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Biomedical subjects

I Yamane

Publications and source records attributed to I Yamane.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Serological survey of antibody to Neospora caninum in Japanese dogs.

Prevalence of antibody to Neospora caninum (NC) in Japanese dogs were examined. The antibody was positive in 15 of 48 dogs (31.3%) reared in the dairy farms that had case of the abortions due to NC infection or had the cattle seropositive to NC, whereas the prevalence was 7.1% (14 of 198 dogs) among the dogs kept in urban areas. In one dog breeder, all 17 Shetland sheepdogs older than 7 months were seropositive, and one pup was diagnosed as neosporosis 2 months before the first serological examination. The antibody titers of the dogs kept at this breeder were almost unchanged for 1.5 years. Serological evidence of the dogs in the dairy farms and urban areas indicates the transmission of NC between dogs and cattle. Also serological results of the dogs in one breeder may suggest the potential horizontal transmission among dogs.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1997

Clinical, anatomic, and immunopathologic characterization of Babesia gibsoni infection in the domestic dog (Canis familiaris).

The pathology associated with acute, chronic, and recrudescent Babesia gibsoni infections was characterized in a group of 6 naturally or experimentally infected, spleen-intact and splenectomized dogs. All experimentally infected dogs became acutely parasitemic, lethargic, anemic, thrombocytopenic, and hemoglobinuric. Anatomic lesions associated, with the disease included diffuse nonsuppurative periportal and centrilobular hepatitis, multifocal necrotizing arteritis, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, reactive lymphadenopathy, diffuse erythrophagocytosis, and extramedullary hematopoiesis. The density of CD3+ lymphocytes within the liver sinusoids was markedly increased. Aggregates of large mononuclear cells with immunohistochemical features of activated macrophages were demonstrated in the central veins of the liver. Kupffer cells throughout the hepatic sinusoids appeared hypertrophic and prominent. The density of sinusoidal T lymphocytes, macrophages in central veins, and the degree of Kupffer cell hypertrophy were greatest in the splenectomized dogs. Multifocal deposits of IgM antibody were immunohistochemically demonstrated within the walls of inflamed arteries and renal glomeruli. The results of this study suggest that intense immunostimulation resulting in activation and expansion of T and B lymphocyte populations, macrophage recruitment and activation, vasculitis, glomerulonephritis and anemia contribute to the pathology associated with B. gibsoni infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Application of the GABA antagonist bicuculline to the premotor cortex reduces the ability to withhold reaching movements by well-trained monkeys in visually guided reaching task.

1. A gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonist, bicuculline methiodide (BMI, 10 micrograms/microliters, 1 microliter), was locally injected into a total of 32 sites in the right premotor cortex (PM) of two rhesus monkeys that had been well-trained in a visually guided reaching task (VR) for approximately 3 yr. The monkey initiated the task by pressing a central hold lever with its left hand, and this was followed by waiting (1 s), warning (central green square on a computer monitor, 0.5 s), cue (right, upper, or left square), delay (2-5 s), and go (central green square changes to red, < 1.2 s) periods. In the go period, the monkey released the hold lever and reached out to one of three target levers (left, upper, or right) that had been indicated 2-5 s previously in the cue period. 2. At three sites in the dorsal part of the PM, after the local application of BMI, reaching movements of the left forelimb, which were not part of the trained-reaching, occurred 200-300 ms after the onset of a burst of neuronal activity at the BMI injection site. This induced-reaching, which was designated a "forced-reaching" movement, occurred while the monkeys were pressing the hold lever before the cue appeared-i.e., during the waiting or waiting period. No reaching occurred when the burst did not appear. Furthermore, trajectories and electromyograms of the forelimbs during the forced-reaching movements were similar to those in the trained-reaching movements in the VR task. 3. These results suggest that restricted sites in the dorsal PM of monkeys are involved in the initiation and/or execution of trained-reaching movements and that GABAergic inhibition at these sites normally suppresses this initiation/execution unless it is required. By relaxing GABAergic suppression, the dorsal PM might send a command to a neuronal system that is associated with trained reaching to recruit the system, thereby initiating and/or executing the trained reaching.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Long-term prognosis and prognostic factors of Japanese children with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis without IgA deposition.

Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis without IgA deposition (non-IgA MesPGN) is commonly detected in biopsy specimens, but the clinicopathological correlation with the long-term prognosis still remains obscure. The aim of our study is to elucidate the long-term prognosis and the clinicopathological prognostic factors in patients with non-IgA MesPGN. We mailed questionnaires to 122 patients with primary glomerulonephritis who were biopsied between 1963 and 1975. Information was obtained from 109 of these 122 patients and 55 were histologically rediagnosed as having non-IgA MesPGN. The histological alterations of glomeruli and tubulointerstitium were classified into five grades. The mean period between the biopsy and the questionnaires was 20.5 years. Six of the 55 patients with non-IgA MesPGN developed end-stage renal failure and histopathological alterations of renal biopsies from these six patients were classified into grade IV or V. The presence of hypertension, heavy proteinuria of over 2+ or renal insufficiency at the biopsy was related to the severe histological changes, a grade of IV or V and to a poor prognosis. The renal survival rate of all the 55 patients was 88.3% at 20 years after the biopsy, while that of the 12 patients with severe histological changes was 48.6%. Although non-IgA MesPGN is considered to be a heterogeneous disease, we cannot ignore the incidence of this disease and thus consider it to be one of the important primary glomerulonephritides that occur in childhood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[A case of multifocal choroiditis associated with progressive subretinal fibrosis].

Multifocal choroiditis associated with progressive subretinal fibrosis, which was reported by Cantrill and Folk in 1986, is characterized by acute multifocal choroiditis resulting in progressive subretinal fibrosis. All cases were young, healthy females. Our case was a 17-year-old female who complained of visual disturbance in her left eye. Ophalmoscopy showed multiple, small, yellowish-white hypopigmented, choroidial lesions in the posterior fundus of her left eye. These lesions showed hyperfluorescence in fluorescein angiography and hypofluorescence in indocyanine green (ICG) angiography. One month later the yellowish-white hypopigmented, choroidal lesions increased in number and subretinal fibrosis appeared in the macular area. Two months later subretinal fibrosis was also found in the area except for the macula. In her right eye, ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography showed no abnormal findings, but ICG angiography revealed choroidal hypofluorescence areas. Two years later the subretinal fibrosis was increased and the yellowish-white lesions showed pigmentation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of the indirect fluorescent antibody test for diagnosis of Babesia gibsoni infections in dogs.

We determined the extent of the serologic cross-reactivity in the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test for Babesia gibsoni, and the optimal cut-off titer for seropositivity in the test. The lowest titer to B gibsoni detected in a dog with naturally acquired clinical babesiosis was 1,280, and 7 of 12 dogs had titer between 10,240 and 20,480. Two experimentally infected normosplenic dogs developed high titer (40,960 to 81,920) to B gibsoni, and the same sera reacted in IFA tests for B canis (titer < or = 640), Toxoplasma gondii (titer < or = 2,560), and Neospora caninum (titer < or = 10,240). Dogs that were experimentally infected with B canis and T gondii had titer < or = 160 to B gibsoni. Dogs that were experimentally infected with N caninum had titer (80 to 10,240) to N caninum, but failed to have serologic reactivity to B gibsoni. Serologic titer of healthy dogs from Australia, a country where B gibsoni is not known to exist, was < or = 160 to B gibsoni. On the basis of these findings, a cut-off titer of 320 was considered to be appropriate for serodiagnosis of B gibsoni in dogs with clinical signs of babesiosis. A more conservative titer of 1,280 was established as the cut-off titer for seroepidemiologic studies based on relative costs and benefits of false-positive results and failure to isolate B gibsoni parasites after splenectomy and immunosuppression from a clinically normal dog with B gibsoni titer of 640.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Immune status of children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Immunological parameters including serum IgG, IgA and IgM, lymphocyte phenotypes (CD3, CD4, CD8, HLA-DR+CD3-), natural killer cell activity and lymphocyte proliferation with phytohaemagglutinin were assessed in 10 children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and 10 control subjects. Live vaccines were injected into 6 of the 10 children on CAPD (4 had a combined measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and the other 2 mumps vaccine). Serum antibody titres to these viruses were measured before and after vaccination. The serum IgG level was statistically lower in the CAPD group than in the control group (P less than 0.01), but there was no difference in the percentage of HLA-DR+CD3- cells and in the ratio of CD4 to CD8 between the two groups. There were no differences in the other parameters between the two groups. All of the 6 vaccinated children seroconverted, and serious side effects were not noted. Our results suggest that children on CAPD have no significant immune impairment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Ribosomal DNA probe for differentiation of Babesia microti and B. gibsoni isolates.

