Biomedical subjects

Ingela Karlsson

Publications and source records attributed to Ingela Karlsson.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Intraoral maxillary molar distalization.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the maxillary molar distalization and anchorage loss in two groups, one before (MD 1 group) and one after (MD 2 group) eruption of second maxillary molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After a sample size calculation, 20 patients were recruited for each group from patients who fulfilled the following criteria: no orthodontic treatment before distal molar movement, Class II molar relationship defined by at least end-to-end molar relationship, space deficiency in the maxilla, and use of an intra-arch NiTi coil appliance with a Nance appliance to provide anchorage. Patients in the MD 1 group were without any erupted second molars during the distalization period, whereas in the MD 2 group both the first and second molars were in occlusion at start of treatment. The main outcome measures to be assessed were: treatment time, ie, time in months to achieve a normal molar relation, distal movement of maxillary first molars, and anterior movement of maxillary incisors (anchorage loss). The mean age in the MD 1 group was 11.4 years; in the MD 2 group, 14.6 years. RESULTS: The amount of distal movement of the first molars was significantly greater (P < .01) and the anchorage loss was significantly lower (P < .01) in the group with no second molars erupted. The molar distalization time was also significantly shorter (P < .001) in this group, and thus the movement rate was two times higher. CONCLUSIONS: It is more effective to distalize the first maxillary molars before the second molars have erupted.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Comparison of genotyping methods by application to Salmonella livingstone strains associated with an outbreak of human salmonellosis.

During 2000 and 2001, an outbreak of human salmonellosis occurred in Sweden and Norway, caused by Salmonella livingstone. In this study, the genotypic differences between three strains obtained from food sources during the outbreak, two human strains and 27 more or less unrelated strains were analysed, using the three methods; automated ribotyping, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Each method was evaluated regarding its discriminatory ability, reproducibility and typeability. Simpson's discriminatory index calculated for each method was 0.556 for automated ribotyping, 0.766 for PFGE and 0.236 for RAPD. The reproducibility, defined as the minimum similarity between individual replicates in a cluster analysis, was 96% for automated ribotyping and PFGE, and 90% for RAPD. All the strains were typeable with each method. When combining results for the three genotyping methods, it was found that RAPD did not increase the discriminatory index and was therefore excluded from further analysis. Using a combination of the results obtained from ribotyping and PFGE (D=0.855), two strains that had been isolated from feed factories during 1998 were shown to be identical to the outbreak strain, indicating a possible route of contamination due to a clone of Salmonella livingstone persisting in feed producing facilities. No connection to poultry was established.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed2005

Extraoral vs intraoral appliance for distal movement of maxillary first molars: a randomized controlled trial.

Using randomized controlled trial methodology, the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the treatment effects of an extraoral appliance (EOA) and an intraoral appliance (IOA) for distal movement of maxillary first molars. A total of 40 patients (mean 11.5 years, SD 1.29) at the Orthodontic Clinic, National Health Service, Skane County Council, Malmö, Sweden, were randomized to receive treatment with either extraoral traction (cervical headgear) or an IOA using superelastic coils for distal movement of maxillary first molars. The inclusion criteria were a nonextraction treatment plan, a Class II molar relationship and maxillary first molars in occlusion with no erupted maxillary second molars. The outcome measures to be assessed in the trial were treatment time, cephalometric analysis of distal molar movement, anterior movement of maxillary central incisors, ie, anchorage loss and sagittal and vertical skeletal positional changes of the maxilla and mandible. In the IOA group, the molars were distalized during an average time of 5.2 months, whereas in the EOA group the corresponding time was 6.4 months (P < .01). The mean amount of distal molar movement was significantly higher in the IOA than in the EOA group, three mm vs 1.7 mm (P < .001). Moderate anchorage loss was produced with the IOA implying increased overjet (0.9 mm) whereas the EOA created decreased overjet (0.9 mm). It can be concluded that the IOA was more effective than the EOA to create distal movement of the maxillary first molars.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed2002

Chest pain after coronary artery bypass: relation to coping capacity and quality of life.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate relations between chest pain after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), quality of life (QoL), and coping capacity. DESIGN: Two groups were included, Group I (n = 111) was evaluated before and 1 year postoperatively, and Group II (n = 102) once, at 3 years. The questionnaire included parts of the Seattle angina questionnaire, one question concerning chest pain, coping capacity (sense of coherence), emotional state, the Psychological general well-being index, and a global QoL question. RESULTS: Chest pain was significantly related to lower coping capacity (at 1 year) and lower QoL scores (at 1 and 3 years). Changes of coping capacity and emotional state from before to 1 year after the CABG did not reach statistical significance in the chest pain group while the no chest pain patients had significantly better emotional state. The relation between chest pain and worse QoL was significantly reduced by high coping capacity. CONCLUSION: Independent of the direction of causality, the patient's coping capacity and experienced chest pain is highly related.

Adaptation, Psychological↗