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Biomedical subjects

I Tamari

Publications and source records attributed to I Tamari.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Prevalence of dental caries among Ethiopian emmigrants.

Studies have documented the prevalence of caries in developing countries. The current study adds to this body of knowledge. Of the total Ethiopian Jewish population who emmigrated to Israel in 1991, a sample of over 800 individuals was randomly selected representing all age groups. DMF-T and DMF-S scores were recorded, as well as percentages of caries free individuals. Results indicated that almost no fillings or crowns had been provided to the study population. The Missing 'M' component was low as was the Decay 'D' component, although this increased with increasing age, ranging from 0.33 D-T at the 0-12 age group to 2.46 at the 51+ age group. In the permanent dentition 88.4 per cent of those 0-12 years of age were caries free and 74.5 per cent were caries free in both the primary and permanent dentition. Almost 59 per cent of the 13-20 years olds were caries free and 32.8 per cent of those 21-50 years old. Only 16.7 per cent were caries free at age 51+ years old. The data indicate a relatively low prevalence of both coronal and root caries, and an effort has to be made to keep these figures low for years to come mainly by diet and dental health education.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Hemodynamic changes during retrograde left-heart catheterization in patients with aortic stenosis.

Pulmonary artery pressures in patients with aortic stenosis have been related to postoperative prognosis and surgical risk. However, while right- and left-heart pressures should be measured simultaneously, a catheter lying across the stenotic aortic valve might alter left- and right-heart pressures. To assess this phenomenon, right- and left-heart pressures were recorded before and after retrograde crossing of the aortic valve in 51 patients (30 patients with and 21 without aortic stenosis). In aortic stenosis, the mean pulmonary artery pressure increased (p less than 0.001) after transaortic valvular pressure catheter placement (average 4 mm Hg, peak 19 mm Hg); in the absence of aortic stenosis, the mean pulmonary artery pressure did not change (average 0 mm Hg; NS). A similar response was noted for the mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Hemodynamic changes did not correlate with the severity of aortic stenosis or with left ventricular performance. Right-heart pressures should be determined without transaortic valvular catheter in place, if accurate interpretation of the hemodynamic effects of aortic stenosis is to be achieved.

Aortic Valve Stenosis↗
PubMed1990

Oral findings in elderly nursing home residents in selected countries. 1.

In order to determine the influence of culture, individual idiosyncrasy, social and economic conditions as well as the importance of past and current dental care on oral health, the oral conditions of 610 patients in seven old age homes were evaluated in four countries: USA, Peru, Argentina and Israel. The patients included in this study were examined by clinicians who had undergone training and calibration sessions. The seven institutions surveyed have a large range of physical facilities, economic levels, and a variety of quantity and quality among medical, dental and ancillary staff. There were marked differences as to philosophy of treatment and scope for the dental care of the residents. A subjective impression by the examiners is that old age home administrators do not regard the dental needs of the residents to be among their higher priorities. Dental care is considered expensive and requires special equipment and exclusive physical space on the institutional premises. Of the 610 residents 419 were women and 191 men, with an average age of 80 years. The mean number of years of schooling was six. Sixty-two percent of the examinees were widowed, 21% were married, 1% single, 2% divorced, and 5% of unknown or undeclared status. The main orodontal characteristic of the population surveyed was partial or full eduentulousness. Of the total population (610 examinees) only three patients possessed a full complement of natural, unrestored teeth. Twelve examinees had 28 unit dentition, partly natural teeth and partly restored with plastic fillings, fixed prostheses, crowns or pontics. Three hundred and one patients (49%) of the examined population were totally edentulous, 249 (41%) wore sets of complete dentures and 52 (8%) did not wear any prosthetic restoration or replacement.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Oral findings in elderly nursing home residents in selected countries. 2. Soft tissue lesions and denture wearing habits.

