Biomedical subjects

Ia B Azarov

Publications and source records attributed to Ia B Azarov.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

[The endoscopic and morphological diagnostics of gastroesophageal reflux].

The experiences with endoscopic examinations of 140 patients with gastroesophageal reflux followed by the development of reflux-esophagitis (RE) of different degree are presented. The authors describe the complicated and uncomplicated forms of RE. The uncomplicated forms include RE with unimpaired integrity of the epithelium, erosive RE, erosive-ulcerous RE. The complicated forms include peptic ulcer of the esophagus, peptic stricture and Barrett esophagus. The degree of RE was found to depend on the character and degree of impairment of the obturating function of the cardia. The morphological examination of the esophagus mucosa was performed in 35 patients. Morphological heterogeneity of the so called "catarrhal RE" was shown that makes the expedience of using this term in clinical practice doubtful. Exact endoscopic and morphological criteria of the differential diagnostics of erosive and erosive-ulcerous RE, erosive-ulcerous RE and peptic ulcer of the esophagus are described.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2003

[Modified methods of percutaneous electrogastroenterography].

In 62 normal males and females gastrointestinal (GI) electrical activity was evaluated before and after standard breakfast with the method of epicutaneous electrogastroenterography (EGEG) with the use of AgCl electrodes and original hard- and software "Gastroenterograph" developed by the authors. Spectral analysis (SA) of GI electrical potentials enabled quantification of the electrical activity of the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and the whole of the small intestine. The stomach and the small intestine were main contributors to the total GI electrical activity during fasting. Changes in the functional activity of the digestive system after the meal were characterized by increases in selected SA parameters (length of the spectral curve and area underneath), dissociation between their values and redistribution of ratios in different GI segments.

Action Potentials↗

PubMed2003

[Influence of gastroesophageal reflux on the reparative process in burn of the esophagus].

Experience in endoscopic examination and treatment of 282 patients with isolated and combined chemical burn of the esophagus (CBE) of different severity is presented. Endoscopic treatment, performed in combination with chemotherapy, consisted in irradiation of burn surface with low-energy laser 'Mustang' through the canal of the endoscope. The procedure was performed 3 times a week up to complete epithelization of burn ulcers. Both in primary esophagogastroduodenoscopy and in repeated examinations sphincter function of the cardia, presence and sizes of axial hiatal hernia, changes of esophageal mucosa and presence of gastroesophageal reflux were analyzed. It is demonstrated that CBE was associated with dysfunction of the cardia in more than 90% cases. Rate of erosive and ulcerous reflux-esophagitis was 24.6-34%; cicatrix stricture of the esophagus - 6.3-12.2% in isolated and combined CBE, respectively. Severity of reflux-esophagitis and its complications was determined by severity of chemical burn.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

[Effect of homeostasis of chyme composition on absorption of its components in the small intestine during natural digestion].

In dogs, even after essential changes of food ingredients, chyme concentration indices, being formed in duodenum, are steadily kept over a comparatively small range of values in the aftermath of intensive exchange between blood and media filling the lumen of gastroduodenal area. The direction of the balance flow for each substance depends both on the substance initial concentration and the ingredients ratio of food. The homeostating of enteral medium seems to assure the relative stability of the substances balance flow filling up internal medium of the organism.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Impaired gastric acid secretion in patients poisoned by cauterizing liquids].

Intragatric pH-metry made in 80 patients with chemical gastric burn (CGB) in the acute and early postburn periods revealed that in 17% of the victims, gastric acid secretion remains normal, 51.2% of cases showed its increase (hyperacidity) whose maximum rates (100%) are detected in patients with extensive CGB of the third degree and whose minimum rates (20%) were found in those with fourth-grade CGB. Hypoacidicity was diagnosed in 31.2% of the patients. A significant (1.7-6-fold) enhancement of acid secretion was observed during stimulation, which suggests the compensated hyperfunction of intact gastric mucosal portions and supports the fact that the values of basal acidicity are leveled by bile reflux duodenogastritis. The latter was diagnosed by pH-metry data in 63.8% and by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) in 87.5% of cases. The detection rate of reflux gastroesophagitis (RGE) was also higher by EGDS than that by pH-metry: 42.5 and 26.3% of cases, respectively. The lowest detection rate of RGE was noted in patients with fourth-degree CGB whereas the endoscopic signs of reflex esophagitis (RE) were most pronounced: erosive and ulcerative RE was diagnosed in 28% of cases.

Burns, Chemical↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Chyme homeostasis in the gastroduodenal portion of the digestive tract under different nutritional diets].

The concentration of chyme ingredients and volumetric velocity of the chyme transfer from the duodenum to the jejunum were investigated in experiments on normal preoperated dogs with fistulas implanted into the stomach, duodenum and jejunum after feeding different diets throughout the entire process of active digestion. It has been established that as a result of exchange between the medium filling the gastroduodenal part of the alimentary tract and blood, an enteral medium is formed in the duodenum, with the composition of this medium being relatively constant as regards the concentration and constituent ingredients. It has been also shown that the direction of the balanced flows of the nutrients depends on their concentration in the diet and that both immediate exchange of substances between the enteral and internal media, which is effected according to the concentration gradient, and regulatory alterations in the secretion are involved in homeostasis of the enteral medium.

Animals↗