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Biomedical subjects

I T Kung

Publications and source records attributed to I T Kung.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Expression of muscle actins in diffuse mesotheliomas.

Ultrastructural examinations have shown myofibroblastoid differentiation in sarcomatoid/desmoplastic mesotheliomas, but immunohistochemical expression of muscle actins seldom has been documented. We examined 10 sarcomatoid, 12 epithelial, and five biphasic mesotheliomas immunohistochemically for the expression of muscle-specific actin (MSA) and smooth muscle actin (SMA) and compared it with that in 12 specimens of lung cancer. All of the sarcomatoid mesotheliomas were found to be positive for both MSA and SMA. The epithelial cells in nine epithelial and two biphasic mesotheliomas were positive for MSA, but SMA was only positive in one epithelial mesothelioma. Conversely, the lung cancers were negative for both MSA and SMA in the epithelial cells, except for one specimen that was weakly positive for MSA. The stromal cells in both the epithelial mesotheliomas and lung cancers were negative for cytokeratin but were positive for MSA and SMA, whereas the sarcomatoid and biphasic mesothelioma spindle cells were positive for all three antibodies. We concluded that sarcomatoid mesothelioma was positive for MSA and SMA, which is in support of its myofibroblastic differentiation, and that positivity for MSA in some epithelial mesotheliomas might be of diagnostic value in differentiation from lung cancers.

Actins↗
PubMed1994

Dithiothreitol homogenization of prefixed sputum for lung cancer detection.

The technique of chemical homogenization of sputum for cancer detection was revisited. The mucolytic agent dithiothreitol (DTT) had been used by the authors on fresh specimens. In this study, its effectiveness in homogenizing prefixed sputum was investigated. Fifty-seven positive samples were examined: 28 were prefixed with 2% carbowax in 60% ethanol and 29 in 3% carbowax in 60% ethanol. Each specimen was divided equally into three parts and homogenized immediately, 3 and 7 days later, respectively, with 0.2% (0.013 mol/L) DTT in the respective prefixative. Five samples were prefixed for 4 wk before homogenization. The homogenization time varied from 30 min to 48 hr. The cellular morphology was compared to directly smeared controls from the same samples. It was found that the cellular morphology was well preserved and best with the 3% carbowax in 60% ethanol. The specimen could be prefixed for up to 4 wk before homogenization and the homogenization process could last from 30 min to 48 hr without any damaging effect on morphology. Furthermore, screening was made easy with the mucus lysed and its obscuring effect removed and the cells concentrated and evenly distributed. The method was versatile and could be of value in enhancing the detection rate of cancer in sputum.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Maxillary giant cell tumour associated with Paget's disease of bone.

A case involving the rare occurrence of a maxillary giant cell tumour in association with Paget's disease is reported. Surgical treatment consisted of a combined intraoral and temporal approach for tumour resection with temporalis muscle flap reconstruction of the maxilla. The postoperative course was complicated by a recurrence.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1992

Fine-needle aspiration of cystic nephroma (multilocular cyst of the kidney).

Cystic nephromas are rare tumors of the kidney most commonly affecting boys or adult females. The fine-needle aspiration cytomorphology has not yet been described. A renal cystic mass in a 56 year old female was aspirated under ultrasound guidance. Papanicolaou stained smears of the cyst fluid revealed markedly atypical cells forming papillary clusters. Subsequent nephrectomy showed a typical cystic nephroma with lining epithelium resembling that seen in the aspirate. The cytomorphology of cystic nephroma has been misdiagnosed as renal cell carcinoma in the literature. Low cellularity, absence of necrosis, and paucity of single cells are features that should raise the possibility of cystic nephroma in a cystic renal mass.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Fine-needle aspiration in hepatocellular carcinoma. Combined cytologic and histologic approach.

Cytologic features of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been well documented. Most previous reports described only the the morphologic features of the tumor cells without considering the sinusoidal stroma. Cytohistologic correlation on tissue from the same aspirate has rarely been done. This report describes the cytologic patterns of 50 cases of HCC in terms of histologic pattern observed in cell blocks prepared from the same aspiration specimen and classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Tumors were classified according to the predominant pattern. Thirty-two cases gave the trabecular pattern. Smears could be subdivided into a central-sinusoidal pattern (23 cases) and a peripheral-sinusoidal pattern (nine cases). One case gave the pseudoglandular pattern. Seventeen cases gave the compact pattern with inconspicuous sinusoids. In all cases sinusoids were easily recognized in cell block sections. Other cytologic features such as intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, eosinophilic globules, and bile secretion could be seen in both smears and cell blocks. Mallory's hyalin and ground glass inclusions were only recognized in cell blocks. More attention should be paid to the sinusoidal stroma for diagnosis of HCC in FNA; cell blocks should be more widely utilized to this effect; cytologic patterns could be classified according to the WHO histologic classification.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Fine-needle aspiration of gastric leiomyoblastoma metastatic to the subcutis.

