[Effect of the gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative TZ-50-2 on the autonomic nervous system].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Iu R Sheĭkh-Zade.
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In children of 6-7 years old with infantile cerebral paralysis the heart muscle mobilization is observed that displays in heart rate acceleration, decrease of its variability and some diminuation of adaptive reserves of cardiovascular system. As a result of such adaptation strain the adequate maintenance of the principal hemodynamic parameter (average arterial pressure) is ensured.
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In cats, magnesium, potassium and finoptin diminished the vagal chronotropic effect whereas calcium potentiated it. In potassium chloride administration, the vagotropic action was due to a selective diminishing of the tonic component.
The effect of met- and leu-enkephalins in cats was characterised by depressing vagotropic action due to a selective decrease in the tonic component. The potentiation of synchronizing actions may serve as an index of a reliable and stable mechanism of the beat-by-beat control of the cardiac rhythm.
In acute experiments duration of cardiac cycle, sinoatrial and atrioventricular conduction were dependent on interval between burst irritation of the vagus nerve and P-wave of ECG. It was demonstrated that dromotropic vagal effect consists of short-termed phase-dependent component and more extensive to tonic one.
In experiments on cats a single premature beat or vagal stimulation shortened the effective refractory period without any spontaneous heart rate disturbances, while the combined action of these factors always led to paroxysmal tachycardia or atrial fibrillation. It is suggested that contracting myocardium possesses a covert ability for self-excitation revealed only in critical shortening of the action potential. Since the excitation occurring in such conditions is also a premature beat, the fibrillation process becomes self-maintaining.
A case of deliberate 7-second heart arrest is described. It is assumed that the effect is the result of voluntary self-irritation of peritoneal receptors by means of rhythmical diaphragm muscle contractions realized in conditions of preliminary breathing arrest.
In experiments on frogs, rats, rabbits, cats, dogs and simians the synchronization of cardiac and vagal rhythms was achieved during stimulation of vagus nerve. The relative bounds of the synchronization ranges were not dependent on the species of animal or level of sympathetic activity. In this connection, the whole variety of the cardiochronotropic reactions in vertebrates may be described with a general mathematical equation: B = A (0.769-0.098 log2N), where A is a current heart rate, B--the heart rate during the vagus nerve stimulation with bursts of N supramaximal pulses.
In acute experiments, synchronization of cardiac and vagal rhythms was achieved during burst stimulation of a vagus nerve. The study of atrial excitability in the synchronization revealed changes of diastolic threshold, effective and total refractory periods, the changes being unrelated to the synchronization phenomenon and due to variation of the heart rate.