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Biomedical subjects

I V Lunichkina

Publications and source records attributed to I V Lunichkina.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Expectoration disturbances and bronchial obstruction.

UNLABELLED: Two methods for the efficacy evaluation of the respiratory tract clearance by cough, measuring the time of expectoration (Texp) of sputum mixed with hem-containing indicators after their inhalation were used in patients with bronchial obstruction. In the first method, the patients studied inhaled their own hemoglobin (Hb) and in the second one they inhaled a finely pulverized powder of hem-containing substances which were obtained from donor erythrocyte mass. 195 subjects were examined: 44 with intrinsic bronchial asthma (BA), 71 with obstructive bronchitis (OB) and 22 with purulent obstructive bronchitis (POB). Patients expectorating not less than 30 ml/day of sputum were selected. The control group consisted of 18 patients with non-obstructive bronchitis (NOB) and 40 healthy volunteers, nonsmokers. The sputum for analysis after the inhalation of the indicator in healthy persons was collected during coughing stimulated by inhaling a hypertonic solution (15% NaCl+1% NaHCO3). It was found that Texp depends on the form of illness (means +/- SEM): (1) with Hb technique, BA: 41.5 +/- 3.4 h; OB: 59.3 +/- 5.7 h and POB: 128.8 +/- 15.3 h and (2) with the powdered indicator technique, BA: 53.4 +/- 7.6 h; OB: 68.8 +/- 6.6 h and POB: 101.1 +/- 11.8 h. CONTROL GROUP: in patients with NOB, Texp measured with the Hb technique was 31.4 +/- 4.3 h and with the powdered indicator 30.0 +/- 10.3 h. In healthy volunteers, the presence of hem-containing substances in sputum after 36 h was not found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[New aspects of using adrenomimetics in the diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma].

It is suggested to use alpha-stimulating effect of naphthyzine and halazoline for pharmacological spirometric testing in evaluating the inflammatory-edematous component of bronchial obstruction. These anti-edema agents combined with standard bronchospasmolytics (beta 2-agonists and cholinolytics) proved effective in arresting episodes of asphyxia. Optimal doses of naphthyzine and halazoline, related side effects have been clarified in case of their addition to selective beta 2-agonists, cholinolytics and combinations thereof. In contrast to nonselective adrenomimetic drugs adrenaline and ephedrine, naphthyzine, halazoline or similar medicines do not produce cardiostimulation this justifying their use in combination with selective bronchospasmolytic berotec, salbutamol , berodual and atrovent.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

[Pathogenetic variants of the obstructive syndrome in patients with bronchial asthma].

The study is made of the causes underlying a variety of obstruction syndrome presentation in bronchial asthma sufferers. Heterogenic pathogenesis of the disease is related to predominance of one of the three obstruction components: bronchospasm, inflammatory edema of the mucosa and sputum obturation of the airways as a result of defective expectoration. To quantify the components objectively, a special program of the patients' examination has been devised involving: 1) analysis of clinical symptoms, 2) pharmacological testing with selective and nonselective sympathomimetic agents and cholinolytics, 3) registration of the duration of the bronchial sputum evacuation (time of expectoration). Basing on relevant results, three variants of the obstruction are distinguished: bronchospastic, inflammatory-edematous++, obturation. The severity of bronchial obstruction progresses from the first to the third variant. Moreover, the efficacy of bronchospasmolytic drugs diminishes as shown by pharmacological tests: first of selective beta 2-agonists and cholinolytics followed by non-selective sympathomimetic agents which may be attributed to their additional alpha-stimulating action. In view of this the question of clinical significance of alpha-stimulated bronchial constriction is discussed with reference to original and literature data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Expectoration disorders in patients with chronic obstructive lung diseases].

The paper is concerned with an analysis of the original data and the conception regarding the pathogenesis of expectoration alterations and correction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). Expectoration defects in COPD are suggested to be classified according to duration of respiratory tract clearing from sputum. The disorders of the first and second degree amenable to correction by oral and inhalation expectorants are referred to compensation stage, those of the third degree resistant to the correction to decompensation stage. Efficiency of current expectorants is comparatively assessed as well as mechanisms of their actions. An approach to expectorants administration should be differential basing on the severity of relevant impairment and aimed at adequate maintenance or recovery of the sputum discharge in COPD patients.

Ciliary Motility Disorders↗
PubMed1989

[Effectiveness of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic methods of restoring bronchial patency].

Assessment is given of the effect of the medicamentous (administration of oral and inhalation of expectorant agents) and non-medicamentous (sauna) methods of treatment of disorders of mucociliary transport. The effect of the treatment was judged by its influence on the time of expectoration with sputum of blood containing agents after their inhalation. The most effective method for the restoration of bronchial drainage proved to be the use of expectorants administered by inhalation and less effective sauna. Therapeutic methods should be chosen with consideration of the degree of mucociliary insufficiency.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of mucociliary insufficiency].

The data on the diagnosis of mucociliary insufficiency (MCI) are reviewed for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. MCI is characterized as the condition of more rapid accumulation of bronchial secretion in comparison to its evacuation, the residual secretion being the cause of the onset of the obturation syndrome. It is suggested that MCI detection be determined by expectoration time--the time of bronchial secretion evacuation following inhalation of the indicator substance. Two methods of mucociliary transport assessment are compared: the modified one and that by autologous hemoglobin. The compatibility of the results is thought evidence of a valid assessment of mucociliary transport by expectoration time.

Hemoglobins↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of mukodin on indices of mucociliary transport].

The authors report some data on the assessment of efficacy of mucodin, a modern expectorant. Its effect on the rate of mucociliary transport, rheological properties of sputum was studied in patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma. Administration of mucodin improves bronchial clearance promoting normalization of bronchial permeability; a positive time course of viscid-elastic indices of the sputum is noted in comparison with the control group. The drugs make no effect on the adhesive properties of sputum. Probable mechanisms of expectorant action of mucodin are discussed.

Adhesiveness↗