[Clinical manifestations of drug disease].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Iu D Konovalov.
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The Black Sea roach and carp-bream eggs of different degree of maturity differ from each other by the content of SH-, S--S-groups of proteins and non-protein low molecular weight thiol compounds. Definite differences were found in the optical density of soluble proteins and degree of ionization of their side groups.
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It was established that in the carp the process of embryonic and early postembryonic development was accompanied by the increase in the activity of both the trypsin- and chemotrypsin-like peptide hydrolases. This increase is most evident in larvae with resorbing yolk. The total and protein nitrogen content suffers no changes during embryonic and early postembryonic development. The content of non-protein nitrogen increases from the stage of the middle of segmentation on attaining the maximum level in larvae with resorbing yolk.
The content of proteins soluble in the phosphate buffer in the mature eggs and sperm of the bream is higher than that in the corresponding cells of the roach. The eggs of both the roach and bream is richer in these proteins than the sperm. The amount of SH- and S-S-groups in proteins of sex cells is not the same and varies depending on the fish species. The ionization coefficient value for lateral groups of proteins soluble in the phosphate buffer at 245 and 300 nm is lower for the eggs of the roach as compared to that of the bream and for the sperm of the roach, vice versa, it is higher than for the bream sperm. This index for proteins of the roach and bream eggs at 245 and 300 nm is higher considerably as compared to that established for sperm.
The alanine aminotransferase activity in the ovarian fluid is much higher than in the mature oocytes and perivitelline fluid, the aspartate aminotransferase activity is higher in the perivitelline fluid than in the oocytes and ovarian fluid. The aspartate aminotransferase activity prevails in the mature oocytes and perivitelline fluid. The temperature optimum of the both activities is 38-44 degrees C, the pH optimum is between 7.5-7.6.
Embryonic and early postembryonic development of the carp is associated with an increase in the content of soluble proteins and nitrogen of non-protein nitrogenous components. Simultaneously, the activity of trypsin-like and chemotrypsin-like peptide hydrolases increases together with the increase in the degree of proteolysis. These data suggest that the development of carp embryos and early larva is accompanied by intensification of two opposite processes--synthesis and catabolism of proteins. The observed changes are more evident in early postembryonic period as compared with the early stages of embryogenesis.
Thermal and pH optima have been established for alanine and aspartate aminotransferases from mature eggs, ovarial and perivitelline fluids of the fish. The range of the values of pH of the ovarial fluid is such that the activity of the aminotransferases investigated is equal practically to zero. At the same time, pH of the perivitelline fluid is optimal for the activity of these enzymes. During embryogenesis of the fish the activity of both aminotransferases increases. It is suggested that the increase in transamination of alanine is more significant than that of aspartic acid.