This paper demonstrated that 38% of the 610 examinees at seven institutions in four countries have soft tissue lesions. Seventy to eighty percent of the detected lesions were of the erythematous type. This incidence was found at institutions with and without attending dentists, in denture and non-denture users, in dependent and independent patients. Tissue lesions in denture wearers were four times as many as in non-denture wearers. The percentage of inflammatory lesions in both denture and non-denture wearers was considerably higher at institutions with no attending dental personnel when compared with those with dental care facilities. Where patients depended on the staff and/or their relatives for their personal hygiene, a sharp increase in pathological findings was seen when compared to independent dwellers. The nursing staff and the relatives know very little about the oral problems of the elderly residents. There was no uniform policy about telling patients when to wear their removable dentures and patients did not always follow instructions when they were given. Many patients sleep with their upper denture while the lower one is removed for the night. Patients sometimes sleep in the dentures and sometimes remove one or both dentures for varying periods of time. The high percentage of soft tissue lesions and erratic denture wearing habits point to neglect and insufficient oral care toward the geriatric population studied.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Left atrial myxoma: diagnosis by digital subtraction intravenous angiography.

Digital subtraction intravenous angiography (DSIVA) represents an important technical advance in angiographic diagnosis. Herein we present three patients with left atrial myxoma assessed by DSIVA. We review the role of DSIVA in evaluation of patients with suspected cardiac tumors and the importance of careful atrial-phase scrutiny in examinations obtained for other purposes (ie, pulmonary angiography and assessment of ventricular function).

Angiography↗
PubMed1986

Diagnostic accuracy of coronary angiography utilizing computer-based digital subtraction methods. Comparison to conventional cineangiography.

To evaluate the efficacy of mask-mode digital subtraction angiography in selective coronary arteriography, we compared computer-based digital subtraction angiograms to standard film-based angiograms in 77 patients. Digital angiography was performed utilizing a 512(2) matrix and a framing rate of 30 frames/second. Radiation parameters were selected after a pilot dose-ranging trial, and were 70-120 KVP, 10-30mA and 0.8 to 5msec pulse width. Single view digital angiograms were compared to single view conventional angiograms in 27 patient; the two angiograms agreed within one grade of severity in 84 percent of the lesions or normal arteries seen. Multiple view digital angiograms were compared to multiple view conventional angiograms in 50 patients. Agreement within one grade of severity was found for 90 percent of lesions or normal arteries. Digital angiography detected 95 percent of collateral vessels seen on conventional angiography. We conclude that computer-based mask-mode digital subtraction angiography can be utilized in selective coronary angiography to obtain results comparable to those using conventional film-based cineangiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Hemodynamic assessment of intravenous bepridil administration in ischemic heart disease.

The hemodynamic effects of intravenous administration of bepridil were evaluated in 17 patients with chronic coronary artery disease who underwent cardiac catheterization. Of the 17 patients, 8 received bepridil, 2 mg/kg of body weight, for 15 minutes followed by 1 mg/kg for 15 minutes (group A), and 9 received 3 mg/kg followed by 1 mg/kg (group B). In group A, the systemic blood pressure (BP) decreased (p less than 0.05) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure increased minimally (p less than 0.05). Heart rate (HR), pulmonary artery pressure, cardiac output (CO), stroke index, pulmonary vascular resistance and systemic vascular resistance (SVR), stroke work index, "contractility" (+dP/dt) and double product (HR X systolic BP) showed no significant change after bepridil infusion. In contrast, in group B, while +dP/dt decreased (p less than 0.01), SVR also showed a strong downward trend and changed significantly more than in group A; in the context of the latter alteration, CO increased significantly. In addition, the double product (less than 0.025) and systemic BP (p less than 0.05) decreased, though other parameters did not vary significantly. Thus, although a modest dose-related negative inotropic effect (decreased +dP/dt) was seen, dose-related direct systemic vasodilatation (decreased SVR) led to improved cardiac performance (increase in cardiac index) at the larger dose.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Exercise left ventriculography utilizing intravenous digital angiography.

