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Biomedical subjects

I W Simson

Publications and source records attributed to I W Simson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Granulocytic sarcoma of the kidney in a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukaemia. A case report.

A 26-year-old man with acute myelomonocytic leukaemia had been in remission for 16 months when he developed a painful swelling of the right testis. Intravenous pyelography showed a non-functioning right kidney. Surgical exploration revealed a granulocytic sarcoma of the right kidney and a right nephrectomy was performed. The patient refused further treatment and relapsed 3 months after the nephrectomy. Autopsy revealed a large greyish-white tumour mass occupying the pelvis and retroperitoneal tissue. Special techniques with immunoperoxidase and naphthol-ASD chloro-acetate esterase staining confirmed the histological diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma. The literature is reviewed and the rarity of this case is discussed.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Gross anatomic features of hepatocellular carcinoma from three disparate geographic areas. Proposal of new classification.

A comparison of the gross pattern of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was made using autopsy material from Japan (378 cases), the United States (90 cases), and South Africa (61 cases). The tumor could be placed in three major gross patterns only if subcategories of each were created. The common major patterns were expanding, spreading, and multifocal. There was a relationship of gross pattern to the presence or absence of prior liver disease, and there were differences in frequency of occurrence of the various gross types in the material from the above-mentioned countries.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

A destructive arthropathy following Chikungunya virus arthritis--a possible association.

Chikungunya virus arthritis is an acute severe polyarthritis following upon the bite of infected mosquitoes in endemic areas. With rapid air transport an increasing number of tourists are being exposed to potential infection. Whether tourists returning home in the incubation viremic stage can infect local mosquito populations in their home countries is unknown. Most cases recover from the severe joint pains within several weeks but up to 12% retain some residual joint symptoms for years. A case report is given of probable Chikungunya arthritis progressing to joint destruction before ultimately subsiding after 15 years leaving a sequela of destroyed metatarsal heads and late osteoarthritic changes in the ankles.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1984

Neocarzinostatin versus m-AMSA or doxorubicin in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Sixty-one of 76 patients entered on a prospective randomized trial of neocarzinostatin ( NCZ ) versus m-AMSA or doxorubicin were eligible for analysis. Among these 61 patients at least one episode of severe toxicity was documented in 39% of patients on NCZ and 58% on m-AMSA. Fifty-one of the 61 patients were previously untreated with chemotherapy. Among these 51 patients objective response was documented in two of 25 patients treated with NCZ , none of 17 treated with m-AMSA, and one of nine treated with doxorubicin. Among previously untreated North American and European (NA/E) patients the median survival times were: NCZ 11 weeks and m-AMSA 12 weeks. The data on South African (SA) patients with similar entrance criteria entered on earlier Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group trials were analyzed with that from the randomized trial and show that for SA patients the median survival times were: NCZ , 11 weeks (31 patients); m-AMSA, 13 weeks (33 patients); and doxorubicin, 15 weeks (29 patients).

Aminoacridines↗
PubMed1983

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A report of 2 South African cases.

This report documents the first 2 cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in male homosexuals identified in South Africa. Both patients died of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and both had cytomegalovirus infection. Neither had peripheral lymphadenopathy and in both cases the lymph nodes showed cortical and paracortical atrophy with marked plasma cell and histiocytic infiltration. It is suggested that this lymph node pattern represents the morphological expression of the immunological defect in this syndrome.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Immunological abnormalities in South African homosexual men.

Immunological tests of cell-mediated immunity (CMI), serological tests for antibodies to sexually transmitted and possibly immunosuppressive viruses, determination of serum immunoglobulin levels, full blood counts and serotyping for the HLA-DRw5 antigen were performed in 10 homosexual men with a mean age of 35 years (range 21-59 years). Five of these were associates of a patient who had died of confirmed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). At the time of investigation 9 of the men were apparently healthy and 1 had active pulmonary tuberculosis. Only in 2 subjects were no abnormalities of CMI found; they were 23 and 28 years of age and, interestingly, were also the only 2 whose sera were negative for antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV) and for the other viruses investigated. Of the remainder, 1 was lymphopenic, 6 had increased numbers of circulating suppressor T lymphocytes, 4 had reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity skin responses to recall antigens, and in 6 mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation was decreased. Of these 8 subjects, 4 and 2 had antibodies to hepatitis B surface and core antigens respectively and 1 was positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and HBe antigen. The most severe abnormalities were observed in individuals who were seropositive for both CMV and hepatitis B virus. These findings indicate the existence of acquired immunosuppression in some members of the South African homosexual community. On the basis of these findings an immunological classification of potential sufferers of AIDS in the male homosexual community is proposed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Carcinoids: the association of histologic growth pattern and survival.

