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Biomedical subjects

I V Maliukova

Publications and source records attributed to I V Maliukova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Mediated participation of the opioid system in regulation of pain sensitivity by peptide fragments MP1 and MP2].

The naloxone-dependent modulating effect of synthetic analogs of myelopeptides, MP1 and MP2, on pain sensitivity in mice was determined at doses 10(-13) and 10(-8) g/animal. Binding of the peptides to opioid receptors of mouse brain membranes was studied by the radioligand assay. For MP1, the displacement of [3H]DAGO (selective mu-agonist) by IC50 = 7.3 x 10(-5) M and [3H]DSLET (selective delta-agonist) with IC50 = 7.0 x 10(-5) M. The data obtained suggest that the hypoalgesic effect of the peptides cannot be due to their direct interaction with opioid receptors. However, the naloxone dependence provides a possibility of mediated involvement of the opioidergic system in the realization of this effect.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1980

Structural and functional characteristics of hedgehog polysensory cortical zone.

The study of the neuronal organization of the hedgehog associative cortical zone revealed that besides primitive characteristics this area possesses a number of progressive features. An electrophysiological approach revealed a great number of polysensory neurons. The method, based on the HRP retrograde axonal transport, enabled us to discover the connections between primitive associative LP and MD thalamic nuclei and the associative cortex. Motor conditioned reflexes connected with visual discrimination as well as reflexes to signals of different modalities were elaborated quite easily. Conditioning to a simultaneous visual-auditory complex was found impossible in hedgehogs. Bilateral ablation of associative area results in disruption of the fine components of sensorimotor integration. It is likely that a primitively organized associative system in hedgehogs participates in the formation of sensorimotor synthesis, but fails to realize complex acts of intersensory integration.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[Interrelationship between immunologic and neurologic memory: learning ability of rats during immunostimulation].

Studies have been made on the effect of an immunostimulator - the complete Freund's adjuvant - upon the learning ability in Wistar rats for visual discrimination using food-obtaining and avoidance of the electric shock techniques. Injection of the adjuvant significantly increases learning ability provided negative reinforcement technique is used, but inhibits the former under the conditions of positive reinforcement. Analysis of the extinction of the conditioned reflexes yielded similar results. Possible relation of immunogenesis to the formation of memory is discussed.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[The characteristics of the intragroup behavior of rhesus macaques and hamadryas baboons during the realization of food motivation in a competitive situation].

The aim of the present work is to consider the specific interrelations in "family" units of macaques (Macaca mulatta) and baboons (Papio hamadryas) during food-getting reactions in competitive conditions. Detailed analysis of dyadic interactions revealed that competing partners demonstrate more various types of behaviour tactics at the initial stage of learning. At the final one, only males of both investigated species performed instrumental reactions and received the food reward. All females demonstrated much more vocal reactions in comparison with males. Thus the variety of competing interactions between heterosexual partners, learning and possibility to realize its motivation correspond ro novelty of experimental situation and degree of intraspecies social subordination.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[The comparative psychology of primates].

The comparative study of cognitive activity of primates was carried out during individual and group training. In macaques, capuchins, and chimpanzees was studied the function of abstraction during the recognition of complex visual images and the transition from 2-dimensional plane images to 3-dimensional volume objects. Common features and distinctions were revealed for intellectual characteristics of different species of primates. The formation of intragroup competitive behaviour was observed in marmosets, macaques, and baboons in the process of training.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[A comparative physiological study of the generalization function in primates].

Fundamental rules of the generalization function formation and development were formulated on the basis of comparative analysis of visual discrimination, summarizing and abstraction in the representatives of various primate subfamilies. It was established that monkeys and apes (Macaca mulatta, Cebus apella, Pan troglodytes) learning to define such abstract characteristic as relative size of visual pictures of natural and geometrical objects were able to use previously remembered rules elaborated under the solving of other visual tasks. Learning processes were realized more affectively, if the pictures of natural objects were represented to the monkeys. The comparison of generalization processes in monkeys and apes revealed multilevel organisation of the processes in apes. The latter showed high level of ability to operate with abstract ideas elaborated previously in the course of the experiments.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[The behavior of tamarin monkeys during the learning and realization of instrumental food habits in a competitive situation].

Special features of competitive behavioural organization have been revealed during formation and realization of simple feeding and instrumental reflexes elaborated simultaneously in family pairs of marmoset monkeys. In contrast to other anthropoid species, male and female marmosets performed feeding reactions of different levels of complexity with equal efficiency. The differences between male and female marmosets concern the structure of competitive behaviour: males showed more active forms of competition under equal number of the given reinforcement, whereas passive forms of behaviour were more typical in females. The latter produced intensive vocalization in comparison with males. Stabilization of competitive activity was accompanied by the decrease of active forms of competition and by standardization of individual behaviour. The increase in the number of behavioural strategies was observed in family groups under sophisticated experimental conditions.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[Patterns in the ontogenetic development of certain forms of higher nervous activity in rhesus macaques].

Studies have been made on ontogenetic development of simple and complex behavioural forms, realization of certain sequence of motor feeding conditioned reflexes, visual differentiation of signals, short-term memory and probability prediction in rhesus monkeys. Evolutionary features of ontogenetic development of some of the forms of the higher nervous activity were revealed. Both similarities and differences were noted in animals from three age groups. In ontogenesis of lower monkeys, the development of the main nervous processes of the higher nervous activity (learning, memory, etc.) takes place gradually depending on the age of a baby and the level of integrative activity of the brain.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[Complex forms of behavior in a series of vertebrates].

Within evolutionary line of vertebrates, correlation between the degree of differentiation of the brain and peculiarities of the formation of complex behavioural acts may be observed. Gradual evolution in the organization of complex motor food-searching conditioned reflexes and the capacity to visual discrimination was revealed in phylogenetic line of vertebrates: elasmobranchs (rays and sharks), marine teleosts, reptiles (terrestrial tortoises), insectivores (hedgehogs), rodents (rats) and primates (lower monkeys).

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PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of the conditioned motor reactions of unrestrained elasmobranches and teleosts].

In elasmobranch (Scyllium canicula, Galleus canis) and teleost (Migull capitocum) fishes it is possible to form motor food-searching conditioned reflexes to discrimination of light and darkness. Some differences were revealed in ecological and conditioned motor behavioural activities in higher and lower sharks. Elasmobranch and teleost fishes exhibit significant differences in ecological, feeding and conditioned reflex behaviour. Nervous activity in elasmobranchs is characterized by lower and primitive organization as compared to that in teleosts.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[Structural-functional organizational bases of complex forms of behavior in vertebrates].

Studies on various vertebrates revealed certain regularities in the development of some functions of the forebrain (neocortex, neostriatum, cortical associative fields). Evolution of functions of the forebrain and the extent of its participation in organization of complex behavioural forms coincides with certain stages in the development of the integrative activity of the brain in evolutionary row of vertebrates.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of social factors on the process of learning complex forms of behavior in adolescent chimpanzees].

Learning behaviour in chimpanzee has been investigated on a group of three animals at the age of 5-6 years. Situation conditioned reflex was elaborated in unrestrained monkeys which were trained to visual discrimination between abstract images of various complexity. Changes in experimental situation significantly affected learning process. It was shown that social contacts with experimenter are important for the effective learning in juvenile chimpanzee.

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