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Biomedical subjects

I V Nesterova

Publications and source records attributed to I V Nesterova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Increased level of beta-amyloid in the brain of bulbectomized mice.

Six weeks after bilateral olfactory bulbectomy, a peptide with molecular weight of 4 kD was revealed in extracts of the neocortex and hippocampus from mice. Using monoclonal antibodies 4G8, this peptide was identified as beta-amyloid. Its level was significantly higher in the bulbectomized animals than in sham-operated mice. The bulbectomized mice displayed sharp impairment in spatial memory when tested in the Morris water maze. The results suggest that bulbectomy initiates in the brain a pathological process similar to human Alzheimer's disease in location, biochemistry, and behavioral manifestations.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed2003

Lesioning of spatial memory in mice treated with agroclavin.

This report presents results obtained from studies of the mnemotropic activity of the ergot alkaloid agroclavin. The effects of this substance were studied at concentrations of 1, 10, 25, 50, and 200 microg/kg on the learning and retention of a spatial habit in a Morris water maze. These doses of agroclavin had no effect on the process of formation of the spatial habit, but sharply disturbed retention of the habit. A long-lasting effect of memory trace disturbance was seen over a period of 48 h after dosage. On retraining, animals showed no delayed effects with agroclavin on learning a new spatial habit. The possible mechanisms for the effect of agroclavin on memory are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Effect of treatment with trimethazidine on characteristics of arrhythmia and indicators of heart rhythm in patients with chronic cardiac failure].

AIM: To study the effects of trimethasidine on the specific features of arrhythmias, on the parameters of cardiac rhythm variability (CRV) and ischemic changes in the ST segment in patients with functional classes II-III chronic heart failure (CHF). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty male patients with less than 45% left ventricular ejection fraction were examined. After stabilizing their status and working through basic therapy for a week, the patients were randomly divided in two subgroups equally and followed up in the outpatient setting for 6 months. During two 3-month periods, they alternately received either the standard basic therapy or the standard therapy in combination with trimethasidine in a dose of 20 mg thrice a day. Holter monitoring was performed before and 3 and 6 month after the therapy. RESULTS: In patients with CHF on trimethasidine, there was a significant reduction in the number of paroxysms of ventricular tachycardia and high-grade ventricular extrasystoles, and a significant improvement of cardiac rhythm variability. Concurrently, a significant decrease in the frequency of episodes of ST-segment depression was recorded at ECG. CONCLUSION: Trimethasidine treatment in CHF patients induced a reduction in the incidence of cardiac rhythm disturbances, which may be associated with its antiischemic effect on the myocardium and, possibly, with the positive effect of cytoprotective therapy on autonomic tone.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents↗
PubMed2003

[Morpho-functional changes of neurons in temporal cortex in comparison with spatial memory in bulbectomized mice after treatment with minerals and ascorbates].

The effect of antioxidant mixture of mineralascorbates (MA) on the status of neurons of brain temporal cortex and behavior of mice after olfactory bulbectomy (BE) was studied, as it was previously shown by us that these animals were characterized by a deficit of spatial memory and development of neurodegenerative process in brain structures, which are affected by Alzheimer disease. Disorganization of cytoarchitectonics of temporal cortex with the deletion of its layers as a result of dystrophy of pyramidal neurons and foci of their complete disappearance were shown 1 month after BE. The increased number of neurons with the phenomena of karyopyknosis, karyolysis and vacuolysis was observed with a concomitant reduction in neuronal density. Addition of MA to the diet for three weeks prevented the development of deterioration of spatial memory in mice after BE and protected the neurons of brain temporal cortex from the degenerative changes. The results obtained suggest the possibility of realization of prophylaxis aimed at the prevention of the development of Alzheimer-type neurodestructive processes.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Mechanisms of amnestic effect of ergot alkaloid agroclavin.

Neurochemical mechanisms of the effect of agroclavin on spatial memory in the Morris water maze in mice were studied by analyzing the effect of neurotransmitter receptor ligands on the amnestic effect of this alkaloid. D1-receptor agonist SKF-38393 and calcium channel blockers verapamil and nimodipine abolished the negative effect of agroclavin on spatial memory. The role of intracellular calcium in the mechanisms of amnestic effect of agroclavin is discussed.

2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-ben↗
PubMed2002

[Trimetazidine in correction of chronic heart failure in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Twenty patients with NYHA class II-IV heart failure and ejection fraction below 40% received standard therapy (control period) or standard therapy plus open trimetazidine (20 mg t.i.d.) for 3 months in a cross-over design. Therapy with trimetazidine was associated with attenuation of clinical signs of heart failure (average NYHA class 2.90-/+0.10, 2.27-/+0.20 and 2.88-/+0.13, p<0.05, at baseline, after trimetazidine and control period, respectively), improvement of results of 6-minute walk test (average distance 321-/+19, 375-/+20 m, p<0.02, and 303-/+17 m at baseline, after trimetazidine and control period, respectively), increase of left ventricular ejection fraction (from 34.1-/+2.0 to 38.1-/+1.8%, p<0.05) and improvement of quality of life. Thus in patients with heart failure addition of trimetazidine to standard therapy for 3 months produced positive effect on clinical and hemodynamic status, exercise tolerance and quality of life.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2001

The state of cholinergic structures in forebrain of bulbectomized mice.

