters have been studied in two patients with "hemicrania continua", a newly described unilateral headache which is aborted by indomethacin. Striking findings were made on pupillometry: In both patients, isocoria was present when untreated. Bilateral instillation of tyramine in the conjunctival sac resulted in a late appearing anisocoria, with the smaller pupil on the symptomatic side. Indomethacin medication corrected this anomaly. These findings add further evidence to our firm belief that "hemicrania continua" differs fundamentally from chronic paroxysmal hemicrania, where such pupillometric changes are not found. There thus seem to be at least two different types of hemicranias with an absolute indomethacin effect.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1983

Benign familial myoclonus-like movements, partly of early onset.

A family with benign, myoclonus-like involuntary movements of early onset has previously been described by us (Refsum and Sjaastad, 1972, 1973; Sjaastad, 1981). In the present communication electrographical investigations carried out in the proband and his sister will be reported. Additional information will also be reported regarding onset of the abnormal movements.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Somatosensory evoked responses as a diagnostic aid in thoracic outlet syndrome. A postoperative study.

In the present study we have recorded evoked responses in the supraclavicular fossa (Erb's point) following stimulation of the median and ulnar nerves separately on both sides, in patients with thoracic outlet syndrome. Nine out of the 13 patients showed abnormal findings in the preoperative recordings when compared to the recordings of the 20 healthy controls. The first postoperative recordings were performed two months after operation and 3 out of 9 patients with the abnormal preoperative recordings showed normalized results and in addition 2 patients, about one to two years after the operation in the second postoperative recordings. It is suggested that the Erb's point recordings may be of value not only in the diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome but also that these recordings are possibly suitable for postoperative follow-up of this disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Somatosensory evoked responses as a diagnostic aid in thoracic outlet syndrome. A preoperative study.

Responses evoked in the supraclavicular fossa (Erb's point) were recorded after stimulation of the median and ulnar nerves separately in both arms. The recordings were made in 20 healthy controls and 13 patients with unilateral thoracic outlet syndrome. In 12 of the 13 patients subsequent surgery clearly confirmed the diagnosis. Nine of the 13 patients showed abnormalities in the preoperative recordings at Erb's point. In all of these nine patients the relative amplitude difference on the affected side was outside the normal range. In two patients there was also abnormally low conduction velocity. The differences of amplitudes in the Erb's point responses between patients and controls were statistically significant. The suggestion is made that Erb's point responses evoked by stimulation of the median and ulnar nerves may be of diagnostic value in thoracic outlet syndrome and that the method is suitable as a supplement to conventional electroneurography in routine clinical practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Somatosensory evoked potentials in diagnostics of cervical spondylosis and herniated disc.

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were recorded in 16 healthy controls and 12 patients suffering symptoms typical of cervical spondylosis and/or herniated disc and showing abnormal findings both in clinical and myelographic examinations. SEP recordings were performed at 3 different levels of the nervous system, at Erb's point, over the 7th cervical spine and at the inion, by stimulating the median nerve separately at both wrists. Nine of the 12 patients were chosen for surgical treatment, while 3 patients received physiotherapy. Six out of the 12 patients showed abnormal findings in SEP recordings, while the 3 patients chosen for the physiotherapy group showed normal SEP recordings. In the present study the amplitudes of the responses may seem to reflect nerve lesions caused by spondylotic deformities more than the latencies of responses. The results suggest that the SEP recordings may have value as a diagnostic aid in cervical spondylosis and spinal stenosis, which finding is in agreement with those of some other authors.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Electroretinography by skin electrodes and signal averaging method.

In the investigation of suspected visual disorders, ERG is of considerable value. A simplified method for clinical electroretinography by non-corneal electrodes is presented. The latency and amplitude values were measured in 22 normal subjects. Using skin electrodes and signal averaging, we can record, without discomfort to the patient, an electroretinogram with a waveform and time relations similar to those obtained by corneal electrodes. Non-corneal ERG is useful for infants, children as well as sensitive adult patients, and is also applicable after recent eye surgery and in cases of infection or injury of the anterior segment. Since non-corneal electrodes do not obstruct the stimulus light or cause of refractive change, they are advantageous when ERG is recorded simultaneously with visually evoked cortical response (VER). When it is important to stimulate only one eye at a time in flash VER, the adequacy of the cover is verified by the absence of an ERG from the covered eye.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked response (VER) studies in patients with optic disc drusen.

Non-corneal ERGs, recorded from infraorbital skin electrodes to flash stimulation and mid-occipital and parasagittal VERs to both flash stimulation and pattern reversal were performed in 26 patients with optic disc drusen. ERGs were normal in all patients. The mean VER amplitude was lower in the eyes with optic disc drusen than the mean amplitude of VERs in the normals but the interindividual variation was also so great in normals that the difference was not significant. The waveform of the major positive peak was quite often broad or split. VER latencies were usually in normal range although the visual field defects could be rather severe. Some other cause was present when the major positive peak was delayed.

Electroretinography↗
PubMed1979

Brachial plexus and radicular neurography in relation to cortical evoked responses.

An application of somatosensory potential recording suitable for clinical neurodiagnostics is described. Evoked responses were recorded with surface electrodes at four levels between wrist and scalp: Erb's point, seventh cervical spine, inion, and the somatosensory area of the scalp. The normal latency and latency difference values based on 16 healthy subjects are presented as well as those of four examples of pathological cases with lesions at various levels in the nervous system. The method presented offers novel possibilities for solving problems of differential diagnosis, especially at the level of the brachial plexus.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Multi-channel telephone transmission and quantitative on-line analysis of EEG in brain surgery.

During the last ten years clinical neurophysiology has used computerized quantitative methods for analysis. Evaluation of the information previously hidden in the signals from the nervous system offers previously unknown uses and applications for neurosurgery. The quantitative EEG (QEEG) for example may offer more reliable and easily understandable information of brain activity than the conventional analogue EEG. The techniques for QEEG-analysis have now reached such an advanced stage that they extract at the same time more information from the EEG than can be achieved by visual interpretation. The problems of distances between neurosurgical departments and computer centers can be overcome by means of telephone transmitter systems, as has been done in the present study. Patients with epilepsy or brain tumour undergoing surgery were analyzed and monitored with the peroperative tele-QEEG-system. Our experiences were encouraging since the neurophysiological part of the work at the operation unit was reduced considerably thanks to the tele-system. At the same time we obtained easily understandable EEG-information which has never previously been available to us.

Brain↗