The objective of this study was to determine whether different isolates of Babesia microti could be distinguished from morphologically similar isolates of B. gibsoni by using a ribosomal DNA (rDNA) probe. A Babesia-specific rDNA probe was obtained by polymerase chain reaction amplification of sequences from B. microti DNA using universal primers directed against highly conserved portions of the eukaryotic 16S-like rRNA gene. The chemiluminescent rDNA probe hybridized to Southern blots of restriction endonuclease-digested DNA preparations of different isolates of B. gibsoni from infected dogs and B. microti from infected humans and white-footed mice. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms served to differentiate these species. Although the hybridization patterns seen with DNAs from six B. microti isolates did not vary, those of the five B. gibsoni isolates did indicate genotypic variation. We concluded that isolates of B. microti and B. gibsoni can be differentiated on the basis of restriction fragment length polymorphism detected with a chemiluminescent rDNA probe.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Hemolytic anemia caused by Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs.

Babesia gibsoni caused severe hemolytic anemia in 11 dogs from southern California. The most common clinical signs of B gibsoni infection were lethargy, anorexia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Acute infection with B gibsoni may be misdiagnosed as autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Diagnosis was most reliably determined by identification of the intraerythrocytic parasites on Giemsa-stained blood smears. The pathogenicity of B gibsoni, difficulties in diagnosis, the parasite's resistance to treatment with available drugs, and frequent interstate movement of dogs indicate that this disease may be a serious threat to dogs throughout the United States.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1991

Asymptomatic isolated microhaematuria: natural history of 136 children.

In a mass screening programme, 251 children with isolated microhaematuria were detected. Of these 251 children, 115 were excluded from the study because of microhaematuria secondary to a specific cause. The remaining 136 children were diagnosed as having asymptomatic isolated microhaematuria (ASH). Of these 136 children, 23 had evidence of urinary abnormalities in their family members. Red blood cell casts were evident in 31 children at their initial visit or during the follow-up period. Ten children had one or more episodes of macrohaematuria during the study. Renal biopsy was performed in 19 children because of indications of glomerular disease, and 13 of these 19 children had mild to moderate glomerulonephritis. None of these 136 children developed hypertension or renal impairment after a mean period of 7.4 years (range 6-13 years). Thirty-five children had normal urinary findings within 6 years of their initial visit, and 100 have had persistent microhaematuria without proteinuria throughout the follow-up period. The other child had microhaematuria with proteinuria greater than 1 g/m2 per day at the end of the study. This study suggests that the prognosis of ASH is good, and that renal biopsy is not indicated for children with ASH.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Primary culture of human gallbladder epithelial cells.

Growth requirements of epithelial cells isolated from the human gallbladder were examined. The growth of gallbladder epithelial cells (GBEC) was stimulated by medium conditioned with gallbladder fibroblasts (CM-GBF) in a dose-dependent manner. The conditioned medium derived from human embryo lung fibroblasts also showed similar growth stimulating activity for GBEC, suggesting that fibroblasts secrete a factor or factors which induce GBEC growth in vitro. CM-GBF in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum increased GBEC growth up to 10 times the growth in the absence of CM-GBF supplement. GBEC cultured with CM-GBF showed hexagonal shape under a phase-contrast microscope, and also expressed cytokeratin and mucopolysaccharide in the cytoplasm, both of which are specific for GBEC. Electron microscopy revealed desmosomes and tight junctions between the cells and microvilli on the apical plasma membrane, suggesting that they regained morphological polarity in the medium containing CM-GBF. These results shows that CM-GBF is essential for the growth and the differentiation of GBEC in culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The natural history of screening detected IgA glomerulonephritis in children.

