Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Iu P Rudometov.
The paper presents a comparative description of the clinical picture of herpes zoster observed in a patient twice in 1989 and 1997. For its differential diagnosis with herpes simplex, emphasis is laid on a difference between the concepts "relapse" and "recurrence".
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AIM: To estimate the occurrence of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) arising after acute period of herpes zoster (HZ) and determination of zovirax efficiency in PHN prevention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of a total of 102 patients with HZ aged 17-89 years, 20 patients aged 26-83 years were given zovirax. RESULTS: Acute pain syndrome in PHN was observed in more that one-third of HZ patients. Patients over 60 years of age were more predisposed to PHN. Zovirax reduced the duration of acute rash and its healing, decreased the number of patients with zoster-associated pain and PHN patients. CONCLUSION: Zovirax is effective and safe in preventing PHN in HZ patients.
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Long-term follow-up of 92 Lyme's borreliosis sufferers with different neurological syndromes allowed the authors to distinguish as the following basic nervous disturbances typical for this disease: peripheral neuropathies, encephalopathies, meningoencephalitis, serous meningitis. Peripheral neuropathies occurred most frequently (80%). The disease duration and severity were often substantial.
The authors relate the results of the use of virolex (acyclovir), a new etiotropic agent, for the treatment of some herpetic lesions of the nervous system. The use of the drug for the treatment of herpetic encephalitis, one of the gravest forms of encephalitides, exerts a beneficial effect. In the course of the treatment, it is of paramount importance to adhere to the established time of therapy, since the disease may recur. The treatment with virolex of different forms of herpes zoster in children and adults brings about positive results as well.
The paper describes a clinical picture of a new transmissible disease which got widespread in the Middle zone of Russia. It is caused by a tick-borne organism pertaining to new pathogenic species of Borrelia. Early in its onset Lyme Borrelia (LB) infection presented with tick-borne erythema, followed by neurological and cardiac complications eventuating in locomotor disturbances. Altogether 118 patients at various stages of the disease were examined and treated. Wide-spectrum antibiotics proved an effective therapeutic modality in LB infection management.
Eight patients with herpetic encephalitis (HE) and one patient with herpetic meningitis were investigated. The clinical and laboratory investigations (CR, EEG, and others) are described. In all the cases the diagnosis was corroborated with serological and virological tests unraveling the herpes simplex virus. A high-sensitive diagnose the atypical HE cases with subacute and chronic course that is important for correct treatment.
A study was undertaken to examine 320 patients with seasonal fevers occurred in June to September. These included fever of unknown etiology, acute respiratory virus diseases, pneumonias, bronchitis, enterovirus diseases, and serous meningitis. Serological tests revealed that in 20 (6.3%) of them the viruses of the complex in California encephalitis (Tyagin's virus or antigenically related virus) contributed to the etiology of the disease. Major clinical symptoms of the disease were defined in this group of patients. The disease appeared as neuroinfections (serous meningitis), influenza-like conditions (fever, symptoms of intoxication), occasionally, infiltrative changes in the lung. Thus, the viruses of the antigen complex of California encephalitis makes an etiological contribution to infectious abnormalities.
The article presents the results of a combined (clinicopsychopathological, neurological, computed tomography) investigation of 28 patients with encephalitides caused by the virus of herpes simplex type 1 at various periods of the disease. The peculiarities of psychopath-like signs at the initial stage of the disease are shown in their relation with wekefullness level fluctuations and epileptic reactions. Diagnostic and prognostic values of distinct psychopathologic signs are evaluated. Major variants of psychoorganic signs in reconvalescence and later periods are described. Besides the impact of the factor of severity of neurological disorders in the disease, the role of a local factor in shaping the clinical picture of deficit-related psychopathological disorders is stressed: preferential lesioning of frontotemporal cortex and the limbic system structures.
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Twenty-five patients with a suspicion of necrotic encephalitis were examined by computer-aided tomography (CT). Brain tumors were detected in 5 patients. Three patients had negative results of CT examination and later other etiology was established in these cases. Fifteen patients showed characteristic foci of diminished density in the cerebral substance; in 3 cases necrosis was verified postmortem. The time-course of the encephalitis process was traced in the majority of patients. The diagnosis based on laboratory findings made it possible to confirm the etiological role of herpes simplex virus in the development of encephalitis in 2 patients with negative results of CT examinations. Possible causes of the negative results are discussed. Possible involvement of the lenticular nuclei, the brain stem and the cerebellum in necrotic encephalitis is demonstrated. The method is recommended for the early diagnosis of necrotic encephalitides.
Piracetam influence on the depth of consciousness loss and psychic function recovery was examined in two groups of 30 patients (study and control) selected at random. The study was carried out in conditions of a specialized department for patients with acute virus neuroinfections. Accelerated periods of egress from unconsciousness (including coma), high rate of reduction of psychoorganic and somatovegetative disorders followed by successful rehabilitation were characteristic of patients given piracetam from the disease onset. The results obtained permit recommending piracetam for wide use in neuroinfections.
Twenty-five patients aged 15 to 68 years suffering from acute necrotic encephalitis were subjected to combined examination involving epidemiological, clinical, electroencephalographic, echoencephalographic, pathomorphological, virological, immunological, and computerized tomography studies. The results obtained showed both the distinctive characteristics of the pathogenesis of this disease (with vascular and allergic disorders being its constant feature) and a probable etiological role played by Type I herpes simplex virus and various respiratory viruses in more than half of the cases. Efficacy of pathogenetic therapy is shown. Further areas of research in the field of necrotic encephalitides are also discussed.
Fifty patients with early stages of herpes zoster (23 patients with the ophthalmic form and 27 with other localizations of the lesion) were treated with levamisol, since it was assumed that the disease is caused by the activation of the varicellazoster virus in association with cellular immunodeficiency. The control group consisted of 63 subjects, including 26 with the ophthalmic form. Beneficial results such as faster skin clearance and fewer days of hospitalization suggest that this agent should be recommended for combined treatment of patients suffering from herpes zoster.