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Biomedical subjects

Iu N Savchenko

Publications and source records attributed to Iu N Savchenko.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Lamiktal in the treatment of epilepsy patients].

Lamictal (Lamotrigin) action was studied in 61 patients with partial and generalized epileptic seizures (not fewer than twice a month). Most of the patients received Lamictal in doses of 200-300 mg daily as well as other antiepileptic medications (before lamictal all patients were treated without effect with various antiepileptic medications). Effectiveness of treatment with lamictal includes: the cessation of epileptic attacks (5 patients), its more rare appearance (31 patients), transformation into more light fits (15 patients). Lamictal has a broad spectrum of antiepileptic activity: it stops generalized tonic-clonic seizures, absences, simple and complex partial seizures as well as secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures. The medication is also effective in patients with psychopathologic symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[The dynamics of phenotypically and genotypically determined high brain seizure activity in the intracerebral allografting of embryonic nerve tissue].

Experiments were made on rats of two lines during 120-140 days. A study was made of the effect of transplanting the embryonal hippocamp tissue and the septum (E 18) on the phenotypically (mechanical destruction in Wistar rats of the areas CA1 and CA4 of the fields of the hippocamp and dentate gyrus) and genotypically (Krushinskiĭ-Molodkina rats, all responding to graded acoustic stimulations (86 dB) by audiogenic convulsive fits) determined high convulsive activity of the brain. It has been shown that from days 4-6, in 19 out of 23 Wistar rats, the transplantation was followed by a steady increase of the threshold of convulsive activity. As to the threshold of convulsive activity in K-M rats, it was affected by the transplantation to a slightly less measure. Out of 17 K-M rats, 9 stopped reacting to acoustic stimulations by audiogenic convulsive fits from days 39-44. In 5 more animals, convulsive fits failed to occur after every acoustic stimulation, the duration of the clonic and tonic phases of convulsive fit and the duration of the post-paroxysmal motor excitation declined.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1991

[Glycine in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia].

As many as 98 patients suffering from trigeminal neuralgia were given myeglynol (glycine) in a dose of 110 mg/kg a day for 4-5 weeks. A noticeable effect manifesting in the counteracting painful paroxysms was attained in more than 86% of cases. The drug was administered alone at the disease onset. The treatment effect of myeglynol may be related to its capacity to decrease to normal the high concentration of formaldehyde in the blood serum of patients suffering from trigeminal neuralgia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Results of clinical and immunoenzymatic studies of neurospecific leucine aminopeptidase in patients with neurologic disorders].

Leucine aminopeptidase of myelin was discovered to contain a protein subunit possessing, in contrast to the main enzymatic mass, antigenic properties and contained by different structures of the central nervous system. The protein was shown to be accumulated by neurons and astrocytes of embryonic tissue culture. The protein was absent from biological fluids of healthy persons and in schizophrenia but it was recordable in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with different forms of neurological pathology. In patients with neuronal degenerative diseases, the protein level in biological fluids in the terminal stages was significantly lower than in compensated patients.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Disorders of formaldehyde metabolism and its metabolic precursors in patients with multiple sclerosis].

Blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid were studied in 90 patients with multiple sclerosis. Patients showed substantially elevated levels of formaldehyde and N-methyl amino acids as related to control subjects. These metabolites' concentration was also higher in those patients with prevailing cerebellar signs and progressive course of the disease or in exacerbations of remission course compared with the cases of prevailing pyramidal structures involvement and benign course with long-lasting remissions. Glycine administration resulted in reduced blood levels of formaldehyde. Its role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A new highly active proteolytic myelin enzyme and its possible role in the mechanism of the demyelinating process].

The study of the myelin in the rabbit brain and in biological fluids of patients with multiple sclerosis has revealed the presence of a new highly active proteolytic enzyme. The article describes the physicochemical properties of this enzyme. Its role in the pathogenesis of the demyelinizing process is emphasized: normally being coupled with an inhibitor the enzyme is released as a result of the demyelinizing process and becomes active. This leads to the destruction of myelin proteins. Possible factors of enzyme activation are considered. The authors discuss the significance of differences in the activities depending on the stage of the process and the course of multiple sclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Reorganization of the synaptic architectonics of the cerebral cortex in antigenic sensitization of the brain and in convulsive paroxysms].

In Krushinskiĭ-Molodkina rats sensibilized for 5 days with brain extract antigens (BEA) and/or subjected to repetitive seizures (S), the synaptic architectonics of the molecular layer was studied in the sensorimotor cortex preparations treated with phosphotungstic acid. Unlike the S effect, BEA-sensibilization and BEA+S action sharply reduced the number of interneuronal contacts, especially the symmetric ones, and the structure relations of the subsynaptic units system with the surrounding cytoskeleton with decrease in the number of very small, small and medium-size synapses. In any effects the major compensatory mechanism was the hypertrophy and splitting of the interneuronal contacts. Only S action resulted in the compensatory enhancement of the new synapses formation. Possible mechanisms of the "immune" lesion of the interneuronal contacts are discussed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1987

[Structural and functional reorganization of the interneuronal contacts of the cerebral cortex after a single convulsive paroxysm].

Using the technique of contrasting the cerebral tissue with phosphotungstic acid, the authors studied the structural and functional status of interneuronal contacts of the molecular layer of the sensomotor cortex in the brain of Krushinsky-Molodkina rats following convulsive sound stimulation and the subsequent audiogenic convulsive paroxysm. Marked reduction in the general number of synapses 4 h after the attack was attended by transformation of some flat functionally mature contacts into concave ones, which reflects the activation of the synaptic pool. The relative levels of concave and flat mature contacts returned to the initial level 8 to 24 h later.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1982

[Determination of myelin marker enzymes in the blood serum in peripheral nervous system diseases].

The activity of 2',3'-cyclonucleotide-3-phosphohydrolase (CNP) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) was studied for the first time in the blood of patients with diseases of the peripheral nervous system. A spectrophotometric method for CNP activity detection was described. The activity absent from the blood of normal subjects was detectable with statistical significance in the patients with the diseases in question. Analogous results were obtained in the animals with an experimental injury to the myelin coat of the peripheral nerves. Study into the activity of LAP in the pathological conditions under consideration revealed no significant deviations. It is emphasized that CNP may transfer to the blood serum from myelin decay foci and that the method described may be used for diagnostic purposes.

2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1982

[A further role on the structuro-functional organization of the vegetatovisceral manifestations of epilepsy (diencephalic epilepsy?)].

The authors present the results of examining 138 patients whose disease could be classed with the so-called "diencephalic epilepsy" proceeding from the structure of the paroxysmal vegetovisceral manifestations, the degree of the neuroendocrinal syndromes, the complicate scope of the organic and functional anomalies, and hydrocephalus of the IIId ventricle. Stereoelectroencephalographic examinations made in the course of spontaneous vegetovisceral and polymorph seizures have shown that the aura correlates with the reaction of desynchronization in the deep and cortical structures of the brain; the specific manifestations of the seizures are combined with epileptic discharges in the limbic and neocortical structures and absence of the discharges in the thalamus and hypothalamus. It has been shown that the limbic system, the neocortical and truncal divisions of the brain take part in the structural and functional organization of the vegetovisceral paroxysms. It is supposed that the hypothalamus plays a non-specific role in the realization of the vegetovisceral paroxysms. On the basis of recognizing the system organization of epileptic process the authors cast doubt on the term "diencephalic epilepsy".

Adolescent↗