Leiomyoblastomas are rare tumors, and there have been few reports on their fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytologic morphology. We herein describe the FNA features of a gastric leiomyoblastoma with subcutaneous metastasis. The cells had eosinophilic cytoplasm and oval eccentric nuclei, occasionally with intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions. An organoid pattern was obvious in cell block sections. The tumor was positive for vimentin but negative for desmin, S-100 protein, and the common epithelial markers. The histogenesis is discussed, as are reasons why this tumor is better termed epithelioid mesenchymal tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Polymorphic reticulosis and conventional lymphomas of the nose and upper aerodigestive tract: a clinicopathologic study of 70 cases, and immunophenotypic studies of 16 cases.

Seventy patients with malignant lymphomas, including the entity known as polymorphic reticulosis (PR), involving the nose, nasal sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx (excluding tonsil), and larynx were studied. There were 26 cases of PR, 19 cases of lymphoma with features of PR (ML[PR]) and 25 cases of conventional lymphomas. Fourteen of the 25 conventional lymphomas were due to dissemination from distant sites. For all histologic types of primary lymphoma, the presenting symptoms were similar, and the nasal cavity was more commonly involved than the nasopharynx. Patients with PR were younger, had a higher male:female ratio, and had a better overall survival rate than patients with conventional lymphomas. Cryostat section immunohistochemistry performed on 17 samples from 16 patients showed only one B lymphoma out of 11 primary lesions; the other 10 cases and three recurrent tumors at distant sites showed phenotypic markers of T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. All three secondary tumors were of B-cell type. Of eight patients with sequential biopsies, progression to a more malignant histopathologic type was found in six. In the PR and ML[PR] biopsies, angiocentricity was detected in 11%, and angioinvasion in 22%. We could not confirm identity of PR with other angiocentric immunoproliferative lesions.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Lymphadenopathy of Kimura's disease.

Kimura's disease is an important category of reactive lymphadenopathy in the Oriental population. The enlarged nodes are mostly located in the head and neck region. Salient pathological changes include florid germinal centers, Warthin-Finkeldey type polykaryocytes, vascularization of germinal centers, increased postcapillary venules in the paracortex, eosinophilic infiltration, and sclerosis. The pathology of Kimura's disease is quite different from that of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (epithelioid hemangioma). Immunoperoxidase studies show IgE reticular networks in germinal centers. Nondegranulated surface IgE-positive mast cells are present in the paracortex. The authors propose that Kimura's disease represents an aberrant immune reaction to an as yet unknown stimulus. Although the individual histological features are nonspecific, the constellation of features is highly characteristic of Kimura's disease. Since lymphadenopathy can herald involvement of other tissues and the prognosis is excellent, accurate diagnosis of this disease in lymph node biopsies may spare the patients unnecessary radical surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Epithelioid haemangioma (angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia) and Kimura's disease in Chinese.

Although Kimura's disease has often been considered to be identical to angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (epithelioid haemangioma), recent studies suggest that they are different clinicopathological entities. In this study, we have made a detailed morphological comparison of 10 cases of epithelioid haemangioma and 40 cases of Kimura's disease occurring in the Chinese population. The epithelioid haemangiomas occurred in the subcutaneous tissue, skin and maxillary antrum, whereas Kimura's disease affected the subcutaneous tissue, major salivary glands and lymph nodes. Distinctive features of epithelioid haemangiomas were exuberant proliferation of vessels lined by cuboidal to hobnail endothelial cells with irregular nuclei and cytoplasmic vacuoles, fibromyxoid matrix, involvement of muscular coat of blood vessels and zonation of inflammatory infiltrate towards the peripheral portion of the lesion. Distinctive features of Kimura's disease were florid lymphoid infiltrate with prominent lymphoid follicles, vascularization of germinal centres, germinal centre necrosis, marked eosinophilia with or without eosinophil abscess formation, proliferation of high endothelial venules, and sclerosis. The histological features suggest that epithelioid haemangioma is a proliferation of atypical endothelial cells, possibly neoplastic, that is associated with a variable inflammatory infiltrate, whereas Kimura's disease is primarily an inflammatory condition in which high endothelial venules are usually found.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Optimal formalin fixation and processing schedule of cell blocks from fine needle aspirates.

In fine needle aspiration cytology, cell blocks may provide diagnostic information complementary or additional to that obtained from examination of cell smears. However, the morphological preservation is often unsatisfactory in cell blocks processed by routine schedules used for surgical specimens. This study investigates the effects of different formalin concentrations and processing schedules on cellular morphology. We conclude that 7.5% buffered formalin is the optimal formalin solution and a shortened processing time through xylene is desirable.

Biopsy, Needle↗