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Biomedical subjects

Iu G Sterlin

Publications and source records attributed to Iu G Sterlin.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Monitoring aspects of safety in anesthesiology and resuscitation].

Uninterrupted monitoring of the key parameters of blood, breathing, and cardiac function in patients is a main factor ensuring safety of the patients. The article contains a classification of monitors and requirements applicable to their designing. Technical parameters of the monitors developed by the Research Institute for Medical Instrument-Making ("ZAO VNIIMP-VITA") are described in the article.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Monitoring in surgery and resuscitation: current state, problems, and trends].

General problems of medical monitoring are discussed using monitoring in anesthesiology and resuscitation as an example. The current state of this important problem of biomedical engineering and perspectives of its further development based on sophisticated medical methods of measurement of vitally important parameters of patient are analyzed. The main emphasis was placed on the problems of collaboration between physicians and engineers in the development of monitoring systems and optimal information support of physicians during the use of monitoring systems in surgery and resuscitation. Special attention was devoted to facilitation of working conditions of physician with due regard to patient safety. The problems of appearance of monitoring errors, their origin, and approaches to their minimization are also discussed.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Methods for increasing the reliability and noise protection of arterial pressure measurement channel].

Noninvasive measurement of arterial blood pressure is an important function of modem monitoring systems. Presently, most arterial pressure measurement channels implement oscillometric method. This method is based on detection of small-amplitude pulsation of limb volume below occlusion cuff during compression/decompression. The main goal of the upgrade to the oscillometric method is to increase the accuracy, reliability, and noise protection of detection of arterial pressure parameters. This work describes a possible approach to improvement of reliability of the oscillographic method based on synchronous detection of several signals (e.g., volume signal, tachosignal and its derivatives with simultaneous correction of signal processing data on the bases of a priori information about signal, and processing adaptation of data processing algorithm to given signal realization).

Arteries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Methods for automatic correction of the effect of various factors on the results of capnometry].

Factors affecting the results of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration measurements and methods of their automatic compensation are considered for capnometers of two types: lateral flow (LF) and main flow (MF) capnometers. Advantages of the use of one-channel photometer in LF capnometer with automatic calibration were demonstrated. Compensation for temperature, pressure, and presence of concomitant gases and vapors in inhalation mixture is implemented automatically by introducing correction factors in CO2 concentration value. Calibration curves could be obtained empirically for specific capnometer model integrated into the gas analyzer. Carbon dioxide concentration values measured with LF and MF capnometers should be reduced to standard physical conditions STPD and BTPS conditions, respectively (body temperature and pressure, saturation with water vapors).

Calibration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[New artificial lung respiration apparatuses for anesthesia and design of gas flow commutators].

The principles of action of new anesthetic devices and apparatuses for mechanical lung ventilation (MLV) including alternate-flow inhalation generators designed in recent time in VNIIMP-VITA, Ltd. are considered. According to the type of drive, these apparatuses fall into groups of devices with pneumatic drive (Diana) and electric drive (Elan). New technological approaches to design of gas flow commutators for pneumatic drive and respiratory contours of MLV apparatuses are discussed. The design of a new source of stable pneumatic signals providing reliable operation of the control valves of the inhalation and exhalation contours of electrically driven apparatuses. This source allows necessary MLV modes to be implemented during anesthesia.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Increase in the information content of thermograms by compensating for tissue heat conduction].

There exist two groups of factors responsible for distorsion of thermograms, these are a subdued temperature relief due to thermal conduction of tissues and equipment-caused distorsions. Such distorsions lower the informativeness of thermograms which hampers the selection of diagnostic signs. A method is proposed which enables it to partially compensate distorsions through application of Viener's method of re-establishing distorted images, based on the use of the à priori information on the distribution of temperature on the surface of the body and on the probable properties of thermal fields. The equipment-caused distorsions are then considered to be insignificant. The proposed algorythm of re-establishment has been tried out on the image of blood vessels in the rabbit's ear and on the factual image of the thermal field, the thermograms of mammary glands.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Model of temperature distribution on the body surface of homeotherms].

A mathematical model is considered which describes a change of temperature on the body surface under the effect of the heat source located near the surface. Solutions of heat conductance equations for semi-infinite isotropic and homogenous medium are used as a model. A point source with capacity Q is placed into the medium at the depth zota at the moment t=0. The heat sources are focuses of heat increased production--tumours. Temperature distribution of the skin obtained for a dynamic and static case permits to determine the time of transition processes, efficiency of the application of dynamic methods of studies etc.

Animals↗