Biomedical subjects

I Vásová

Publications and source records attributed to I Vásová.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

[Evaluation of the cardioprotective effect of bispiperazinedione ICRF-187 (Cardioxane) in patients treated with anthracyclines--an echocardiographic study].

The cardiotoxicity of anthracycline antibiotics is a serious complication of anti-tumourous treatment. One of the possible ways how to prevent it or at least restrict it substantially is to use cardioprotective substances. The latter include ICRF-187 bispiperazinedione (dexrazoxan) which is manufactured and supplied by CHIRON Cop. under the name Cardioxane. The authors investigated by echocardiography indicators of systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle in patients where cumulative doses of 180-240 mg/sq.m of doxorubicin were achieved. In 10 patients to whom Cardioxane was administered no changes of left ventricular function were recorded. In 18 patients treated with boluses of doxorubicin significant deterioration of left ventricular diastolic function developed. The authors provided evidence that relatively small cumulative doses of doxorubicin administered as boluses lead to impaired left ventricular diastolic function. These changes were not recorded in patients who were given the cardioprotective substance ICRF-187 (Cardioxane).

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[Treatment of multiple myeloma--melphalan monotherapy after bone marrow transplantation].

Melphalan has brought the first improvement in the therapy of multiple myeloma at the beginning of the sixties. The median of survival was prolonged from several months to three years. In the following three decades new drugs were tested, but no other drug brought better results than melphalan. The comparative studies have proved, that therapy response has been reached more rapidly after polychemotherapy than monotherapy, but none of the treatment modalities differed in the survival parameters. The significance of interferon alpha for the treatment of multiple myeloma has been tested since the beginning of the eighties. Many clinical trials have brought contraverse results. The latest metaanalysis and data published by Ludwig support the indication of interferon alpha for the multiple myeloma maintenance treatment. Important progress in the therapy of multiple myeloma has been done in the nineties. High doses of alkylating cytostatics with the support of autologous peripheral blood stem cells transplantation or bone marrow transplantation enhanced the number of therapy-responses and prolonged the survival. The results of autologous transplantations are so favourable, that this procedure can be recommended as the first line treatment in suitable patients. Allogenic bone marrow transplantation is linked with many complications and therefore this method will be performed only in a limited number of patients. Trials dealing with this new therapy-trend are reviewed in this paper.

Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating↗

PubMed1996

[Treatment of multiple myeloma].

A new era of multiple myeloma management includes new approaches such as genetic marking and gene therapy, immunotherapy, stimulation of graft versus myeloma effect, etc. Intensive clinical research is also focused on the detection of minimal residual disease and bone marrow purging. Clinical trials have begun and the first results are promising, though preliminary. The combinations of new types of therapeutical approaches with the most efficient regimens used until now could form a new type of MM management strategy that better involves minimal residual disease.

Humans↗

PubMed1996

Evolution of multiple myeloma treatment from melphalan monotherapy to bone marrow transplantation.

Melphalan has brought the first improvement in the therapy of multiple myeloma at the beginning of the sixties. The median of survival was prolonged from several months to 3 years. In the following 3 decades new drugs were tested, but no other drug brought better results than melphalan. The comparative studies have proved, that therapy response has been reached more rapidly after polychemotherapy than after monotherapy, but none of the treatment modalities differed in the survival parameters. The significance of interferon alpha for the treatment of multiple myeloma has been tested since the beginning of the eighties. Many clinical trials have brought controversial results. The latest metaanalysis and data published support the indication of interferon alpha for the multiple myeloma maintenance treatment. Important progress in the therapy of multiple myeloma has been done in the nineties. High doses of alkylating cytostatics with the support of autologous peripheral blood stem cells transplantation or bone marrow transplantation enhanced the number of therapy-responses and prolonged the survival. The results of autologous transplantations are so favourable, that this procedure can be recommended as the first line treatment in suitable patients. Allogenic bone marrow transplantation is linked with many complications and therefore this method will be performed only in a limited number of patients. Trials dealing with this new therapy-trends are viewed in this paper.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1996

New approaches to management of multiple myeloma.

A new era of multiple myeloma (MM) management includes new approaches such as genetic marking and gene therapy, immunotherapy, stimulation of graft versus myeloma effect, etc. Intensive clinical research is also focused on the detection of minimal residual disease and bone marrow purging. Autoregulatory loop of myeloma cells and detection of genes responsible for pathological transformation of B-line cells is of great research interest. Clinical trials have begun and the first results are promising, though preliminary. The safety of the patients and the public must be major concern of all investigators. The combinations of new types of therapeutical approaches with the most efficient regimens used until now could form a new type of MM management strategy that better involves minimal residual disease.

Bone Marrow Purging↗

PubMed1995

[Infections in patients with central venous systems for long-term venous access: pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis and therapy].

Central venous access devices are a major source of nosocomial infection. The skin and catheter hub are the two major sources for the introduction of the colonizing organisms. Staphylococci are the leading causative agents. The authors reviews classification of catheter-related infection complications, diagnostic problems of catheter sepsis and up-to-date trends in their treatment. Diagnosis of catheter-related sepsis remains still difficult, if device is not removed. Candida catheter related is associated with higher morbidity and mortality than infections with other organisms and the device should be removed if possible. Prophylactic measures include especially a skilled team, maximal barrier precautions during insertion.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗

PubMed1995

[Subcutaneous chamber systems (ports) for long-term care in cancer patients].

Maintenance of satisfactory and safe venous access in cancer patients is part of a comprehensive care of cancer patients. As the Hickman/Broviac catheter is today used an implantable port. This port is placed in a subcutaneous pocket. The catheter connected to the port leads into the central vein, usually through the subclavian vein. An application of drugs in the port is done trough the skin. In this time could be used different types of ports, one or two chambers port, low profil port, peripheral port and others. In this paper we reported our two-years experience with 33 totally implantable access systems, which has been implanted in patients with cancer in Masaryk University Hospital Brno Bohunice. In our department was most frequently used port the nonmetallic port IMPLANTOFIX (BRAUN MELSUNGEN). All ports were in place for a total of 5,582 days, in average of 169 days. A frequency of complications were 2.15 on 1,000 days. Four ports were in place for longer than 1 year. A comparison of the incidence of complications in the present study with an analysis of 23 studies reported in literature was satisfactory. Minimal maintenance care, no restriction of life activity, improving quality of life and probably less frequency of infection complications, identify it as a significant advantage for the satisfactory maintenance of venous access of oncology patients in comparison with Hickman/Broviac catheter. Both the patients and the nursing staff showed a very high degree of satisfaction with this system. In cancer patients, especially with poor venous access, and prognosis longer than 6 months can be indicated this system with the advantage for patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

[Biological effects of allogenic leukocytes and leukocyte-depleted blood cell products].

The use of leukodepleted cellular blood components may reduce some adverse effect of transfusion in certain indications. This review presents the adverse effects of contaminating donor leukocytes in blood components: alloimmunisation, febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions, refractoriness to platelet transfusions, graft versus host disease, transmission of leukotropic infections and immunomodulation. The value of leukodepletion in preventing some of these complications, methods of leukodepletion and the current indications of use of leukodepleted components in clinical practice are discussed.

Humans↗