Biomedical subjects

I Tadokoro

Publications and source records attributed to I Tadokoro.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1977

Studies on the minimum reproducible unit of staphylococcal L-forms.

The minimum size of a reproducible unit of staphylococcal L-forms was determined by filtration and electron microscopic methods. Ultrathin sections of an induced strain of Staphylococcal L-forms (STA-EMT-1) in liquid medium revealed several types of structures, all of which were bound by a single membrane and most of which possessed ribosome-like granules. Many of the small granules were less than 0.3 micron and were attached to the membrane of the large bodies. Using a serial filtration method, it was observed that viable L-forms were still detected in 0.22 micron filtrate, but the viable cell count of L-forms decreased in number with the decrease in pore size of membrane filters. A fractionation technique, using L-forms filtered through a membrane filter with a 0.45 micron pore size, revealed that there were three classes of small bodies but only the first class with ribosome-like granules over approximately 0.2 micron in diameter seems to be able to reproduce.

Cell Fractionation↗

PubMed1976

[Ultrastructural study of the adsorption of lymphocytes on cells infected by vacinnia virus].

Adsorption of chicken lymphocytes to HEp-2 cells infected with vaccinia virus was found to occur by two processes. In one, the lymphocytes were attached to the microvilli of the HEp-2 cells, and the lymphocyte and host cell were separated at a distance of up to 0.6 micron. In the other, there was direct and close binding of the lymphocytes to the infected HEp-2 cell. The lymphocyte and HEp-2 cell were separated by an apparent gap approximately 10 to 20 nm in width.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

Effects of cytochalasin B and dibutyryl cyclic AMP on intraleukocytic bactericidal activity.

Cytochalasin B (CB) is known to regulate the movement of intracellular microfilaments system. In this experiment, the effect of CB on the intraleukocytic bactericidal activity was first studied and concluded that CB inhibited the intracellular bactericidal activity remarkably. Addition of CB resulted in increased nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)-dye reduction, while the specific activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) and reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase of CB-treated neutrophils exhibited within the normal range. But the uptake of Glucose-1-14C or -6-14C was markedly inhibited by CB treatment. However, the following substances inhibited NBT-dye reduction in decreasing order: cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP), N6-O2' dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (DBcAMP), prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). These drugs also decreased hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS) enzyme activities. Addition of CB and DBcAMP decreased the intracellular bactericidal activity of neutrophils. But CB had no effect on intracellular levels of cAMP. From the results obtained, it is likely that intracellular bactericidal phenomena of human neutrophils are controlled by cyclic AMP cascades and by the microfilaments system, separately.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗

PubMed1975

Intraleukocytic bactericidal activity in patients receiving corticosteroid and radiation therapy, and in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Bactericidal activities of peripheral white blood cells obtained from patients and from healthy persons were examined in vitro. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Peripheral white blood cells from patients receiving corticosteroid and radiation therapy showed decreased levels of intracellular bactericidal activities against Staphylococcus aureus. The leukocytes from almost all patients examined displayed intense activities of intracellular bacterial killing against Streptococcus pyogenes. 2. Only polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and macrophages obtained from patients in severe stages of diabetes mellitus exhibited decreased levels of intracellular bactericidal activities against S. aureus. 3. The leukocytes from all patients examined exhibited the same levels of intracellular bactericidal effects against S. pyogenes as leukocytes from healthy persons. 4. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was phagocytized by PMNs obtained from healthy persons, demonstrated a remarkable degree of resistance to any intracellular bactericidal effect.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗

PubMed1975

The metabolic and phagocytic activities of leukocytes from patients receiving corticosteroid and radiation therapy, and patients with bacterial infections.

Peripheral blood leukocytes from patients given corticosteroid or radiation therapy, as well as patients with bacterial or viral infections, were studied with regard to the selected enzyme activities of the hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS). Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD) and reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase were assayed spectrophotometrically on mixed leukocyte suspensions in isotonic glycerol. Enzyme activities of G-6PD and NADPH oxidase in patients receiving corticosteroid or radiation therapy were significantly lower than the enzyme activity of 6-PGD. In patients with bacterial infections, activities of the three enzymes increased but in patients with viral infections, only the activities of NADPH oxidase and G-6PD were slightly decreased. Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dyereducing activities of neutrophils from patients receiving corticosteroid or radiation therapy were attenuated which coincides with the reduced activities of HMS enzymes. From these results, it is likely that the reduced activities of intraleukocytic HMS enzymes of patients receiving corticosteroid or radiation therapy are correlated with intracellular bactericidal activities which might result from the attenuated level of hydrogen peroxide production.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

An investigation of leukocyte function and phagocytosis of immune complexes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

By means of the nitroblue tetra-zolium (NBT)-dye test, patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were studied. It was found that patients with rheumatoid factor (RF) in their sera displayed higher levels of NBT-dye reduction than those without RF did. In RF(+) serum, the authors observed a remarkable activation of NBT-dye reduction in phagocytosis of immune complexes and 1gG-coated latex particles. A fluorescent antibody technique and immuno-electron microscopy showed an increased phagocytosis of gamma-globulin in peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from patients with activated levels of NBT-dye reduction. From these results, it is likely that PMNs from patients, particularly from those possessing high values of NBT-dye reduction, displayed the activated levels of phagocytosing autologous globulin.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗

PubMed1974