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Biomedical subjects

I Ulrich

Publications and source records attributed to I Ulrich.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Effect of temperament, effect of alcohol expectancies and peer group on amount of drinking and alcohol-related problems in adolescence].

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this longitudinal study was to investigate the relationship between temperament (novelty seeking, harm avoidance and reward dependence), alcohol expectancies, membership in a deviant/substance-using peergroup and drinking behaviour of adolescents drawn from a general population. METHODS: 147 adolescents about 15 years of age were interviewed and completed several self-rating questionnaires. We gathered additional information by interviewing their parents. One year after the initial assessment the adolescents only were interviewed and given questionnaires again. RESULTS: Adolescents with alcohol problems at the time of the second interview reported less harm avoidance, less reward dependence, and were more likely to be a member of a deviant/substance-using peergroup a year before, compared to offspring without alcohol problems. Furthermore, they held more positive alcohol expectancies than adolescents without alcohol problems. Taking into account the quantity of alcohol consumed per occasion, all results were confirmed, but temperament did not predict the extend of alcohol consumed after one year. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol expectancies and peer group deviance/substance-use are strongly associated to alcohol problems and the amount of alcohol consumed. Therefore, they should be the focus of prevention and intervention in this age group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[CT of Achilles tendons].

Until recently, direct imaging of the Achilles tendon has been proved difficult. CT scanning was performed in three patients with Achilles tendon pain. The authors find that CT scanning is of diagnostic value but further experience is required.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1989

[Results and complications of balloon dilatation of renal artery stenosis in patients with renovascular hypertension].

During the years 1981 to 1987, 32 patients with renovascular hypertension due to renal artery stenosis were submitted to percutaneous transluminal renal angioplastic (PTRA) in four hospitals in Copenhagen. Nineteen of the interventions were technically successful and six of these patients (32%) no longer required medicine, eight (42%) were able to manage on reduced medication while the circumstances where five were concerned (26%) remained unchanged. Serious complications occurred in 16% and the mortality was 6%. The results of this treatment correspond to those reported elsewhere but the frequency of complications is high. It is concluded that the procedure should be centralized, possibly as a national function.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Eye movements in cocaine abusers.

Using electro-oculography, we quantitatively investigated eye movements in nine heavy cocaine abusers and three groups of controls. Plasma levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), a major metabolite of brain norepinephrine, in cocaine abusers were reduced to an average of 53% of normal. Cocaine abusers had normal smooth pursuit, optokinetic nystagmus, vestibulo-ocular reflex, visual suppression of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, and caloric nystagmus. Data were suggestive of a significant reduction in the degree of immediate enhancement of visual-vestibulo-ocular reflex gain by magnified vision in the cocaine abusers. However, adaptive plasticity of the vestibulo-ocular reflex was normal in the cocaine abusers. These results suggest that, despite animal data linking vestibulo-ocular reflex plasticity to central norepinephrine, this neurotransmitter may not be important to plasticity in human beings.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Predictors of functional success in telescopic spectacle use by low vision patients.

Telescopic spectacles can theoretically improve function of low vision patients by enlarging retinal images. However, unintended head movement may produce sufficient instability of enlarged retinal images to negate the visual benefit. We investigated this phenomenon as a cause of failure in 38 low vision patients who had previously attempted use of telescopic spectacles. Patients underwent evaluation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, visual-vestibulo-ocular reflex, head stability in the pitch and yaw axes, and sensitivity of magnified visual acuity to head motion. Although it was impossible to distinguish successful from unsuccessful telescopic spectacle users by means of clinical or historical data, multiple logistic regression analysis was used to derive a useful predictive function based on measurements of sensitivity of magnified vision to head motion, and head instability in the pitch axis. Predictive performance was found to be superior to conventional clinical judgement. These findings support the hypothesis that retinal image stability is important to functional vision, and suggest that head-stabilizing strategies may improve function with telescopic spectacles in certain low vision patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Minimal brain dysfunction and social class (author's transl)].

The dependence of early occuring minimal brain dysfunction on the standard of living was tested. 1355 6-15 year old patients with psychosomatic and psychiatric disorders were examined and divided into the 3 groups: "no brain dysfunction", "suspected brain dysfunction" and "brain dysfunction" (diagnosed medically). A highly significant correlation between brain dysfunction and a low socio-economic status--evaluated in terms of living conditions and the fathers occupation--was found. A similar dependence of both, early mortality and morbidity on the living standard of different groups of the population is described in the literature.

Adolescent↗