The effects of bulbectomy on the state of basal forebrain cholinergic structures and spatial memory in Morris water maze were studied. Immunostaining with polyclonal antibodies to choline acetyltransferase AB144P revealed decreased density of immunoreactive cells in the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca (55% of control), basal magnocellular preoptic nucleus (58.9%), and the caudate nucleus-putamen complex (68.2%). No significant changes in the vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca and globus pallidus were observed. These findings and published data allow us to assume that pathology of the olfactory bulb can underlie memory impairment during Alzheimer's disease associated with dysfunction of acetylcholine-synthesizing structures in the forebrain.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Neoton and thrombolytic therapy of myocardial infarction].

AIM: To evaluate neoton therapy effects in acute myocardial infarction (MI) on systolic function of the left ventricle, arrhythmia and clinical symptoms in patients on thrombolytic therapy (TLT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 106 males with Q-MI entered the study. 47 received treatment without TLT and neoton, 30 patients received TLT with streptokinase preparations, 29 patients were given streptokinase preparations and neoton. Left ventricular systolic function was measured by echocardiography on day 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28; arrhythmia was analysed at Holter monitoring in day 1 and 2 of MI. RESULTS: TLT failed to arrest progression of left ventricular dilation by the end of the hospital stay. Patients given neoton in acute period of MI had no increase in the end systolic and diastolic volumes of the left ventricle in the course of the first months after MI onset. Antiarrhythmic action of neoton manifested on MI day 2. CONCLUSION: Neoton given to MI patients receiving TLT prevents progression of left ventricular systolic dysfunction and establishment of predictors of unfavourable outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Bulbectomy-induced loss of raphe neurons is counteracted by antidepressant treatment.

1. Bilateral olfactory bulb ablation was performed in C57B1/6j mice (C57). Separate groups of bulbectomized mice were treated with either antidepressants (trazodone, 20 mg/kg i.p., or amitriptyline, 20 mg/kg i.p.) or saline daily for 14 consecutive days starting 14 days after surgery. 2. Celloidine-imbedded 10 microns-thick brain sections containing the nucleus raphe dorsalis (NRD) or locus coeruleus (LC) were stained for Nissl, and the number of functional and pyknotic cells was counted out of 500 total cell count for each animal in every experimental group: sham-operated, bulbectomized treated with saline or one of the two antidepressants. 3. Bulbectomy produced a significant 4 times increase in the proportion of pyknotic cells in NRD as compared to sham-operated control. Both antidepressants reversed the effect bringing the number of pyknotic cells to control level. The proportion of pyknotic cells in LC was also slightly increased (61%) in the bulbectomized mice, but only amitriptyline was able to reverse the effect. 4. Widespread degeneration of the neurons in NRD caused by bulbectomy may be involved in the serotonergic component of the bulbectomy syndrome. The ability of antidepressants to diminish bulbectomy-induced loss of NRD neurons may underlie their restorative effect on the behavior and neurochemical characteristics of bulbectomized animals.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1994

Antidepressants suppress bulbectomy-induced augmentation of voluntary alcohol consumption in C57B1/6j but not in DBA/2j mice.

Bulbectomy has been previously shown to produce the specific antidepressant-sensitive syndrome in C57Bl/6j, but not DBA/2j mice. The present study examined the effect of the depression on voluntary alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption and alcohol preference (% of alcohol solution in total liquid) in a free-choice, two-bottle situation was measured in C57BL/6j and DBA/2j mice after sham-operation, anosmia with 10% ZnSO4, or bulbectomy. Both anosmic and bulbectomized mice of both strains consumed more alcohol and showed stronger preference for alcohol than sham-operated mice. In DBA/2j mice both operations altered alcohol consumption of the whole population, and the effect of bulbectomy was stronger. In C57Bl/6j mice bulbectomy and, to a less degree, anosmia seemed to affect predominantly the low-drinking animals. Chronic treatment with antidepressants amitriptyline (20 mg/kg), trazodone (20 mg/kg), and imipramine (10 mg/kg), did not change alcohol consumption in sham-operated C57Bl/6j mice. In anosmic mice antidepressants decreased alcohol preference, but only amitryptyline also decreased alcohol consumption. All antidepressants decreased both alcohol consumption and preference in bulbectomized C57Bl/6j mice. In DBA/2j mice antidepressant treatment either increased, or did not alter alcohol consumption and preference in all groups, though the effects varied among individual antidepressants. The possible connection between the bulbectomy-induced behavioral syndrome and elevated ethanol consumption in C57Bl/6j mice is discussed.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1993

Effects of bulbectomy and subsequent antidepressant treatment on brain 5-HT2 and 5-HT1A receptors in mice.