Exercise left ventriculography has been shown to be a sensitive and specific tool for the detection of coronary artery disease. At the present time, such studies require radionuclide-base methods. Computer-based techniques recently have been shown to provide high resolution images of the left ventricle when the levophase of an intravenous injection of radiopaque contrast medium is imaged with fluoroscopy. To evaluate the possible efficacy of using "intravenous digital subtraction left ventriculograms" in exercise ventriculography, such ventriculograms were performed at rest and during maximal supine bicycle exercise in 31 patients. Studies that could be analyzed were obtained in 29 patients. In 21 patients with coronary artery disease, ejection fraction was 58% at rest and 45% with exercise (p less than 0.001 vs. rest). In contrast, in seven patients with no coronary artery disease, ejection fraction was 65% at rest and 69% with exercise (difference not significant). In a subgroup of 8 patients with "severe" coronary obstruction, the change in ejection fraction from rest to exercise was -18%, while in the remaining 13 patients with less severe disease, it was -9% (p less than 0.001). All patients with coronary artery disease manifested new or worsening segmental wall abnormality with exercise, compared with two of seven patients without coronary disease (p less than 0.01). Sixteen patients underwent rest and exercise radionuclide cineangiography in addition to digital subtraction angiography. There was a strong correlation between the two techniques for ejection fraction at rest (r = 0.78, p less than 0.001), ejection fraction and with exercise (r = 0.83, p less than 0.001) and change in ejection fraction from rest to exercise (r = 0.88, p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Unusual pericardial calcification in Gaucher's disease.

Gaucher's disease is a hereditary metabolic disorder characterized by the abnormal accumulation of glucocerebrosides in reticuloendothelial cells. A 58-year-old man had Gaucher's disease and suffered from hypersplenism, cirrhosis of the liver, and free-floating calcifications in the pericardial space. The literature of the pericardial involvement in Gaucher's disease is reviewed.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1982

Primary mineralization of dentin in rats after pulp capping with calcium-hydroxide.

It has been previously reported that short term application of calcium-hydroxide to the dental pulp resulted in the formation of a dentin bridge with matrix vesicle calcification. The present study deals with the induction of reparative dentin in rat molar pulps by direct capping with calcium-hydroxide. The teeth were examined after 21 and 35 days. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the calcification process in the newly formed dentin was characterized by apatite deposition in matrix vesicles and the occurrence of calcifying nodules in the matrix. The persistence of these features of primary mineralization, during the experimental period, was associated with the continuous calcium hydroxide contact with pulp tissue, producing changes in its metabolic state.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Intravenous isosorbide dinitrate in patients with refractory pump failure and acute myocardial infarction.

We studied the hemodynamic effects of isosorbide dinitrate administered by continuous i.v. infusion to 22 patients with chronic refractory pump failure and 18 with pump failure due to acute myocardial infarction. In patients with severe pump failure, i.v. ISDN markedly decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (p less than 0.001), moderately increased cardiac output (p less than 0.01), and decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR) (p less than 0.001). There were no deleterious effects on arterial pressure and heart rate. The effects obtained in acute and chronic left ventricular failure were similar. Patients with initial SVR levels lower than 1500 dyn-sec-cm-5 did not significantly increase their cardiac output (p less than 0.005). Cardiac output increased more than 25% only in patients with initial high SVR levels (greater than 2000 dyn-sec-cm(-)5). Positive correlations were found between high SVR and elevated plasma catecholamines (r = 0.53, p less than 0.05) and between the initial SVR and initial heart rate (r = 0.70, p less than 0.01). The i.v. administration of isosorbide dinitrate appears to be an efficient therapy, particularly in selected patients with ischemic pump failure.

Catecholamines↗
PubMed1981

Transmission electron microscopy of reparative dentin in rat molar pulps. Primary mineralization via extracellular matrix vesicles.

A reparative dentin bridge was induced in rat molar teeth by pulp exposure and capping with calcium hydroxide. Transmission electron-microscopic examination after 10 days revealed the presence of odontoblastic cells and collagenous matrix with focal calcifications. The calcifying fronts were composed of hydroxyapatite crystals. Numerous extracellular matrix vesicles were scattered between the forming cells and the calcifying fronts. Some of the vesicles contained electron-dense material and in others, apatite crystals were detected. Matrix vesicles could not be identified in normal, mature calcifying dentin matrix. In view of the present observations and studies on surgical manipulations in articular cartilage, it is concluded that matrix vesicle calcification may result from alterations in the metabolic state of mesenchymal tissues. These changes can be induced surgically or chemically.

Animals↗