Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to I V Boĭko.
The authors stress increasing role of doctor in municipal medical institutions, with occupational medical service limited nowadays. The article contains typical medical defects in diagnosing occupational diseases and in their medical management. Suggestions cover measures to better those medical activities.
The authors studied rehabilitation of patients with occupational diseases. Rehabilitation of such patients via treatment courses with additional sick payment appeared ineffective. Most cases of occupational diseases are persistent. Even without disability group assigned, the patients remain with reduced occupational abilities for a long time.
New information on microscopic and ultrastructural architectonics of human dental enamel and its relation to dentin is presented. Enamel consolidation with dentin is mediated by borderline layer of calcificated substance having fibrous structure.
The article deals with materials devoted to 80th anniversary of scientific activities of Occupational Medicine Department with St Petersburg Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education. Theoretic, scientifical and practical data on achievements on various stages of longstanding history are presented. The authors prove the research carried by the Department to be important and promising for occupational hygiene and industrial medicine.
The authors present materials on real prevalence of occupational diseases, calculate the diseases' share per economically active population, demonstrate thorough analysis of occupational morbidity in major industrial city, prove positive role of Occupational Pathology Center.
The authors tested a method determining increase in occupational diseases risk according to length of service under occupational hazards. Nonparametric approach proved to be the most informative. According to the findings, to decrease occupational morbidity significantly, the length of service under local vibration and physical overload should be reduced to 5-8 years and that under intensive noise and industrial aerosols--to 9-10 years.
A total of 105 occupational morbidity cases in health service workers were analyzed among 2914 occupational morbidity cases in St. Petersburg. Most of those cases among health service workers were drug allergies, tuberculosis was relatively rare. The study revealed low efficiency of periodic medical examinations conducted for early diagnosis of occupational diseases. Alarming evidence is rare diagnosis such occupational diseases as hands overstrain, strained working posture, disorders due to physical factors, viral B hepatitis.
Disorders caused by physical overstrain and physical factors prevail in occupational morbidity structure in St. Petersburg, covering the shares of 49% and 24% respectively. Pulmonary diseases caused by dust are rare (7%). Strong evidence is that these data fail to depict actual prevalence of disease caused by dust in the city. Some acute and chronic occupational diseases (electric ophthalmia, rhinitis, laryngitis, conjunctivitis) are put into official registers rarely. The highest number of occupational diseases caused by physical overstrain are seen at various machinery enterprises, in building industry and construction materials production.
The authors suggest using 10,000 economically active inhabitants instead of 10,000 working inhabitants for calculation of occupational morbidity parameters, as the first term is wider than the second one excessively used now. The parameter suggested is more objective, provides a universal approach to evaluation of occupational morbidity level and, therefore, enables to compare the parameters for various states.
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The study proved that the manual placing and stacking of bricks result in high prevalence of occupational locomotor and peripheral nervous diseases among the workers. The occupational pathology is complicated and multiple. The physical strain leads to higher risk of development and exacerbation of locomotor and peripheral nervous diseases.
This study revealed a great number of patients facing occupational diseases in building materials production and suggested the random method to calculate their prevalence.
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The authors have studied the results of treatment of 52 patients with inveterate damages of the elbow joint and different function disturbances as well as looked for the best variants of the operative treatment of contractures and ankylosis. They have analysed the results of treatment of 39 patients with inveterate and incorrectly consolidated elbow joint fractures and dislocation fractures in the period of 6 months--4 years after the operation. Excellent results were noted in 9 patients, good in 13, satisfactory in 10 and unsatisfactory in 7 of them. Arthrolysis of the elbow joint in case of its inveterate damages is the method of choice. Arthroplasty is indicated in cast of fibro-osseous ankylosis, incorrectly consolidated fractures with the joint injury congruence disturbance, rheumatoid polyarthritis. The problem of control of cicatricial and commissural processes and development of heterotypic ossification is a very urgent one and requires special studying and working out of the control methods of these processes.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.