The effects of bilateral olfactory bulbectomy on serotonergic 5-HT2 and 5-HT1A receptor binding were studied in the frontal cortex (FC), limbic structures (LS), including the hippocampus, amygdala, olfactory tubercule, and piriform cortex, and hypothalamus (HTH) in mice. Bulbectomy resulted in the increase of Bmax for [3H]spiperone binding with 5-HT2 receptors in FC in C57Bl/6j. The receptors in LS and HTH remained unchanged. Subchronic treatment of the bulbectomized mice with antidepressant trazodone (20 mg/kg/day, IP, 14 days) induced downregulation of 5-HT2 receptors in FC and LS. The other two antidepressants used, amitriptyline (20 mg/kg/day, IP, 14 days) and imipramine (10 mg/kg/day, IP, 14 days), did not alter these receptors. [3H]8-OH-DPAT binding with 5-HT1A receptors was not altered by bulbectomy in any brain area in C57Bl/6j mice. Amitriptyline and trazodone decreased Bmax for these receptors in FC in the bulbectomized mice while imipramine was ineffective. Amitriptyline and imipramine significantly increased Bmax and decreased Kd in HTH, and trazodone displayed the same tendency. Bulbectomy did not alter 5-HT2 receptors in DBA/2j mice. Amitriptyline increased Kd in the all brain areas without changing Bmax in the bulbectomized DBA/2j mice. Trazodone significantly decreased Bmax in FC and increased Kd in FC and LS. Imipramine decreased Bmax while increasing Kd in LS. The possible involvement of the serotonin receptor subtypes in the bulbectomy-induced behavioral deficits and in the restorative action of the antidepressants is discussed.

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗
PubMed1993

[Systemic thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarct: its effect on left ventricular function, body oxygen consumption and disease prognosis].

Echocardiography, integral rheography of the body, Holter monitoring, assessment of oxygen consumption and blood gases were used in examination of 93 patients with macrofocal myocardial infarction (MI). 48 patients received thrombolytic therapy (TT) within 6 hours of MI which in 27 patients implied standard drugs (streptodecase, celiase, avelysin) and new medicine APSAC (21 patients). 45 patients received no TT. It was found that in acute MI period systemic TT prevented a fall in left ventricular performance, promoted advanced oxygen supply due to intensified oxygen extraction by tissues. This fact is attributed to transient changes in blood rheology. Application of APSAC prevented inhibition of myocardial contractility and development of congestive heart failure in subacute MI period. TT patients demonstrated ventricular arrhythmia on MI day 1 more often though by the number of the main arrhythmia types the groups differed insignificantly. Within 1-year postmyocardial infarction period TT patients had less repeat MI and were less frequently diagnosed to develop congestive heart failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Dissociation of multiple behavioral effects between olfactory bulbectomized C57Bl/6J and DBA/2J mice.

The behavioral effects of bulbectomy and subsequent antidepressant treatment in two mice strains were compared on measures of open field behavior and passive and active avoidance 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. After bulbectomy, both strains displayed elevated locomotion in open field, corrected by antidepressants. Enhanced rearing was decreased by antidepressants in C57Bl/6J, but not in DBA/2J mice. Passive avoidance, being intact 2 weeks after surgery in both strains, was strongly impaired 4 weeks after bulbectomy in C57Bl/6J mice, with antidepressants restoring the performance. Active avoidance acquisition and retention were also dramatically disturbed in C57Bl/6J mice 2 and 4 weeks after surgery, and antidepressants had recuperative effect. In contrast, bulbectomized DBA/2J mice didn't show any significant passive or active avoidance deficits, and antidepressant treatment seemed to have no effect on their learning ability. The observed strain differences suggest that bulbectomy may produce quite diverse neurophysiological and neurochemical alterations in two strains.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1989

[Value of the study of the functional potential of neutrophils in suppurative, septic and allergic diseases in children].

A method for measuring the content of cationic proteins in neutrophil granulocytes of the peripheral blood was employed in patients with pyoseptic (n = 12) and allergic (n = 28) diseases during the exposure to composite infections in vitro. The method enables one to assess the functional potentialities of the cells in mobilizing the internal reserves and the readiness for the trigger of the cellular granular apparatus, for instance during real or predicted exposure of the child to bacterial infections. The determination of the functional potentialities of neutrophil phagocytes can be used as a test for the appraisal of the gravity of allergic and pyoseptic processes as well as for predicting outcomes of pyoseptic diseases.

Adolescent↗