There are five generally accepted carcinoid histologic growth patterns, i.e., insular, trabecular, glandular, undifferentiated, and mixed. To determine their possible prognostic significance, a panel of pathologists studied the growth patterns of 138 carcinoids collected from an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group carcinoid advanced stage disease chemotherapy investigation. Survival times were measured from date of initial pathologic diagnosis of carcinoid disease to date of either death or last follow-up. Significant differences were observed in survival times between the five major growth patterns (P less than 0.001). Within the mixed growth pattern group, significant differences in survival time were also observed (P approximately 0.05). In decreasing order of median survival time in years, the growth patterns ranked as follows: mixed insular plus glandular, 4.4; insular, 2.9; trabecular, 2.5; mixed insular plus trabecular, 2.3; three pooled low incidence rate mixed growth patterns, 1.4; glandular, 0.9; and undifferentiated, 0.5. Histologic growth patterns are recommended as a stratification factor in future studies of this disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava and hepatocellular carcinoma in South Africa.

This study was undertaken to establish the frequency of membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava in South Africa, to characterize the pathology of the lesion and to define its relationship to hepatocellular carcinoma. Over a 9-yr period 101 cases of membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava into the right atrium was occluded in all cases in which it was examined, and two basic patterns of the abnormality in the hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava have been described. The histologic picture in the liver was a chronic congestive fibrosis. In 44 cases of congestive fibrosis, diagnosed from liver biopsy specimens from black patients over a 5-yr period, vena caval membranes were demonstrated on cavography in 38 (86.4%). Hepatocellular carcinoma developed in 48 of the 101 cases (47.5%), indicating the importance of this defect in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in South Africa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The in vivo and in vitro effects of levamisole in patients with lepromatous leprosy.

Levamisole, 150 mg daily, was administered on 2 consecutive days per week for 6 weeks to two groups of patients with lepromatous leprosy. Group I was composed of patients who were receiving specific anti-leprosy therapy for varying periods of time and Group II were untreated lepromatous patients. Whereas half the patients in Group I received levamisole and the other half a placebo, those in Group II all received levamisole. Patients in both groups showed a) no clinical improvement, b) no conversion of the lepromin reaction, c) no histological change in skin biopsies, d) conversion of SKSD skin reactions from negative to positive in 20% of patients from each group, and e) unaltered absolute neutrophil counts. Whereas the total lymphocyte counts were unchanged in patients from Group I, 13 patients from Group II showed an increased lymphocyte count of greater than 10%. Lymphocyte transformation and lymphokine production in the second group showed no significant change, although four patients showed some lymphokine production after levamisole therapy. E and EAC rosettes were significantly increased in cases where these were reduced prior to treatment with levamisole-Side effects due to levamisole were not experienced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in pregnancy.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with pregnancy is rare. To date, only 1 case in which lymphoma was diagnosed and treated during pregnancy, with normal pregnancy outcome, has been reported. We describe another case where life-threatening, diffuse, poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma was diagnosed during the 13th week of pregnancy. Combination chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, bleomycin, and prednisone) resulted in remission and a health full-term infant was born.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hepatitis B surface antigen and primary liver cancer.

Sera of 184 patients were examined to determine the incidence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Ninety-two patients had primary liver cancer (PLC) and there were 92 matched controls. Thirty-one of the 92 patients with PLC and 8 of the 92 patients with no clinical evidence of liver disease had radio-immunoassay-positive tests for HBsAg. The difference was significant (P less than 0,01). In 56 of the patients with PLC it was possible to assess the nature of associated liver disease histologically. HBsAg was found in the sera of 66,6% of patients with postcollapse cirrhosis and in 22,2% of patients with chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome. It is likely that the role played by hepatitis B infection in the pathogenesis of PLC varies according to local circumstances in different geographical areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Exogenous ochronosis and pigmented colloid milium from hydroquinone bleaching creams.

An outbreak of ochronosis and colloid milium is described after the use of strong hydroquinone bleaching creams. These phenomena developed only after a few years, and took place when the melanocytes had overcome the bleaching influence. Sun-exposure and thorough inunction of the cream were required for the more advanced changes. Analogous changes have been seen when the skin is exposed to certain crude fuels in individuals working in the sun, and phenolic components in the fuels are suspected. The study presented here covers the clinical, histological, histochemical, electron microscopical and pathogenetic features as seen in thirty-five cases of hydroquinone damage to the dermis in South Africa.

Adult↗