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I Sutherland

Publications and source records attributed to I Sutherland.

101 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

BCG and vole bacillus vaccination in adolescence and mortality from leukaemia.

In total, 28 deaths from leukaemia are known to have occurred among the 54,239 participants in the Medical Research Council tuberculosis vaccines trial (initially aged about 14 years), from its beginning in 1950 to the end of 1979. There is evidence that this total is likely to be very nearly complete. During the entire period (average 27.1 years) the leukaemia mortality per million person-years was 25 in the BCG vaccinated group, 20 in the vole-bacillus vaccinated group, and 21 in the randomly-allocated unvaccinated (control) group. Although there was neither a benefit nor a disadvantage from vaccination over the whole period, detailed figures suggested that there may have been a beneficial effect against leukaemia during the first 15 years after entry (that is between age 15 and 30 years) and a deleterious effect after longer intervals (or above the age of 30 years). Alternatively this swing may simply represent an unusual chance fluctuation. There has been no sign in recent years of any substantial decrease in leukaemia mortality in England and Wales at ages 15-29 years, although the proportion of children given BCG vaccine at about age 13 years has risen from less than 1 per cent (for the cohort aged 15-19 years in 1951-1955) to more than 70 per cent 25 years later. It has therefore been provisionally concluded that chance is the explanation for the apparent swing from prevention to enhancement, and that BCG vaccination at age 13-14 years in Great Britain does not affect subsequent mortality from leukaemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Superoxide dismutase and catalase do not improve recovery of regional myocardial contractile function when given at the time of reperfusion after reversible regional ischemia in anesthetized dogs.

Earlier studies have demonstrated an improvement in the recovery of the regional myocardial function after reversible myocardial ischemia when dogs were treated with superoxide dismutase (SOD) + catalase (CAT). In all these studies, drug administration was started prior to the ischemic period. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SOD and CAT on the recovery of the regional contractile function in anesthetized beagle dogs when the drugs were administered at the time of reperfusion. The animals were subjected to 20 min of left coronary artery occlusion followed by 3 h reperfusion. The regional myocardial contractile function, measured as subendocardial segment shortening (SS, sonomicrometry) decreased to below zero and the regional blood flow in the ischemic subendocardium was reduced to about 5% of pre-ischemic values during the coronary artery occlusion period. The size of the occluded bed was similar in the two groups. Saline (n = 8) or SOD (10 mg/kg) + CAT (3.4 mg/kg) (n = 8) were infused into the left atrium from 2.5 min prior to until 20 min after the start of reperfusion. The peak plasma level of SOD was 102 +/- 15 mg/l at 20 min reperfusion. There were no significant differences in the arterial blood pressure, cardiac contractile function and regional blood flow between the two groups at any time during the experiment. During reperfusion in the dogs given vehicle, SS recovered to 48 +/- 7% (mean +/- SEM) after the first hour of reperfusion, and to 51 +/- 6% of pre-ischemic values after 3 h of reperfusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