Biomedical subjects

I Udell

Publications and source records attributed to I Udell.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Ocular allergies.

Ocular allergic disease affects not only the conjunctivae but also surrounding structures including the eyelids. Allergic diseases of the eyelid include atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and urticaria/angioedema. They must be differentiated from nonallergic eyelid diseases. Allergic diseases of the conjunctivae comprise a spectrum of disorders from common, non-sight-threatening conditions such as seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, perennial allergic conjunctivitis, and giant papillary conjunctivitis to less common and potentially sight-threatening diseases such as vernal keratoconjunctivitis and atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Each of these conditions is mediated primarily by type I hypersensitivity reactions. The clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, and treatment of these conditions are reviewed in this article.

Angioedema↗

PubMed1997

Treatment of experimental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis endophthalmitis with intravitreal vancomycin and intravitreal dexamethasone.

The use of intravitreal steroids to treat bacterial endophthalmitis remains controversial. The efficacy of intravitreal vancomycin alone (group 1), intravitreal dexamethasone alone (group 2), and a combination of intravitreal vancomycin and dexamethasone (group 3) in the treatment of experimental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis endophthalmitis was evaluated in a rabbit model: 24 h after bacterial inoculation of all eyes, right eyes were treated and left eyes served as infected controls. Vitreal aspirations and grading of vitreal inflammatory reaction were done regularly until sacrifice. Group 2 eyes demonstrated more inflammation histologically than control eyes. Vitreal aspirations demonstrated no growth by 5 days from groups 1 and 3 eyes. Although the clinical appearance was not significantly different between groups 1 and 3, the histologic appearance of group 3 eyes showed less intense intraocular inflammation. Treatment with dexamethasone in the absence of appropriate antibiotics was more harmful than no treatment at all (P < .05). Therapy with both intravitreal vancomycin and dexamethasone results in less inflammation than intravitreal vancomycin alone in this model.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. A case report of monozygotic twins discordant for the disease.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the major histocompatibility complex markers and the autoantibody associated with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) in a proband, her unaffected cotwin, and the children of the cotwin. Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the conjunctiva and other squamous epithelium. It is associated with the major histocompatibility complex class II alleles that are presumed to provide enhanced susceptibility to the disease. We encountered a pair of monozygotic female twins, one of whom has OCP. In addition to totally identical physical appearances since birth, the two sisters have identical blood groups. METHODS: The following studies were performed on the patient, her unaffected cotwin sister, and her children: (1) polymorphism of major histocompatibility complex class II genes by DNA typing, (2) sequence analysis of DQ beta gene second and third exons, and (3) serologic evaluation for the presence of anti-basement membrane zone autoantibodies specific for OCP by Western immunoblot with the use of skin and conjunctiva lysates as substrates. RESULT: Both monozygotic twins had the same HLA haplotypes. The sequence analysis of the second and third exons of DQ beta genes revealed no significant differences between the proband and her unaffected cotwin. Autoantibodies specific to OCP were detected only in the patient's serum. The serum of the unaffected cotwin and the other relatives did not demonstrate the presence of the OCP autoantibody. CONCLUSION: This isolated family study does not support a single-gene theory for the development of OCP. It is most likely due to a multigene effect and associated with environmental factors.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Histopathologic evaluation of stromal inflammation in Acanthamoeba keratitis.

Ten corneal specimens obtained at the time of penetrating keratoplasty for long-standing refractory Acanthamoeba keratitis were reviewed. Histopathologic findings included epithelial denudation and variable degrees of necrosis, inflammation, and cysts or trophozoites of acanthamoeba in the stroma. No blood vessels were found in the stroma despite the presence of long-standing corneal inflammation. The absence of corneal stromal neovascularization on biomicroscopic and histopathologic examination is a sign of Acanthamoeba keratitis.

Acanthamoeba Keratitis↗

PubMed1988

Topical retinoid therapy for squamous metaplasia of various ocular surface disorders. A multicenter, placebo-controlled double-masked study.

In a prospective, double-masked clinical study, the authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of topically applied tretinoin ophthalmic ointment (0.01%) versus placebo in the treatment of squamous metaplasia associated with various ocular surface disorders involving dry eyes. Study parameters consisted of graded symptoms and signs, and serial impression cytologies. A total of 161 patients were enrolled in the study. Of these patients, 116 who had a minimum of 4 to 8 months of follow-up qualified for final statistical analysis. These patients were classified into two major groups: (1) keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and (2) conjunctival cicatricial diseases (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, inactive pemphigoid, radiation-induced dry eye, drug-induced pseudopemphigoid, and toxic epidermal necrolysis). An analysis of adjusted mean changes for KCS patients showed no statistically significant differences between active drug and placebo. A similar analysis of patients with conjunctival cicatricial diseases indicated a statistically significant (P less than 0.05) reversal of conjunctival keratinization in the temporal bulbar site after treatment with active drug, however, clinical symptoms and signs showed no significant improvement with active drug relative to placebo. Side effects were limited to blepharoconjunctivitis and were reversible upon tapering or stopping the drug.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1981

Acyclovir and vidarabine in the treatment of ulcerative herpes simplex keratitis.

In a masked controlled study, we treated 41 patients who had active herpes simplex corneal ulcers with either 3% acyclovir of 3% vidarabine ointment five times daily for 14 days. There was no statistically significant difference between the two drugs with reference to mean healing time, efficacy of healing, development of stromal keratitis or iritis, post-treatment visual acuity, or adverse reaction.

Acyclovir↗