The clinical course of 43 children with IgA glomerulonephritis detected by mass urine screening was followed for a mean period of 8.1 years. Histological findings were graded according to the severity of glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions. There was no correlation in the severity of histological grade and clinical outcome between subjects with microscopic hematuria and those with microscopic hematuria and proteinuria nor between those with and without one or more episodes of macroscopic hematuria during the follow-up period. None of the 35 children with proteinuria less than or equal to 1 g/m2/day had severe histological findings or developed renal impairment. In contrast, the 8 children with proteinuria greater than 1 g/m2/day had moderate and severe histological findings. Four of these 8 children developed hypertension or renal insufficiency during the follow-up period. Our study indicates that the outcome of screening detected IgA glomerulonephritis in children correlates with the level of proteinuria and the severity of renal pathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Renal osteodystrophy in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Twelve patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were studied in order to evaluate the progression of renal osteodystrophy (ROD). All patients received doses of 0.01-0.02 microgram/kg of 1 alpha vitamin D3 (1 alpha-D3) and 0.1-0.15 g/kg of calcium carbonate for 12-18 months. Serum total protein, total calcium (Ca), creatinine, inorganic phosphate, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and n-terminal parathyroid hormone were measured regularly. The radiological bone appearance for ROD or rickets and the height standard deviation score were compared between the outset and the end of this study. An increase of Ca values and a decrease of ALP values correlated with a suppression of hyperparathyroidism, and the hyperphosphatemia was controlled in the majority of our patients throughout this study. Two patients had ROD and rickets at the outset of this study, and all patients but one had neither ROD nor rickets at the end of this study. Growth retardation improved or remained stable in 10 patients. Our results indicate that adequate doses of 1 alpha-D3 and calcium carbonate are effective in the prevention of ROD and rickets in patients on CAPD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Induced ovulation in cats using porcine pituitary gland preparation during the non-breeding season.

An attempt was made to induce ovulation in 19 cats during the non-breeding season by the administration of a porcine pituitary gland preparation. The dosage was 2 mg for the first day and then 1 mg for each day until estrus was induced. Studies were made to determine whether fertilization and pregnancy were possible by mating at the time of induced estrus. Estrus was induced in 89.5% (17/19) of the cats, 3-8 days after the first administration. The average number of ovulations induced by mating was 7.3 +/- 1.3 (mean +/- SE) for 16 cats (excluding one cat that failed to ovulate). The uterine horn was flushed 6-8 days after mating in 9 of the 16 ovulated cats to determine the fertilization rate. An average of 3.6 ova were recovered from 8 out of the 9 cats (including one cat from which no ovum was recovered) which gave an average recovery rate of 38.6%. Expanded blastocysts were recovered from 5 cats, while from the other 3 cats, only unfertilized ova were recovered. Pregnancy was confirmed in the other 7 cats 15-20 days after mating. In two of the 7 cats implantation was observed, but abortion occurred at 24 and 27 days of pregnancy. Plasma progesterone concentrations were lower in the estrus-induced and bred cats as compared to these in the controls, with progesterone values approaching base concentrations, approximately by day 20 in 2 cats and by day 30 in 3 cats. It was concluded that estrus could be induced in cats during the non-breeding season by administration of porcine pituitary gland preparation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

High-dose methylprednisolone therapy for nephrotic syndrome in Henoch-Schoenlein nephritis.

Twelve patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) in Henoch-Schoenlein (HS) nephritis were treated with a high dose of intravenous methylprednisolone (MP) on each of nine alternate days followed by oral prednisolone for 4 to 6 months. Renal biopsy was performed on 10 of the 12 patients. The glomerular change in 5 patients, which was accompanied by crescents and/or sclerosis, with NS and acute nephritic syndrome (ANS) at onset, was more severe than that of the other 5 patients with NS and hematuria at onset. The renal insufficiency or hypertension in these 5 patients with NS and ANS improved within 2 weeks on this MP therapy. After a mean follow-up period of 40.5 months, all patients except 2 revealed normal physical findings and renal function as well as urinary findings. Repeated biopsies in the 2 patients with NS and ANS at onset demonstrated an improved renal pathology in comparison with their initial biopsies. No severe side effects related to high-dose intravenous MP followed by oral prednisolone therapy were encountered in any of the patients. Our results suggest that high-dose intravenous MP therapy can lead to a favorable outcome in patients with NS in HS nephritis.

Adolescent↗